nutrient removal Articles
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Time Vs. Space: Two Successful Biological Nutrient Removal Strategies
Two distinct strategies have been practiced successfully for nutrient removals at a facility. One utilizes a continuous flow strategy with designated anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic zones. This strategy was targeted for biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal with minimal chemical addition. The other utilizes anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic cycle times in sequence at existing basins under a timer ...
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Biological nutrient removal in a continuous biofilm process
A new biological phosphorous and nitrogen removal process is developed. The process is based on biofilm on carrier elements with enhanced biological phosphorous removal and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in a continuous process. Results from 3 years of pilot and laboratory experiments are presented with regards to removal of organic substances, phosphorous and nitrogen. This ...
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A Critical New Look at Nutrient Removal Processes
ABSTRACTThis paper questions the basic practice of using large unaerated zones and large mixed liquor recycle flows to achieve TN and TP removal. It shows that the use of chemicals and different process approaches may be simpler, cheaper and, maybe, even better. INTRODUCTIONMost people in our profession seem to believe the only way to design nutrient removal wastewater treatment plants (wwtp) is ...
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WERF Nutrient Challenge investigates limits of nutrient removal technologies
The WERF Nutrient Challenge is a multi-year collaborative research initiative established in 2007 to develop and provide current information about wastewater treatment nutrients (specifically nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater), their characteristics, and bioavailability in aquatic environments to help regulators make informed decisions. The Nutrient Challenge will also provide data on ...
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Nitrification and denitrifying phosphorus removal in an upright continuous flow reactor
Simultaneous nitrification and denitrifying phosphorus removal was achieved in a single-sludge continuous flow bioreactor. The upright bioreactor was aligned with a biomass fermenter (BF) and operated continuously for over 350 days. This study revealed that unknown bacteria of the Saprospiraceae class may have been responsible for the successful nutrient removal in this bioreactor. The ...
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Biological nutrient removal case study
The Challenge Chester Engineers was contracted by the Mountaintop Area Joint Sanitary Authority to design an upgrade to the existing treatment plant to address new Chesapeake Bay nutrient requirements and to eliminate the use of chlorine for ammonia nitrogen removal and disinfection to address trihalomethane permit violations. Chester was also required to complete the design to permit ...
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Effects of nutrient loading on Anabaena flos-aquae biofilm: biofilm growth and nutrient removals
Effects of three different nutrient loadings (low nutrient loading, medium nutrient loading and high nutrient loading, denoted as LNS, MNS and HNS, respectively) on the structure and functions of algal biofilm using Anabaena flos-aquae were investigated using synthetic wastewater. Nutrients removal efficiencies, biofilm thickness, microalgae dehydrogenase activity (DHA) and exopolysaccharide ...
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Nutrient removal ability and resistance of five hydrophytes under low-temperature conditions
Five indigenous hydrophytes were studied for removal of nitrogen and phosphorus at different nutrition levels by artificial imitation of the low-temperature weather conditions of the Taihu lake area. The rate of nitrogen and phosphorus uptake was dependent on the nutrient concentrations and a positive correlation between the prolines of hydrophytes and the latter were found. High percentages of ...
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Evaluation of nutrients removal (NO3-N, NH3-N and PO4-P) with Chlorella vulgaris, Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus cereus and a consortium of these microorganisms in the treatment of wastewater effluents
In this research removal of NH3-N, NO3-N and PO4-P nutrients from municipal wastewater was studied, using Chlorella vulgaris, Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus cereus and an artificial consortium of them. The objective is to analyze the performance of these microorganisms and their consortium, which has not been previously studied for nutrient removal in municipal wastewater. A model wastewater ...
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Putting Operators in Control a Straightforward Approach to BNR Clarifier Operation
ABSTRACT Successful operation of any activated sludge process depends on understanding the capacity of secondary clarifiers. As biological treatment facilities are operated to achieve biological nutrient removal (BNR), a careful balance must be made between reactor and secondary clarifier capacity to achieve the various treatment goals. This paper presents an approach to assist operators in ...
