risk assessment Articles
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Comparative risk assessment of the health and environmental impacts of various energy systems
Comparative risk assessment is an interdisciplinary field, encompassing such areas as engineering, environment, health and social sciences. Its aim is to compare various types of risk, and to establish a rational and 'risk acceptable' technological – environmental policy. This paper highlights methodological issues involved in dealing with various types of data and the use of appropriate ...
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EPA Issues Metals Risk Assessment Framework
Businesses have long believed that assessing potential risks from metal and inorganic chemical exposures are qualitatively and quantitatively different from assessing potential risks from organic chemical substances. On March 8, EPA capped off an intensive effort that fundamentally recognized these differences in announcing the availability of its final Framework for Metals Risk Assessment. ...
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Re‐calibration of the earthworm tier 1 risk assessment of plant protection products
In the first step of the earthworm risk assessment for plant protection products the risk is assessed by comparing the no‐observed effect levels (NOEL) from the laboratory reproduction tests with the predicted exposure of the plant protection product in soil while applying a trigger value (assessment factor; AF) to cover uncertainties. If this indicates a potential risk, field studies are ...
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Potential for integrated risk assessment in a rapidly developing country
In Kuwait, risk assessment became an issue during the Iraq/lran war when several industrial and other activities became targets for hostile actions. With the torching of the oil-wells in 1991 and the resulting severe air and soil pollution, assessment of the risk was of prime importance. The health impacts and risk assessment were further addressed when the Environmental Protection Council ...
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Risk catalogue as a software tool for supporting the business continuity planning
A software tool of risk management developed in support of organisation activities continuity planning is presented in this paper. The Catalogue of Risks (version 2.0) is the tool through which it is possible to record the identified risks in business, evaluate them and prioritise. Besides the description of this software tool, this paper also deals with the risk management process with focus on ...
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Combining exposure and effect modelling into an integrated probabilistic environmental risk assessment for nanoparticles
There is a growing need for good environmental risk assessment of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs). Environmental risk assessment of ENPs has been hampered by lack of data and knowledge about ENPs, their environmental fate and their toxicity. This leads to uncertainty in the risk assessment. To effectively deal with uncertainty in the risk assessment, probabilistic methods are advantageous. In ...
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Assessing the risks of pesticides to threatened and endangered species using population modeling: A critical review and recommendations for future work
US legislation requires the US Environmental Protection Agency to ensure that pesticide use does not cause unreasonable adverse effects on the environment, including species listed under the Endangered Species Act (ESA; hereafter referred to as listed species). Despite a long history of population models used in conservation biology and resource management and a 2013 report from the US ...
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Evaluating risk and vulnerability assessments: a study of the regional level in Sweden
Risk and Vulnerability Assessments (RVA) are performed on many levels of society by many different organisations. In the present paper we discuss how one can investigate if a system for RVA used in a country or a region fulfils its intended purpose. We show how the purpose of the Swedish system can be related to the actual form of the individual RVA documents. This is followed by a content ...
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Approaches to the risk assessment and control of major industrial chemical and related hazards in the United Kingdom
This paper outlines the role and use in the UK of hazard and risk assessment in the control and management of risks from major chemical industrial and other related hazards.Keywords: hazard analysis, major hazards, risk assessment, transportation, United Kingdom, UK, chemical ...
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Hormesis: Why it is Important to Toxicology and Toxicologists - Critical Review
This article provides a comprehensive review of hormesis, a dose–response concept that is characterized by a low-dose stimulation and a high-dose inhibition. The article traces the historical foundations of hormesis, its quantitative features and mechanistic foundations, and its risk assessment implications. The article indicates that the hormetic dose response is the most fundamental dose ...
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Creating a climate change risk assessment procedure: Hydropower plant case, Finland
This paper examines the risk assessment procedure for a Nordic hydropower production process while taking climate change into account. It is evident that climate change poses new risks and concerns for hydropower companies, especially with regards to the high uncertainty that results from the ignorance of relationships between climate change and hydropower production (descriptive uncertainty). ...
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Data and literature gathering in chemical cancer risk assessment
In recent years, chemical cancer risk assessment has faced major challenges: the demand for cancer risk assessment has grown considerably with strict legislation regarding chemical safety, whereas cancer hazard identification has turned increasingly complex due to the rapid development and high publication rate in biomedical sciences. Thus, much of the scientific evidence required for hazard ...
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Investing in transport security solutions: using the quantitative risk assessment (QRA) approach
Security has become a major concern for logistics and transportation managers. Statistics showing increasing trends in cargo theft, especially in road operations, as well as upcoming mandatory programs issued by EU and US governments, are requiring operators to increase their security degrees; i.e., by introducing new security routines, managerial strategies or by investing in technological ...
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Financial risk assessment in takeover: the effect of bidder firm shareholders' wealth
Motive studies investigate takeover rationale and the wealth effect on bidder shareholders, but with mixed results. Assuming semi-strong efficiency, this paper argues that ambiguities result from the ignorance of the distortion effects of distressed acquirers in the sample. Event studies that monitor market reaction to takeover news allow the examination of relative wealth effects, when ...
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Matter-element model of integrated risk assessment for flood control systems
The matter-element model of integrated risk assessment for flood control systems is established with matter-element analysis theory and correlative function of extension set, on the basis of classification of flood situations and risk indexes of typical flood control works. By this model, quantitative indexes of integrated risk assessment can be derived for flood control systems on a basin or ...
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A conceptual fuzzy-genetic algorithm framework for assessing the potential risks in supply chain management
For improving the use of logistics strategies to lower potential risks that could be generated in a supply chain, this article proposes using a fuzzy-Genetic Algorithm (GA) intelligent framework embedded with performance measurement. A fuzzy-GA approach has been developed to include fuzzy rule sets with the associated membership functions in one chromosome. This approach is composed of two ...
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Integrated risk assessment in Pasig, Laguna de Bay area, Philippines: a case study
In the Philippines, formal quantitative risk assessment is relatively undeveloped. There has been no consistent and objective approach to assessing risks, and emergency planning by industries is not based on objective assessment of their risks. It was in this context that a study was undertaken under the aegis of the IAEA/UNEP/WHO/UNIDO Inter-Agency project. From the data collected in ...
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Hormesis: considerations and implications for human health risk assessment
The concept of hormesis as a phenomenon is presented, in the context of its evolving definitions. Predominant types of hormetic effect and potential examples thereof are discussed, focusing on chemicals. The potential for hormesis to affect regulatory approaches and several basic processes used in formulating risk assessment parameters, such as study design, interpretation of dose-response ...
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