surface water sampling Articles
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Sensitive nanosilver-based spectrophotometric determination of Brilliant Blue FCF in surface water samples
An accurate method was developed for the determination of Brilliant Blue FCF, a synthetic soluble colorant, in environmental samples. The method is based on the catalytic effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the oxidation of Brilliant Blue FCF by hexacyanoferrate(III) in acetate–acetic acid medium at room temperature. Linearity of around four orders in the magnitude of concentration ...
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Choosing the appropriate TOC analyzer for your application?
Abstract In choosing a Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analyzer, among the many factors that need to be given consideration are not only the current instruments and their accessories available on the market, but specifically to their method of sample oxidation in relation to the sample matrix. Different oxidation techniques may affect the analytical data due to the components within the sample ...
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Activity concentration and dose estimation of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs in drinking water of selected areas of Punjab, Pakistan
Radioactivity of naturally occurring (226Ra, 232Th and 40K) and anthropogenic (137Cs) radioactive nuclides was measured in 29 potable ground and surface water samples of Punjab, Pakistan. The results showed average activity concentrations for 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs as 1.09, 0.55, 16.17 and 0.40 Bql−1, respectively. 137Cs was detected in only a few samples. The obtained results showed ...
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Characterisation of antimony, arsenic, cadmium, copper and tin occurrences at an abandoned sulphide-mining area
Contamination levels in top-soil, vascular plant and surface water samples from the Sao Domingos mining area, Portugal, were determined by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and Compton-Suppression Neutron Activation Analysis (CSNAA). The total levels of As, Cd, Cu, Sb and Sn are reported with a discussion of plant uptake and transfer coefficients. Comparative analysis of the same ...
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Adenovirus, enterovirus and thermotolerant coliforms in recreational waters from Lake Guaíba beaches, Porto Alegre, Brazil
In the present study, molecular detection of human adenoviruses (HAdV) and enteroviruses (EV) was performed in surface water samples collected from beaches Ipanema and Lami, located on the shores of Lake Guaíba, city of Porto Alegre, RS, southern Brazil. Furthermore, water safety was evaluated by counting thermotolerant coliforms (TC), following local government regulations. A total of 36 ...
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Investigation into the bacterial pollution levels at various sites along the Diep and Plankenburg river systems, 3 Western Cape, South Africa
This study sought to investigate and compare bacterial contamination levels at six different sites along the Diep and Plankenburg river systems in the Western Cape, South Africa. Surface water and sediment samples were collected monthly from the six selected sampling sites along both river courses between January 2014 and December 2014 and were evaluated for bacterial contaminants. Microbial ...
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Comparison of the role of attachment, aggregation and internalisation of microorganisms in UVC and UVA (solar) disinfection
In this comparative study, the impact of two microbial protective mechanisms against simulated UVA disinfection was assessed by using protocols previously developed for UVC disinfection assays. (i) The impact of natural microorganism aggregation and attachment to particles was assessed by targeting total coliform bacteria in natural surface water samples. (ii) The impact of bacteria ...
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Relationships between pH, colour and heavy metal concentrations in the Tinto and Odiel rivers (southwest Spain)
The relationships between pH, colour, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd and sulphates in surface water samples collected from the Tinto and Odiel Rivers (southwest Spain) have been studied. These rivers are adversely affected by the inputs of acid and heavy metals due to Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). Samples were collected from both rivers on a monthly sampling basis from 1995 to 2001. The analytical results showed ...
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Using nanometer TiO2 modified with cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide for separation and preconcentration of Parathion in water sample
In this work, nanometer TiO2 modified by cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) was used as adsorbent for solid-phase extraction (SPE) of Parathion in environmental water samples. Adsorbed Parathion was then desorbed with different eluents and determined by gas chromatography (GC)/flame ionization detection. Greater selectivity, resolution, and sensitivity have been seen by GC compared with ...
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Microbial reporter gene assay as a diagnostic and early warning tool for the detection and characterization of toxic pollution in surface waters
Surface water samples constantly receive a vast mixture of micropollutants mainly originating from waste water treatment plants (WWTPs). High throughput live cell arrays provide a promising method for the characterization of the effects of chemicals and the associated molecular mechanisms. In the present study this test system was evaluated for the first time for the characterization of a set ...
