saturated hydraulic conductivity Articles
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A method for measuring saturated hydraulic conductivity in Anisotropic soils
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) is an important soil parameter that is difficult to measure, especially in an anisotropic medium. Many methods for determining Ks have been developed over time, but taking different water flow directions into consideration is possible in only a few of them; furthermore, these few methods cannot be universally applied. The method proposed here allows Ks to be ...
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Predicting Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity from Percolation Test Results in Layered Silt Loam Soils
The objectives of the study discussed in this article were to develop an empirical relationship between the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) of layered soils and their percolation times (PT) in order to understand the influence of individual layers and compare this with the equations developed by Winneberger (1974) and Fritton, Ratvasky, and Petersen (1986). Field research was conducted on ...
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The hydrological performance of bioretention cells in regions with cold climates: seasonal variation and implications for design
Three bioretention cells in Norway were monitored for 23 to 36 months to evaluate the hydrological performance of bioretention cells operated in regions with cold climates and to test if cell size equations can be used to predict hydrological performance. Values of saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) were determined for separate events by analyzing the observed infiltration rates and via ...
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Effect of soil fortified by polyurethane foam on septic tank effluent treatment
Fortified soil was made up of a mixture at a mass ratio 4/1000–6/1000 of sponge and natural soil according to the results of column experiment. The fortified soil had bigger porosity and higher hydraulic conductivity than the natural soil. The columns packed with 900 mm of the fortified soil endured a flow rate equivalent to 100 L/m2/d of septic tank effluent and the average chemical oxygen ...
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A constant head well permeameter formula comparison: its significance in the estimation of field-saturated hydraulic conductivity in heterogeneous shallow soils
We evaluate the application and investigate various formulae (and the associated parameter sensitivities) using the constant head well permeameter method to estimate field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) in a previously glaciated temperate landscape in the Scottish Borders where shallow soils constrain the depth of augering. In finer-textured soils, the Glover equation provided Kfs ...
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Hydraulic conductivity of compacted lateritic soil treated with bagasse ash
Lateritic soil treated with up to 12% bagasse ash content was compacted using reduced Proctor, standard Proctor, West African Standard and modified Proctor energies at −2, 0, 2 and 4% of optimum moisture content. The effects of moulding water, water content relative to optimum, initial degree of saturation at compaction, void ratio, bagasse ash content and compactive efforts on hydraulic ...
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USGA ultradwarf Bermudagrass putting green properties as affected by cultural practices
Accumulation of organic matter (OM) at the soil surface (mat OM) and below (soil OM) can negatively affect putting green performance characteristics. The objective of this study was to evaluate cultural practices for control of OM and their effects on performance characteristics of a mature, USGA-specified ultradwarf bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. x C. transvaalensis Burt Davy] green ...
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Correlation between air permeability and saturated hydraulic conductivity: unburned and burned soils
Prior research has shown a log–log correlation between ex situ air permeability (ka) measured at a matric potential of –50 and –100 cm H2O and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) in agricultural soils. We examined the applicability of a previously established log ka vs. log Ksat predictive relation in unburned and burned woodland–chaparral and coniferous soils. Specifically, we measured in ...
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Effect of soil texture on water infiltration in semiarid reclaimed land
The infiltration of water and its influencing factors in disturbed or reclaimed land are not well understood. A better understanding would provide essential information for assessing the hydrological processes in disturbed ecosystems. We measured the infiltration of water in soils from loamy and sandy reclaimed land. The relationships between infiltration and soil properties were analyzed ...
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A modified topographic index that incorporates the hydraulic and physical properties of soil
Aiming at quantifying the impacts of soil properties on rainfall–runoff processes, the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and the soil erodibility factor (K) were selected and incorporated into the classical topographic index ln(α/tanβ) (TI) to construct a modified topographic index (TI′). Stream network extractions and performance evaluations of topography-based hydrological models ...