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Impacts of variable pH on stability and nutrient removal efficiency of aerobic granular sludge
The impact of pH variation on aerobic granular sludge stability and performance was investigated. A 9-day alkaline (pH = 9) and acidic (pH = 6) pH shocks were imposed on mature granules with simultaneous chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The imposed alkaline pH shock (pH 9) reduced nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency from 88% and 98% to 66% and 50%, ...
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WEF/WERF study of BNR plants achieving very low N and P limits: evaluation of technology performance and process reliability
The Water Environment Research Foundation (WERF) funded a two-year comprehensive study of nutrient removal plants designed and operated to meet very low effluent total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations. WERF worked with the Water Environment Federation (WEF) to solicit participation of volunteers and provide a forum for information exchange at workshops at its annual ...
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Influence of denitrification reactor retention time distribution (RTD) on dissolved oxygen control and nitrogen removal efficiency
Low concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO) are usually found in biological anoxic pre-denitrification reactors, causing a reduction in nitrogen removal efficiency. Therefore, the reduction of DO in such reactors is fundamental for achieving good nutrient removal. The article shows the results of an experimental study carried out to evaluate the effect of the anoxic reactor hydrodynamic model ...
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Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal In Substrate-Free Pilot Constructed Wetlands With Horizontal Surface Flow In Uganda
In constructed wetlands (CWs) with horizontal sub-surface flow, nutrient removal, especially phosphorus, is limited because the root biomass fills the pore spaces of the substrate (usually gravel), directing wastewater flow to deeper wetland media, plants are not regularly harvested, the litter formed by decomposing vegetation remains on the surface of the substrate and thus does not interact ...
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Nutrient Control Design Manual
The purpose of this EPA design manual is to provide updated, state‐of‐the‐technology design guidance on nitrogen and phosphorus control at municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs). Similar to previous EPA manuals, this manual contains extensive information on the principles of biological nutrient removal and chemical phosphorus removal to serve as the basis for design. A ...
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Effects of physical and morphometric factors on nutrient removal properties in agricultural ponds
Effects of physical and morphometric factors on nutrient removal properties were studied in small agricultural ponds with different depths, volumes, and residence times in western Japan. Average residence time was estimated to be >15 days, and it tended to decrease from summer to winter because of the increase in water withdrawal for agricultural activity. Water temperature was clearly ...
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Biological Nutrient Removal: Where We Have Been, Where We Are Going?
The paper covers the early research that led to the development of the biological nutrient removal (BNR) technology that is widely practiced today then looks at the present and future of BNR. Presently only suspended and attached growth biological processes or a combination of the two are used to reduce nitrogen concentration to around 3 mg/L. New technologies such as the SHARON® and ...
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Influence of vegetation type and temperature on the performance of constructed wetlands for nutrient removal
In this study, the influence of vegetation type and environmental temperature on performance of constructed wetlands (CWs) was investigated. Results of vegetation types indicated that the removal of most nutrients in polyculture was greater than those in monoculture and unplanted control. The greatest removal percentages of NH4+-N, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in polyculture ...
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Comparison in growth, lipid accumulation, and nutrient removal capacities of
Chlorella sp. in secondary effluents under sterile and non-sterile conditionsThe growth, lipid accumulation and nutrient removal characteristics of an oleaginous microalga Chlorella sp. HQ in two types of secondary effluents (named as X and Q) before/after sterilization were evaluated. The results show that the algal growth rates under sterilization were higher than those under non-sterilization. However, sterilization caused a significant decrease in algal lipid and ...
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Evaluation of Several Water Reclamation Facilities Employing Biological Nutrient Removal in North Carolina
Abstract As an increasing number of lakes and streams are being classified as impaired or nutrient sensitive, a greater burden is placed on municipalities to comply with water quality restrictions. During the past decade in North Carolina, specifically in the Neuse River and Tar-Pamlico River Basins, many municipalities were required to upgrade their wastewater treatment plants for nutrient ...
By Arcadis
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