trihalomethane precursor Articles
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Disinfection byproduct formation potentials of wetlands, agricultural drains, and rivers and the effect of biodegradation on
Received for publication January 12, 2009. Trihalomethane (THM) precursors are a significant problem in the San Joaquin River (SJR) watershed, an important source of drinking water for >20 million people. Trihalomethane precursors diminish drinking water quality and are formed during natural decomposition of organic matter in aquatic systems. This study sought to identify sources of ...
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Disinfection byproduct formation potentials of wetlands, agricultural drains, and rivers and the effect of biodegradation on trihalomethane precursors
Trihalomethane (THM) precursors are a significant problem in the San Joaquin River (SJR) watershed, an important source of drinking water for >20 million people. Trihalomethane precursors diminish drinking water quality and are formed during natural decomposition of organic matter in aquatic systems. This study sought to identify sources of chlorine-reactive dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in ...
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Using HPSEC to identify NOM fraction removal and the correlation with disinfection by-product precursors
In this study high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) was used to compare an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane and alum coagulation for their capacity to remove different fractions of natural organic matter (NOM) from water. At the same time, the removal of disinfection by-product (DBP) precursors, as measured by trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) and haloacetic acid ...
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NOM reactivity with chlorine in low SUVA water
Natural organic matter (NOM) in surface water with low specific UV absorbance in Tianjin, China, was fractionated using XAD resins and ultra-filtration membranes into different groups based on hydrophobicity and molecular weight (MW), respectively. The effects of the pre-chlorination process on each fraction were also studied. The hydrophilic acid (HPIA) fraction was the main organic component of ...
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Trihalomethanes and haloacetic acid species from the chlorination of algal organic matter and bromide
Bromide and algal pollution are important factors influencing disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation and speciation in reservoir water in coastal areas. In this study, the chlorination of model algal cellular compounds (bovine serum albumin, fish oil and starch), Microcystis aeruginosa and its extra-cellular organic matter (EOM) were conducted in the absence and presence of bromide. The main aim ...
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Engineered biofiltration for ultrafiltration fouling mitigation and disinfection by-product precursor control
A pilot-scale study was conducted to evaluate the impact of several biofiltration enhancement strategies in terms of organic removal to reduce disinfection by-product (DBP) formation potential and mitigate ultrafiltration (UF) fouling. Strategies included nutrient addition (nitrogen and phosphorus) to optimize metabolic degradation of organics, use of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, peroxide) to ...
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Correlations between surrogate nitrogenous organic precursors and C-, N-DBP formation
Nitrosamines have been emerging as disinfection byproducts in drinking water using source water impacted with domestic wastewaters. Nitrogenous organic compounds are suggested as precursors of nitrosamines, but many of them have not been identified. This study investigated the correlations between nine selected nitrogenous organic compounds with different characteristics and corresponding ...
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Impact of operational parameters on biofiltration performance: organic carbon removal and effluent turbidity
The objectives of this pilot-scale study were to optimize backwash frequency and empty bed contact time (EBCT) of biofilters treating ozonated surface water from Lake Ontario. Performance was benchmarked in terms of the reduction of turbidity, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), disinfection by-product (DBP) precursors, and ultrafiltration foulants (biopolymers). Increasing the EBCT from 4 to 8 ...
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Optimization of total trihalomethanes' (TTHMs) and their precursors' removal by granulated activated carbon (GAC) and sand dual media by response surface methodology (RSM)
A response surface methodology (RSM) applying central composite design with rotatable full factorial (14 non-center and six center points) was used to discern the effect of granular activated carbon (GAC), sand and pH on total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) and humic acid (HA) removal from drinking water. Results showed efficient TTHMs and HA removal by GAC while a sand column showed little effect ...
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Removal of natural organic matter and trihalomethane formation potential in a full-scale drinking water treatment plant
A multidisciplinary approach was applied in this work to characterise natural organic matter and evaluate the performance of a full-scale waterworks treating organic-rich surface water. It was shown that the combination of the treatment processes considered efficiently removed the dissolved organic matter, including its specific fractions. Most of the dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen (DOC ...
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Case Study: Source Water Monitoring Improves WTP Process Control
With over 200 installations across Ireland, Real Tech in partnership with Glan Agua, are helping to improve process control and drinking water quality. Simple and affordable real-time UV254 organics analyzers from Real Tech are enabling plants to rapidly detect organic fluctuations in raw water and take action to ensure effective removal is achieved. Background UV254 provides one of the best ...
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