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Controls on subsurface transport of sorbing contaminant
Subsurface transport of a sorbing contaminant is poorly understood and characterized. Here, a new semi-analytical saturated–unsaturated flow and transport model is coupled to a kinetic sorption algorithm to assess the impact of changes in the subsurface permeability architecture and flow rate on sorption characteristics. The model outputs reveal the pronounced effect of the rate of vertical ...
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Landscape and weather controls on fine-scale calcareous fen hydrodynamics
Calcareous fens are species-rich peatlands thought to form at discrete alkaline groundwater discharge points. Here the spatial and temporal variability in the peat pore-water hydrodynamics at a fine (plot) scale of three calcareous fens in southern Ontario was investigated over three growing seasons to evaluate the sensitivity of these wetlands to weather fluctuation and landscape position. ...
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The development of a coupled model (PCPF-SWMS) to simulate water flow and pollutant transport in Japanese paddy fields
A new coupled model (PCPF–SWMS) was developed for simulating fate and behavior of pollutant in paddy water and paddy soil. The model coupled the PCPF- 1, a lumped model simulating pesticide concentrations in paddy water and 1 cm-surface sediment compartment, and the SWMS-2D, a finite element numerical model solving Richard’s and advection-dispersion equations for solute transport in soil ...
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Long-term effect of a single application of organic refuse on Carbon sequestration and soil physical properties
Restoration of degraded lands could be a way to reverse soil degradation and desertification in semiarid areas and mitigate greenhouse gases (GHG). Our objective was to evaluate the long-term effects of a single addition of organic refuse on soil physical properties and measure its carbon sequestration potential. In 1988, a set of five plots (87 m2 each) was established in an open desert-like ...
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Estimating Water Content of Soils from Electrical Resistivity
Electrical resistivity has been demonstrated to be an effective predictor of various soil hydraulic properties including water content, degree of saturation, and hydraulic conductivity. Standardized laboratory procedures for measuring soil electrical resistivity are based on the use of the Miller soil box for determining soil corrosive potential from soil resistivity. However, these procedures ...
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Flash flooding prediction in regions of northern Vietnam using the KINEROS2 model
Flash flooding (FF) in Vietnam has become an important issue due to increasing loss of property and life. This paper investigates FF prediction using the Kinematic Run-off and Erosion model to perform comprehensive analyses to: (1) evaluate the role of initial soil moisture (θ) conditions using the Bridging Event and Continuous Hydrological model; (2) model the discharge (Q) using different ...
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Testing a grid-based soil erosion model across topographically complex landscapes
This study was conducted to evaluate the overall performance of the Precision Agricultural-Landscape Modeling System (PALMS) for calculating runoff and soil loss under cropped conditions. The PALMS model uses a lognormal distribution of saturated hydraulic conductivity across the fields to simulate typical soil heterogeneity within soil texture classes. Runoff and soil loss data were collected in ...
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Pore-morphology-based simulations of drainage and wetting processes in porous media
Soil hydraulic properties relating saturation, water pressure, and hydraulic conductivity are known to exhibit hysteresis. In this paper, we focus on the determination of the water retention curve for a porous medium through a novel pore-scale simulation technique that is based on mathematical morphology. We develop an algorithm that allows for the representation of three-dimensional randomly ...
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Sensitivity of unlined canal seepage to hydraulic properties of polyacrylamide-treated soil
High-molecular-weight, anionic, linear polyacrylamide (PAM) is being evaluated as a means of sealing unlined water delivery canals to reduce seepage losses. In this study, we investigated water seepage loss reduction by using a two-layer one-dimensional steady-state conceptual model. The objectives of this study were twofold: (i) to examine the effectiveness and implications of a PAM-treated thin ...
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Storm Water Master Plan development employing an integrated 1D/2D model for the Redwood Basin in Josephine County, Oregon - Case Study
The use of two-dimensional (2D) storm water models has increased in recent years primarily due to advances in software, hardware and the availability of surface data. These advances allow for robust and diverse applications including basinwide storm water assessments. Storm water master planning is a critical element for the development of state and local agency comprehensive plans, capital ...
By Innovyze
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