surface chemistry Articles
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Nano-scale manipulation of silicate-substituted apatite chemistry impacts surface charge, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and cell attachment
This study characterised the effect of nano-scale variation in hydroxyapatite (HA) surface-chemistry, by manipulation of silicate substitution level, on surface charge, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and cell attachment. Substitution with 0.4 wt% Si (SA04) had a significant impact on surface charge, but did not affect hydrophilicity as compared to stoichiometric HA. Increasing silicon content ...
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Understanding Surface Chemistry in Desorption & Oxidation
Surface chemistry is the study of the phenomenon and reactions taking place on the surfaces of substances. Surface chemistry is something that impacts industries in day to day lives. Surface chemistry occurs at the interface of a solid surface. This could be a solid-liquid or solid-gas interface. Some examples of phenomena taking place in surface chemistry are: Heterogeneous catalysis ...
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Surface Chemistry and Surface Charge Formation for an Alumina Powder in Ethanol with the Addition of HCl and KOH
Surface charge and surface adsorption on an alpha-alumina powder were investigated in a 99.5/0.5 wt% ethanol/water suspension. A model is proposed in which ethanol molecules are dissociatively adsorbed as ethoxide ions and protons to Lewis acid and base sites on the surface. These ions can then desorb separately from the surface. The surface, therefore, acts as a catalyst for the autoprotolysis ...
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Manufacturing a nanometre scale surface topography with varying surface chemistry to assess the combined effect on cell behaviour
Surface topography and surface chemistry can influence cell adhesion. This study evaluated how the combined effect of topography and chemistry can reduce cell spreading and proliferation. Silica nanoparticulate coatings ranging from 7, 14 and 21 nm in diameter were manufactured on glass substrates and chemically modified using organofunctional siloxanes bearing methyl (−CH3), sulphydryl (−SH), ...
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Adsorption properties of cationic rhodamine B dye onto metals chloride-activated castor bean residue carbons
This work was aimed to evaluate the feasibility of castor bean residue based activated carbons prepared through metals chloride activation. The activated carbons were characterized for textural properties and surface chemistry, and the adsorption data of rhodamine B were established to investigate the removal performance. Zinc chloride-activated carbon with specific surface area of 395 m2/g ...
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In situ preparation of nanocomposites by surface treatment of titanium dioxide particles with a layered double hydroxide
It is difficult to incorporate nanoparticles in a matrix because the huge number of particles and their enormous surface area dictate that one must expend large amounts of energy in dispersing them and one must find ways to maintain their separation because their surface chemistry is often sufficiently different from the matrix that flocculation via phase separation must be overcome. In many ...
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Cell preparation methods influence Escherichia Coli D21g surface Chemistry and transport in saturated sand
The effect of cell preparation methods on the surface chemistry and retention of Escherichia coli D21 g was investigated over a range of ionic strength conditions. The cell preparation methods that were considered included filtration and centrifugation (at various speeds and for different durations). For a given ionic strength condition, it was found that cells prepared by filtration were more ...
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Molecular nanoscience and engineering on surfaces
Molecular engineering of low-dimensional materials exploiting controlled self-assembly and positioning of individual atoms or molecules at surfaces opens up new pathways to control matter at the nanoscale. Our research thus focuses on the study of functional molecules and supramolecular architectures on metal substrates. As principal experimental tools we employ low-temperature scanning ...
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Kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic studies with linear and non-linear fitting for cadmium(II) removal by black carbon of pine cone
In this study, black carbon from pine cone (BCPC) and acidic-modified BCPC (MBCPC) powder as a popular agricultural waste in the southeast of Iran were used for cadmium removal from aqueous solutions. The effect of various factors, such as surface chemistry and dosage of adsorbent, contact time, size of particles, initial concentration of cadmium, temperature, and pH of aqueous solutions, was ...
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Dispersion Properties of an Alumina Nanopowder Using Molecular, Polyelectrolyte, and Steric Stabilization
A commercial alumina nanopowder was characterized and its dispersion was studied using electrostatic, electrosteric, and steric surfactants. Citric acid was used as the electrostatic dispersant, ammonium polymethacrylic acid (Oarvan C) as the electrosteric dispersant, and Hypermer KD-1 in ft-terpineol as a purely steric system. Phase stability in water was examined by X-ray diffraction, and the ...
