polychlorinated biphenyl Articles
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Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Different Tissue Types from Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are lipophilic compounds that may persist in the environment over may years. Aquatic organisms are particularly susceptible to bioaccumulation of these compounds. While the majority of PCBs detected in wildlife are the result of historical use and legacy contamination, rising levels of PBDEs have been documented in North ...
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Net trophic transfer efficiencies of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners to lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) from its prey
Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) were fed bloater (Coregonus hoyi) in eight laboratory tanks over a 135‐d experiment. At the start of the experiment, four to nine fish in each tank were sacrificed, and the concentrations of 75 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners within these fish were determined. Polychlorinated biphenyl congener concentrations were also determined in the 10 lake trout ...
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Larval exposure to polychlorinated biphenyl 126 (PCB‐126) causes persistent alteration of the amphibian gut microbiota
Interactions between gut microbes and anthropogenic pollutants have been understudied. The authors investigated the effects of larval exposure to polychlorinated biphenyl 126 (PCB‐126) on the gut microbial inventories of tadpoles and frogs. PCB‐treated frogs exhibited increased species richness in the gut, and harbored communities significantly enriched in Fusobacteria. These results suggest ...
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Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals, Organochlorine Pesticides, and Detoxication Biochemical Indexes in Tissues of Ictalurus melas of Lake Trasimeno
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and heavy metals are persistent substances ubiquitously present in aquatic ecosystems. Their bioaccumulation in biota is governed by the physico-chemical properties of the compounds, the bioavailability from environmental matrices, the structure of the food chain, the lipid content of the species and the metabolism of the exposed ...
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A simple and fast micromethod for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls in air by sorbent enrichment and ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction
Abstract A combination of sorbent enrichment and ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction has been used to determine polychlorinated biphenyls in air. Analytes were sampled by pumping a known volume of air through a porous polymer (Tenax TA). The enriched adsorbent was transferred into a glass vial, and ultrasound-assisted extraction of the analytes was then performed in n-hexane. ...
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Contaminants in wildlife utilising confined disposal facilities
Voles, shrews and aquatic plants from the Thunder Bay Confined Disposal Facility (CDF) and hatchery-reared ducks, released and recaptured four and 10 weeks after release, were analysed for heavy metals and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Metal concentrations in duck livers were comparable to our control site values and other reported studies. Metal concentrations in voles and shrews were ...
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US EPA Method 525.2 Semivolatiles by GC-MS on the Supelco SLB™-5ms
US EPA Method 525.2 describes the procedure for the extraction and analysis of semivolatile organic compounds from drinking and source water. The compound list includes polynuclear aromatics, phthalates, pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyls. This application illustrates the separation of a majority of the single peak analytes listed in this method, using a SLB-5ms, 30 m x 0.25 mm I.D., 0.25 ...
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To Breastfeed or Not To Breastfeed: A Review of the Impact of Lactational Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) on Infants
Researchers have long debated the adverse effects of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on children versus the benefits of breastfeeding. In this article, the authors provide an overview of the known health effects of PCBs in children and examine the level of evidence regarding the risk of postnatal exposure via breastfeeding. The major source of PCBs is environmental, with over 90% of ...
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Environmental Applications Performed Using Equity Capillary GC columns
Various Environmental Applications performed on the Supelco® Equity line of capillary GC columns; specifically the 100% poly(dimethylsiloxane) and poly(5% diphenyl.95% dimethylpolysiloxane) phases. Applications include the following; USEPA Method 8270 for semivolatile compounds; USEPA Method 8081 for chlorinated pesticides; USEPA Method 8082 for polychlorinated biphenyls; diesel fuel; simple ...
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The fate and behaviour of organic micropollutants during wastewater treatment processes: a review
The fate and behaviour of selected insecticides, herbicides, and polychlorinated biphenyls during primary sedimentation and secondary biological treatment of waste water are evaluated. The physico-chemical properties (chemical structure, aqueous solubility, octanol/water partition coefficient and Henry's Law constant) of these compounds which dictate the extent and mechanism of their removal ...
