tunnel air Articles
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Measurements, model simulations and reduction of CO concentrations inside an urban road tunnel in Milan
A programme to improve the air quality inside the road tunnels of the Italian city of Milan has involved three steps: 1) evaluation of the air pollution levels inside some tunnels; 2) planning an air improvement project for one tunnel, supported by effectiveness evaluation; 3) implementation of this project. The characterisation of the air quality was carried out by measuring the typical traffic ...
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Wind Tunnel Balance System for Vehicle Aerodynamic Developments
In vehicle development steps, optimization of aerodynamic properties is often carried out in wind tunnel facilities. The vehicle is placed upon the measuring platform of the balance. The wind tunnel balance now allows the precise measurement of six forces and moments induced by the air flow. The HORIBA wind tunnel balance system can be equipped with a moving ground system which makes the air flow ...
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Cooling and heating potential of earth-air tunnel heat exchanger (EATHE) for non-air-conditioned building
A numerical model to predict energy conservation potential of earth-air heat exchanger system and passive thermal performance of building has been developed. This model improves upon previous studies by incorporating effects of ground temperature gradient, surface conditions, moisture content and various design aspects of earth-air-tunnel heat exchanger (EATHE). The model is based on ...
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Modelling concentration fluctuations for operational purposes
We investigated the two first moments of the concentration distribution from a point source release thanks to wind tunnel measurements. The results were analysed with the statistical model from Yee et al. (1994). This model requires two parameters related to the larger scale velocity fluctuations and to the concentration variability due to smaller scale fluctuations respectively. A robust ...
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Gaseous pollutant dispersion around urban-canopy elements: wind tunnel case studies
There is an evident lack of reliable and detailed in situ measurement data for verifying numerical predictions of atmospheric dispersion in the urban environment on sub-meso scales. Wind-tunnel studies of dispersion around typical elements of the urban canopy (isolated buildings, groups of buildings, street canyons) could provide valuable substitutes for field datasets. They can achieve a high ...
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A comparison of wind-tunnel experiments and computational simulations of dispersion in the environs of buildings
A comparison is made between wind-tunnel experiments and computer (CFD) simulations of the dispersion of buoyant and dense gas releases, close to one or more buildings. The simulations were undertaken on a work-station platform, using a standard commercial CFD code, and were subject to realistic constraints on run-times and model sizes. Good agreement is found for the simplest case, although it ...
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Emission Monitoring in Tunnel - Case Study
Overview With the massive influx of Pilgrims to Mecca every year, the Abdul Aziz Tunnel in Jeddah faces excessive pollution during the holy month of Ramadan. The authorities thus had to equip the tunnel with air monitoring devices to monitor the pollution level. Oizom stationed Polludrone throughout the tunnel to observe the vehicular emission. The analyzed data helped the authorities to ...
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Particulate matter and particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Dapu road tunnel in Shanghai
Airborne Particulate Matter (PM) was collected in a cross-river road tunnel using portable air samplers and a cascade impactor. Sixteen EPA priority Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in the PM were quantified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Profiles and diagnostic ratios of PAHs were investigated, and size distribution of PM mass and PAHs were discussed. High concentrations of PM2.5 ...
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Comparing the impact of a road tunnel vs. a road viaduct by means of an integrated exposure assessment
Using the MOBILEE methodology, we performed a detailed air quality assessment for three scenarios for the ring road around Antwerp, a major city in Belgium, using PM10 and NOx emission inventories for 2003 (reference) and 2015 (projected future situation), followed by an assessment of the exposure of the population living in the vicinity of the planned constructions. PM10 turned out to be the ...
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The all NEW TunnelTech 305 Air Flow Monitor
With over 30 years’ experience in the tunnelling market, CODEL are excited to have recently launched the 6th generation single point flow monitor utilising the very latest ultrasonic technology. CODEL’s tunnel monitoring products simplify the challenge of sourcing, installing and maintaining a highly accurate and reliable tunnel monitoring solution. The TunnelTech 305 offers low ...
