process analysis Articles
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Accident scenarios for marshalling yards in The Netherlands: Private or public fire fighting
Since the introduction of the Seveso and Seveso II directive (1996), many Western European countries have had the opportunity to demand that installations processing hazardous materials have a private fire brigade. In the Netherlands, based on the Dutch company fire brigade decree, certain companies can be compelled to have a private fire brigade (BZK, 1990). Hazardous materials are processed at ...
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Multivariate statistical analysis of gold cyanidation plant data
Dynamic measurements performed around an industrial gold ore leaching plant with two leaching tanks were used to perform a multivariate statistical analysis to extraction information from this data set. Performance indices related to leaching rate constants were generated in the data set pre-processing. Then, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA) were applied to find ...
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What is Process Hazard Analysis (PHA)?
High risk industries, like the chemical and manufacturing industries, are highly regulated to help prevent Major Accident Hazards like explosions, fires and toxic chemical releases-but it wasn’t always that way. Most process safety regulations around the world were put into place after major safety incidents occurred. In Europe, for example, several process safety incidents in the 1970s ...
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Designing robust water planning institutions in remote regions: a case of Georgina and Diamantina catchment in Australia
Several catchment-based water planning processes are currently underway in Australia, with the Water Reform Agreement of 1994 providing the legislative umbrella. This paper presents the results of a case study conducted in the joint catchment of the Diamantina and Georgina rivers, located in the remote central-west part of the state of Queensland. The paper investigates the new water planning ...
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Exergetic analysis of a continuous Bi-axially Oriented Polypropylene (BOPP) film unit in a plastic processing plant
This paper deals with an exergy analysis of the stretching process of bi-axially oriented polypropylene films using a hot oil coiler along with stretching and crystallising unit. Exergy destructions and efficiencies in each of the system components are calculated, while the exergy loss and flow diagram (the so-called Grassmann diagram) is presented for the transverse direction (TD) unit. The ...
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Non-linear multiscale principal component analysis for fault detection: application to pollution parameters
In the general frame of process surveillance, principal component analysis (PCA) has been often selected due to its simplicity and ability to capture the linear relations between the stationary process variables. However, the method showed limitations when dealing with industrial data that generally presents non-linear and multiscale features. The approach proposed in this study rests on the ...
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Project - OceanCube Seafloor
OceanCube Observatories, composed of a group of researchers from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, are using PME’s T-Chain sensors as a part of their instrumentation package located on the sea floor off the coast of Japan. The OceanCubes are marine observatories located in areas where upwelling of cold, nutrient rich and hypoxic water is expected on a seasonal basis. PME’s T-Chain ...
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Removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions by graphene oxide aerogels
This paper reports the application of graphene oxide aerogels (GOAs) for adsorption of lead(II) ions from aqueous solutions. The aerogels were fabricated from graphene oxide (GO) colloidal suspensions by unidirectional freeze drying method. The synthesized GO powders, as well as the aerogels, were thoroughly characterized by various techniques. The experimental data showed that the kinetic of ...
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Application of the self–organising map to visualisation of and exploration into historical development of criminal phenomena in the USA, 1960–2007
Underneath the prevalence of criminal phenomena, many variables can be used to describe the background data such as the historical development of crime against socio–economic development. With large amount of data and evolution of data processing, multi–dimensional analysis becomes possible. Based on longitudinal (1960–2007), crime and socio–economic data (22 variables), we used the ...
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Experiences in applying data-driven modeling technology to steelmaking processes
Abstract: Experience has shown that data-driven modelling methods are useful for improving steelmaking processes. In particular, principal components analysis and partial least squares are well-suited for industrial implementation because they address practical issues such as colinearity and missing data. In the course of applying these multivariate methods on-line, a need for a flexible computer ...
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Evaluation of the equations of state for air, nitrogen and oxygen on throttle reduction efficiency by using exergy analysis
Exergy (available energy) analysis was applied to calculate the efficiency of throttling process by using some of equations of state. Differences between calculations by using three equations of state, Soave?Redlich?Kwong (S?R?K), Van der Waals and Beattie?Bridgeman on three substances air, nitrogen and oxygen are shown. The calculations for nitrogen are found to be close to air because almost ...
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Using reliability and simulation models in business continuity planning
Business continuity planning is a process to ensure that an organisation can continue to function effectively and resiliently when faced with crisis events. A key phase of the process is risk analysis, which involves identifying events, determining causes, and estimating probabilities and impact. In this paper we focus on estimating probabilities. Current practice often relies on ad hoc methods ...
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Socio–environmental nuclear conflicts: the case of El Cabril
Since the commissioning of the 'El Cabril' Central Storage Facility for Low– and Intermediate–level Radioactive Waste (hereafter 'El Cabril'), most people living in nearby towns and villages have regarded this nuclear facility with a marked degree of rejection and distrust. This study examines the process of analysis, management and intervention specifically designed and implemented with a view ...
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Comparative analysis on biological diversity and institutional management of the Marshlands of Southern Iraq
Framework and goal of the comparative analysis The government of Iraq, assisted by UNESCO, UNEP and IUCN, is currently preparing the nomination of the Iraqi or Mesopotamian Marshlands as a World Heritage site under the name Marshlands of Southern Iraq. Wetlands International was requested by UNEP-DTIE-IETC to carry out an independent comparative analysis of the Marshlands of Southern Iraq to ...
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An analysis of the process of packaging substitution in the drinks industry: the Spanish case
The aim of this article is to describe and analyse the factors governing the process of diffusion of technological change in the drinks packaging industry which occurred in Spain between 1982 and 1992. This industry is characterised by the presence of four main technological choices: glass bottles, composite cartons, plastic containers, and metal cans. These compete to satisfy the demands of the ...
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Effective relationships of factors in a manual assembly line environment
A manual assembly line environment includes a large number of factors that affect the performance of the system. At the moment, these factors and their effects are investigated in separate research papers that relate to different disciplines, and thus there is an increasing need to handle them together. This study contributes to the understanding of these factors and their relationships from both ...
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Case study - Filming breakout noise from café and concert venue
Problem A combined bar, bistro and concert venue in the city center has been renovated with a great emphasis on acoustic noise dampening. Nevertheless, the venue is still getting complaints from neighbours close by due to breakout noise from the location, especially during late night concerts. The establishment consists of a bar and bistro on the ground floor, with the concert venue on the floor ...
By Norsonic AS
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Long Term Monitoring with Focused Temp Studies
Orange County, California – The Orange County Sanitation District (OCSD) was experiencing increasing I/I over the last two decades and high peaks at the treatment plants. Their network was 90% built out with a variable mix of residential, commercial, industrial, and some military. They were considering costly improvements to the ocean outfall and plant operations.Services Provided by ADS Five ...
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Evaluating stakeholders’ preferences: reconciling heritage and sustainability
Decisions on heritage redevelopment are often based on monocultural British system guidelines, a narrow representation of Malaysia’s multi-cultural society. Involvement of direct stakeholders is minimal in the decision process. This paper provides an objective evaluation for traditional shophouse redevelopment, incorporating multiple stakeholders’ preferences. It explores stakeholders’ confl ...
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Exergy analysis and optimisation of binary plate distillation column operations
Two objective functions representing the second-law efficiency and the operating cost in binary distillation operation were empirically derived and used to optimise the operations of the distillation column. The benzene-toluene and the methanol-water mixtures, process simulation, exergy analysis, operating cost analysis, statistical design of experiments and optimisation were employed in the ...
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