surface runoff Articles | Environmental XPRT

Surface Runoff

Surface runoff is the water flow that occurs when soil is infiltrated to full capacity and excess water from rain, snowmelt, or other sources flows over the land. This is a major component of the hydrologic cycle. Runoff that occurs on surfaces before reaching a channel is also called a nonpoint source. If a nonpoint source contains man-made contaminants, the runoff is called nonpoint source ...

Dec. 15, 2011

By IWA Publishing

Pollution of surface runoff from the territory of Brest, Belarus

The assessment of the influence of urban surface runoff on the quality of river water in the city of Brest was made. Surface runoff was studied in two phases (winter and summer) for the following parameters: pH, total suspended solids (TSS), concentration of chloride, nitrate, phosphate and ammonium ions, total oils. The results show that urban surface runoff is an important source of pollution ...

Apr. 8, 2015

By IWA Publishing

Rainfall and surface water resources of Rajasthan State, India

The water resources in Rajasthan State are facing a crucial stage even after average/good rainfall. Temporal distributions as well as the spatial variability of rainfall within the state were investigated by applying an analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. The effect of change in catchment characteristics and anthropogenic activities on overland flow are also investigated in this paper by ...

Sep. 14, 2015

By IWA Publishing

Urban Runoff

Urban runoff is surface runoff of rainwater created by urbanization. This runoff is a major source of water pollution in many parts of the United States and other urban communities worldwide. Continue reading the full article ...

Apr. 6, 2012

By IWA Publishing

Soil erosion in the riparian zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China

The riparian zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) has experienced substantial erosion that may severely deteriorate the reservoir ecosystem. To calculate soil erosion characteristics, field investigations have been conducted in the TGR area and 12 erosion-monitoring transects have been set in the middle TGR. The results showed that the dominating drive forces are water wave, gravity and ...

Mar. 19, 2015

By IWA Publishing

Urban climate change impact and Istanbul Water Consensus

Climate change impacts especially on major cities of the world are expected to cause inter–sectoral interactions concerning environmental, socio–economic, cultural, and technological developments and their implementations. This paper presents a methodology to predict future monthly rainfall amounts and surface runoff volumes on decadal basis from 2000–2050 and accordingly interpretation of ...

Apr. 29, 2013

By Inderscience Publishers

Comparison of Different Hydrograph Routing Techniques in XPSTORM Modelling Software

Abstract - A variety of routing techniques are available to develop surface runoff hydrographs from rainfall. The selection of runoff routing method is very vital as it is directly related to the type of watershed and the required degree of accuracy. There are different modelling softwares available to explore the rainfall-runoff process in urban areas. XPSTORM, a link-node based, integrated ...

Jan. 1, 2014

By Innovyze

Effects of hydrodynamically rough grassed waterways on dissolved reactive phosphorus loads coming from agricultural watersheds

Received for publication October 5, 2007. A modified type of grassed waterway (GWW) with large hydrodynamic roughness has proven ability to reduce sediment load and surface runoff under conditions where best management practices on the delivering fields reduce sediment inputs that could otherwise damage the grass cover. It is unknown how such a GWW affects the loading of surface runoff with ...

Mar. 1, 2009

By Soil Science Society of America (SSSA)

SARA – An enhanced curve number-based tool for estimating direct runoff

This paper introduces the Spatial Analysis of surface Runoff in ArcGis (SARA v1.0) interface to estimate curve number and runoff volume for hydrologic evaluations. This version runs in a vector platform as with other extensions of ArcGIS, introducing changes to the original Natural Resources Conservation Services-Curve Number method, and allowing adaptation to local conditions. The programming ...

Jun. 25, 2013

By IWA Publishing

A tiered watershed PCB runoff loading approach for unmonitored tributaries in a TMDL process

Runoff volume from unmonitored tributaries is estimated using three methods for the initial stage of the Delaware Estuary TMDL for Polychlorinated Biphenyls. The first is a simplified rainfall-runoff depth estimate determined from a modified rational formula approach. The second method uses runoff volumes from USGS streamflow gages in watersheds characteristic of the physiographic provinces and ...