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Local mass transfer coefficients over idealised two–dimensional urban street canyons
In view of the large number of urban inhabitants, ventilation and pollutant transport in urban areas are major research problems for several decades. This paper focuses on the studies of the correlation between the ventilation and pollutant removal over idealised two–dimensional urban street canyons using wind tunnel experiments in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong ...
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Effect of roughness inhomogeneities on the development of the urban boundary layer
Wind tunnel measurements over a regular array of cubes were carried out to investigate the influence of surface inhomogeneities on the development of the urban boundary layer. Two idealised cases were investigated. The first one was in terms of a strong step change in roughness from very smooth to very rough with a low turbulent approach flow and a thin approach boundary layer. For this case it ...
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Dispersion modelling near tunnel exits: simulation and measurements
Measurements of car exhaust gases were made in May/June 1995 in the vicinity of the Bielefeld tunnel. CO and NOx from car exhausts were measured to allow comparison with a model simulation. Ozone was also measured. These measurements were made using commercial continuous analysers. A valve control system was used to investigate the dispersion of the trace gases. This allowed measurements at ...
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PureAire O2 Monitor for Food Manufacturing Tunnel/Freezers with N2 and CO2: Using a 10 Year No Calibration Sensor
For flash freezing nothing beats a liquid nitrogen or carbon dioxide immersion or tunnel style freezer for efficiency, overall performance, and cost savings. If you haven't yet switched to an immersion freezer, doing so now could position you to better compete in your market segment and save money over time. Learn more about why these freezers are a must for frozen food manufacturers. Immersion ...
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24 hours per day real-time groundwater data during dewatering and stress handling - Case Study
Project Widening of motorway A9 Gaasperdammerweg – Amsterdam Client Van Kessel Bronbemaling Principals Van Kessel Bronbemaling by order of Visser & Smit Hanab. Visser & Smit Hanab implements the project commissioned by Rijkswaterstaat. Country The Netherlands Background and objective of the project Widening the A9 Gaasperdammerweg into 2 x 5 lanes and digging a 3 ...
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Air Pollution Monitoring in Tunnels and Parking Lots
Thousands of miles long tunnels support transportation of millions of vehicles around the world. Tunnels are crucial road infrastructure, especially in mountainous regions. They save a lot of time and fuel and provide reliable rail and road transportation in all seasons. Incessantly increasing vehicular congestion results in the construction of underground parking facilities. With ever-increasing ...
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Case study - MBT Wrexham
Planning, delivery, installation, commissioning, testing and turnkey delivery of a plant for mechanical-biological treatment of municipal waste. Customer: FCC Environment Throughput: (50,000 Mg/a): 33,500 Mg/a Household waste and 16,500 Mg/a Commercial waste Commissioning: March/April 2015 Mechanical treatment: Shredder Screendrum Ballistic separator Ferrous-separator ...
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A Lagrangian dispersion model with chemical reactions
A Lagrangian stochastic (single particle) model is modified in order to account for simple chemistry reactions and tested against measured wind tunnel data. These data refers to a reactive plume generated by a single point source of NO inside a turbulent grid flow doped with ozone. The comparisons were made at different distances from the emission considering all the substances involved in the ...
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Location of Low-cost Sensor-based Air Quality Monitoring Devices
Monitoring the pollutant concentration is fundamentally important to develop and evaluate pollution control strategies. It enables us to understand the trend and extent of pollution by identifying pollution sources, and thereby indicating where more efforts are needed. It is important to ensure that the measured air quality provides adequate and accurate information. One of the key factors ...
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Development of a low-rise industrial source dispersion model
In Japan, with amendment of the Air Pollution Control Law in May 1996, various substances, including benzene and trichloroethylene, were newly designated as hazardous air pollutants, and environmental standards were established. In this situation, it is necessary to develop a dispersion model that is applicable to environmental impact assessment of industrial areas with a complex of factory ...
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