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Productivity and density of belted kingfishers on the Housatonic river, Massachusetts
Belted kingfishers (Ceryle alcyon) breeding along the Housatonic River (Massachusetts) were studied to determine whether productivity or population density is impaired, in light of the presence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in their prey. The study involved: a) characterizing habitat quality; b) identifying kingfisher burrows; c) monitoring breeding pairs from courtship through fledging; d) ...
By Arcadis
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Biomagnification of polychlorinated biphenyls in a harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) food web from the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia, Canada
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) biomagnification was characterized in a harbor seal food web in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia, Canada. Trophic magnification factors (TMFs) for PCBs averaged 3.6, with a range of 0.7 to 9.4. The TMFs for individual congeners correlated with log Kow (r2 = 0.56, p < 0.001), reflecting the role that physicochemical properties play in driving the ...
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Improved analyte recovery with keeper solvents
Syncore Analyst: Evaporation to a defined volume with appendix, chiller and keeper solvent Polychlorinated biphenyls are suspected endocrine disruptors. They are enriched in the food chain which can result in elevated concentrations in fish and meat. The concentration of some PCBs is the subject of regulations and must be analyzed by reliable methods. Often, PCBs are extracted from a matrix. The ...
By BUCHI
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Evaluations of Polar and Highly Polar Ionic Liquid Capillary GC Columns with Environmental Samples
Ionic liquids are a class of non-molecular ionic solvents with low melting points. These liquids are unique combinations of cations and anions and can provide a variety of different selectivities when used as stationary phases in capillary gas chromatography. A number of ionic liquid phases have been evaluated and characterized for selectivity and determined to be polar or highly polar in ...
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Differentiating Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB’s) by GC / FID / ECD
The analytical chemistry of PCB’s is rigorous, demanding the highest quality in sample preparation and analytical technique. Insufficient sample extraction and inappropriate methods of sample clean-up are the most common sources of error in PCB analysis, which causes significant interference in the chromatography. However, even in relatively clean samples the problem remains to ...
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Characteristics, distribution and sources of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in coastal sediments from the heavily industrialized area of Asalouyeh, Iran
In this research, the levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were investigated in the marine sediments of Asaluyeh harbor, in the Persian Gulf. The samples were taken from industrial, semi-industrial and urban regions. The mean concentration levels of total (Σ) 18 detected PCBs were 514.32, 144.67 and 31.6 pg/g dw for the industrial, semi-industrial and urban sampling stations, ...
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Abundances, Depositional Fluxes, and Homologue Patterns of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Dated Sediment Cores from the Pearl River Delta, China
Despite the recent efforts to investigate the distribution and fate of persistent organic pollutants in the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, very little was known about the temporal change of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the environmental ecosystem of China. In this study, three dated sediment cores collected from the Pearl River Delta of southern China were analyzed for a ...
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Hydrodechlorination/Detoxification of PCDDs, PCDFs, and co-PCBs in Fly Ash by Using Calcium Polysulfide
Dioxins like polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCSDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are mainly emitted from waste incinerators (WIs) and have become an international research focus because of its serious concerns over the adverse health effects. The detoxification of PCCDs/Fs and PCBs is very difficult because of their stable chemical structure. A ...
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Polychlorinated biphenyl congener distributions in burbot: Evidence for a latitude effect
We compared the distributions of the congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) detected in whole‐body samples of burbot (Lota lota) from Great Slave Lake and Lake Erie. Total PCB concentrations in Great Slave Lake burbot were about 1/60 of the concentrations in Lake Erie burbot. Burbot from Great Slave Lake contained a higher proportion of lower‐chlorinated (2‐6 chlorines) congeners than ...
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Determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) and Phthalates in Waste Polymer Samples intended for Mechanical Recycling
The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and phthalates in homogenized polymer samples from polymer waste streams using two different pressurized fluid extraction instruments (ASE and SpeedExtractor). Both extraction methods showed very similar results. Measured PCB levels were in the lower and sub ppm range. Calculated total PCB levels using the ...
By BUCHI
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