Oct. 13, 2007

By Water Environment Federation (WEF)

Downscaling technique to estimate hydrologic vulnerability to climate change: an application to the Conchos River Basin, Mexico

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) suggests that vulnerability to climate change depends on three main factors: exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. Each factor was evaluated in a hydrologic context, for instance exposure was interpreted as a change in surface runoff. Factors were combined using a Geographic Information System (GIS) and an overall methodology to map ...

Dec. 13, 2013

By IWA Publishing

Legacy village shopping center embankment, Lyndhurst, Ohio - Case Study

PROJECT LOCATION:Lyndhurst, Ohio PROJECT SCOPE The Presto Geoweb® vegetated earth retention system, constructed on the back side of an upscale shopping center parking lot, provided a stable retaining wall that blends naturally with the wooded environment. The 400-ft. long x 25 ft. high (max. height) retention structure was required to accommodate the change-in-grade, stabilize the ...

Jun. 10, 2009

By Presto Geosystems

Long-Term Impacts of Land-Use Change on Non-Point Source Pollutant Loads for the St. Louis Metropolitan Area, USA

A land-use-change simulation model (LEAM) and a non-point-source (NPS) water quality model (L-THIA) were closely coupled as LEAMwq in order to determine the long-term implications of various degree of urbanization on NPS total nitrogen (TN), total suspended particles (TSP), and total phosphorus (TP) loads. A future land-use projection in the St. Louis metropolitan area from 2005 to 2030 using ...

Feb. 1, 2005

By Springer-Verlag GmbH

When Are Plain Gravel Surfaces Really Porous?

Invisible Structures, Inc. makes reinforcement structures for two forms of porous pavements – Grasspave2 and Gravelpave2. When project demands call for porous pavement, and construction budgets are tight, someone will usually suggest that plain old gravel will work just as well, and cost less money. Is this suggestion true? Historical Gravel Pavements are not Porous Traditional methods ...

Jun. 28, 2011

By Invisible Structures, Inc.

Stormwater

Stormwater is a term used to describe water that originates during precipitation events. It may also be used to apply to water that originates with snowmelt or runoff water from overwatering that enters the stormwater system. Stormwater that does not soak into the ground becomes surface runoff, which either flows directly into ...

Apr. 6, 2012

By IWA Publishing

Biofilter

Biofiltration is a pollution control technique using living material to capture and biologically degrade process pollutants. Common uses include processing waste water, capturing harmful chemicals or silt from surface runoff, and microbiotic oxidation of contaminants in air. Continue reading the full ...

Apr. 5, 2012

By IWA Publishing

Information Network Topologies for Enhanced Local Adaptive Management

A land-use-change simulation model (LEAM) and a non-point-source (NPS) water quality model (L-THIA) were closely coupled as LEAMwq in order to determine the long-term implications of various degree of urbanization on NPS total nitrogen (TN), total suspended particles (TSP), and total phosphorus (TP) loads. A future land-use projection in the St. Louis metropolitan area from 2005 to 2030 using ...

Feb. 1, 2005

By Springer-Verlag GmbH

An integrated modeling approach to predict flooding on urban basin - Case Study

Introduction: Flooding on urban basins is intensifying due to rapid urbanization. Flooding primarily occurs because of drainage congestion of inland flow and/or over bank flow of river during severe rainfall event. Rapid urbanization is causing a major change in rainfall-runoff phenomenon and the drainage system as well. The overland flow pattern is becoming complex due to huge structural ...

Mar. 2, 2012

By Innovyze

Porous pavement application overview - Case Study

The permeable Geoweb® Solution As communities grow and experience increases in surface runoff from newly constructed buildings and hard parking surfaces, the capacity of existing stormwater runoff systems are often pushed beyond their limits. This problem has led to environmental regulations that require the use of stormwater retention and porous pavement systems. The Geoweb® system ...

Jun. 8, 2009

By Presto Geosystems

Effects of hydrology and field management on phosphorus transport in surface runoff

Received for publication December 5, 2008. Phosphorus (P) losses from agricultural landscapes arise from the interaction of hydrologic, edaphic, and management factors, complicated by their spatial and temporal variability. We monitored sites along two agricultural hillslopes to assess the effects of field management and hydrology on P transfers in surface runoff at different landscape positions. ...

Dec. 1, 2009

By Soil Science Society of America (SSSA)

Subscribe to our eBulletins