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Uptake and toxicity of methylmethacrylate‐based nanoplastic particles in aquatic organisms
The uptake and toxicity of two poly(methylmethacrylate)‐based plastic nanoparticles (PNPs) with different surface chemistries (medium and hydrophobic) was assessed using aquatic organisms selected for their relevance based on the environmental behaviour of the PNPs. Pure poly(methylmethacrylate) (medium; PMMA PNPs) and poly(methylmethacrylate‐co‐stearylmethacrylate) copolymer (hydrophobic; ...
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Stability of alumina, ceria, and silica nanoparticles in municipal wastewater
Inorganic oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are used in semiconductor manufacturing operations such as wafer chemical–mechanical planarization (CMP). Understanding the stability of NPs in municipal wastewater is essential for the evaluation of the fate of NPs released to municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This study aimed to evaluate the stability of Al2O3, CeO2, and SiO2 NPs and CMP ...
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The role of solution chemistry in the stability and detachment of cohesive kaolinite particles
The effect of solution chemistry on the behavior of kaolinite in three different situations was investigated: (1) the detachment of kaolinite from glass beads in a fluidized bed, (2) the erosion of kaolinite deposits in a laboratory flume and (3) the determination of the stress-strain rate relationship of concentrated suspensions in a rheometer. The experimental results from these three different ...
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Working on a Love/Hate Relationship with the Surface Chemistry of Membrane Filters
Water, oils, and solvents sometimes need to be filtered. But when you see filters labeled as hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and now oleophobic; what does all this mean? Sterlitech currently offers membrane disc and sheet filters in 10 different polymer types and 4 inorganic filters. 2 of the polymer types are subdivided into 4 subgroups based on surface chemistry alone. Filters listed as ...
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Effects of surface functional groups of activated carbon on adsorption of triclosan from aqueous solution
We report adsorption of triclosan by using activated carbons as a potential method to improve the discharge water purification process. Commercially available activated carbons, P1300, Picazine HP and Hydrodarco C, display different levels of affinity for triclosan from aqueous solution. Surface chemistry of these adsorbents were modified via reduction, oxidation and nitridation, to improve and ...
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Influence of salinity, dissolved organic carbon and particle chemistry on the aggregation behaviour of methacrylate–based polymeric nanoparticles in aqueous environments
This study investigates the influence of salinity, dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentration, particle chemistry and particle concentration on the aggregation behaviour of methacrylate–based polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) in aquatic systems. Three PNPs with different chemical compositions were synthesised by mini–emulsion polymerisation using an ionic (sodium dodecyl sulphate; SDS) and a ...
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Self–organised growth of molecular arrays at surfaces
The autonomous ordering and assembly of atoms and molecules on atomically well–defined surfaces allow creating a wide range of surface nanostructures, opening an alternative bottom–up route to the traditional top–down fabrication methods of the microelectronics industry now approaching their fundamental limits. This review summarises some recent efforts of our team to grow molecular arrays on ...
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Carbon nanotube surface science
This paper presents a surface science perspective on sidewall functionalisation of carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes are varyingly described by physicists as extended solids or by organic chemists as molecules. As prototypical nanostructures, they are indeed a little bit of both. Their chemistry and resulting potential applications can only truly be appreciated by combining both perspectives. ...
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Treatment of textile industry effluents using orange waste: a proposal to reduce color and chemical oxygen demand
Various agricultural residues have been tested as biosorbents due to their low cost, high surface area, and favorable surface chemistry. In this work, a sweet orange albedo was tested as a biosorbent for treatment of real textile effluents. The orange albedo powder was prepared by drying the residue at 50 °C and milling to 30 mesh, and then used for dye adsorption from a alkaline (pH = 10.71) ...
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Polyparameter linear free energy relationship for wood char‐water sorption coefficients of organic sorbates
Black carbons (BCs), including soots, chars, activated carbons, and engineered nanocarbons, have different surface properties, but we do not know to what extent these affect their sorbent properties. To evaluate this for an environmentally ubiquitous form of BC, biomass char, we probed the surface of a well‐studied wood char using 14 sorbates exhibiting diverse functional groups and then fit ...
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