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Effective dose owing to dissolved 222Rn in potable water of coastal Karnataka in the southwest coast of India
This paper discusses the results of the systematic measurement of activity concentration of 222Rn in groundwater and surface water samples of two major rivers of coastal Karnataka, namely, Kali and Sharavathi. Water radon concentrations were measured using an Alpha Guard PQ2000Pro (Genitron GmbH) equipped with an appropriate unit (AquaKIT), following a protocol proposed by the manufacturer. ...
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Research of waste dump water mutagenicity of bacterial detection system SOS chromotest
The paper deals with a possible use of the bacterial detection system of SOS chromotest to test mutagenicity of waste dump water checking the mutagenicity degree on real samples from Praksice waste dump, which is a controlled waste dump with mixed industrial, municipal and inert wastes. The waste dump surface water samples were taken from a no-name influent stream springing below the waste dump ...
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Long-term effect of a simple storage protocol on fluorescence fingerprint of dissolved organic matter
Fitting a pre-established region-specific Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) model to new dissolved organic matter (DOM) samples has become a popular approach in DOM studies. A key step during the development of the pre-established model is to identify the fluorescence fingerprint, i.e. the number of fluorescent DOM (FDOM) components as well as their excitation and emission spectral features. ...
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Molecular characterisation of hepatitis A virus strains from water sources in South Africa
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) strains found in selected South African (SA) surface waters were characterised to establish what HAV types are circulating in the environment, thus reflecting circulation in the surrounding communities. Surface water samples used for irrigation or domestic purposes, and water samples from the outflow of wastewater plants were collected from six provinces. Viruses were ...
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Evaluation of xenobiotic impact on urban receiving waters by means of statistical methods
Xenobiotics in urban receiving waters are an emerging problem. A sound knowledge of xenobiotic input, distribution and fate in the aquatic environment is a prerequisite for risk assessments. Methods to assess the impact of xenobiotics on urban receiving waters should address the diverse characteristics of the target compounds and the spatiotemporal variability of concentrations. Here, we present ...
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Examining impacts of current‐use pesticides in Southern Ontario using in situ exposures of the amphipod Hyalella azteca
In situ exposures with Hyalella azteca were used to assess impacts of current‐use pesticides in Southern Ontario, Canada. Exposures were conducted over 2 growing seasons within areas of high pesticide use: 1 site on Prudhomme Creek, and 3 sites on Twenty Mile Creek. Three sites on Spencer Creek, an area of low pesticide use, were added in the second season. Surface water samples were collected ...
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Rapid and specific detection of
Salmonella in water samples using real-time PCR and High Resolution Melt (HRM) curve analysisA real-time PCR assay combined with a pre-enrichment step for the specific and rapid detection of Salmonella in water samples is described. Following amplification of the invA gene target, High Resolution Melt (HRM) curve analysis was used to discriminate between products formed and to positively identify invA amplification. The real-time PCR assay was evaluated for specificity and sensitivity. ...
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Impact of gypsum applied to grass buffer strips on reducing soluble p in surface water runoff
The threat of P transport from land applied manure has resulted in water quality concerns. Research was conducted to evaluate gypsum as a soil amendment applied to grass buffer strips for reducing soluble P in surface runoff. A simulated concentrated flow was created in an established tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) pasture. Poultry litter (PL) was applied at a rate of 250 kg N ha–1 to ...
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Enteric viruses in surface water and sediment samples from the catchment area of Peri Lagoon, Santa Catarina State, Brazil
This paper aims to quantify human adenovirus (HAdV), rotavirus species A (RVA), and hepatitis A virus (HAV) in surface water and sediments and to determine the viability of HAdV in these samples. Water and sediment samples were collected, and HAdV, RVA, and HAV were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR); HAdV was also evaluated for infectivity by a plaque assay (PA). For the ...
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Application of quantitative real-time PCR compared to filtration methods for the enumeration of Escherichia coli in surface waters within Vietnam
Surface water samples in Vietnam were collected from the Saigon River, rural and suburban canals, and urban runoff canals in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, and were processed to enumerate Escherichia coli. Quantification was done through membrane filtration and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Mean log colony-forming unit (CFU)/100 ml E. coli counts in the dry season for ...
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