urban air quality Articles
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A Guide On Urban Air Quality
Our atmosphere is dynamic. Biological, physical and chemical processes contribute to ‘clean air’, a gas mix which is remarkably well balanced for life and free of toxic gases and particulates. Oxygen is at as high a concentration as enables aerobic organisms such as us to breath easily, whilst not so high as to cause unquenchable forest fires. Carbon ...
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Urban Air Quality Management
' Poor air quality due to pollution is a serious environmental problem in most urban areas. The greatest burden of pollution is on human health. Urban air quality management requires an integrated approach that (i) identifies the most serious problems and measures that offer cost-effective and feasible solutions across a range of economic sectors and pollution sources including industries, ...
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Towards use of grids in environmental research, management and policy
The emerging technology of the grid will enable distributed "virtual organisations" to flexibly share resources including data, software, hardware and expertise. Potential applications in urban air quality illustrate that in addition to underpinning scientific research, grid technology can contribute strongly to environmental monitoring, decision-making and policy-making. Amongst factors that ...
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History of Air Pollution in the UK
Concern about urban air quality is not new. Complaints were recorded in the 13th century when coal was first used in London. Since the middle of the 19th century, the atmosphere of the major British cities was regularly polluted by coal smoke in winter, giving rise to an infamous mixture of fog and smoke known as smog. Today the emphasis has shifted from the pollution problems caused by industry ...
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Predicting NOx levels in urban areas using two different dispersion models
Currently the UK Meteorological Office provides a 48-hour NOx forecast using a box model (BOXURB). This study investigates how a more sophisticated dispersion model, NAME, compares with BOXURB and with routine NOx "background" measurements within ten urban areas in the UK over a six month period. The results show encouraging similarities between the two models and the measurements. In ...
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Urban air quality gas detection
Our atmosphere is dynamic. Biological, physical and chemical processes contribute to ‘clean air’, a gas mix which is remarkably well balanced for life and free of toxic gases and particulates. Oxygen is at as high a concentration as enables aerobic organisms such as us to breath easily, whilst not so high as to cause unquenchable forest fires. Carbon dioxide is plentiful enough for ...
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History of Air Pollution in the UK
Introduction Concern about urban air quality is not new. Complaints were recorded in the 13th century when coal was first used in London. Since the middle of the 19th century, the atmosphere of the major British cities was regularly polluted by coal smoke in winter, giving rise to an infamous mixture of fog and smoke known as smog. Today the emphasis has shifted from the pollution problems ...
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Collocation study
South Coast Science is conducting an ongoing collocation study, comparing the output of its Praxis/Urban air quality monitoring devices with the output of reference equipment. The study began in January 2019, and is a partnership between South Coast Science and Ricardo Energy & Environment. To-date, it covers three sites which are all part of the UK government AURN network. Two sites are ...
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The seasonal variation of urban air quality in northern European conditions
Meteorological conditions in northern Europe vary widely with the seasons. Consequently, the seasonal variation of urban air pollution is, to a large extent, determined by those meteorological variables which are important for air quality. We present first results on the yearly variation of atmospheric stability (and the occurrence of inversion layers), wind velocity, ambient temperature, solar ...
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An integrated strategy for urban Air Quality Management in India
An integrated strategy for urban Air Quality Management adopts a hierarchical approach – graduating from micro to macro-level management of the problem. The paper provides a conceptual framework, and analyses it in the Indian context through energy-environment modelling and local-level studies. The key insights from the analysis are: technology transfers from developed countries promote ...
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Using ADMS models for Air Quality Assessment and Management in China
Many cities and regions are undertaking studies of air quality in cities to determine both the current state of the environment and the effect of future economic and environmental strategies in order to manage local air quality. Often these studies are driven by legislation such as the European Union requirement to model agglomerations or the Chinese requirements to study air quality capacity and ...
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Clean air cities: Innovative approaches to improving air quality in urban settings
TL;DR - Air quality tends to be worse in urban areas where pollution sources like power generation, vehicle traffic, and construction contribute to high pollution levels. Particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide are major pollutants of concern when it comes to urban air quality, and both have significant negative health consequences. In order to combat urban air pollution, a variety of innovative ...
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MCERTS for Praxis/Urban Air Quality Monitor
South Coast Science’s Praxis/Urban has now been awarded MCERTS for indicative measurement of dust in ambient air (PM2.5 and PM10). You can see the list of certified devices on the CSA website here, you can also view our certificate which includes notes on the product and its usage. The certification process is also underway for the Praxis/Cube and it’s anticipated that full MCERTS ...
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Modelling urban air quality using artificial neural network
This paper describes the development of artificial neural network-based vehicular exhaust emission models for predicting 8-h average carbon monoxide concentrations at two air quality control regions (AQCRs) in the city of Delhi, India, viz. a typical traffic intersection (AQCR1) and a typical arterial road (AQCR2). Maximum of ten meteorological and six traffic characteristic variables have been ...
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Urban air quality sensors: More information, better quality of life in cities
The city of Donostia-San Sebastián seeks to make the most of all the advantages derived from ICT technologies. From an air quality perspective, the periods of high pollution are unusual, since its coastal location facilitates the dispersion of pollutants. This city holds a network of 6 monitoring stations which belong to the Basque Government Air Quality Network, which ...
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Development of a GIS-based urban air quality modelling system for transport-related pollution
In recent years motor vehicles have become the dominant source of air pollution in metropolitan areas. Hence, the assessment of transport-related air quality is of major concern to policymakers and municipal planners. This paper describes an urban air quality modelling system for evaluating the environmental effects of transport related air pollution. A preliminary evaluation of the model has ...
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An application of ventilation efficiency concepts to the analysis of building density effects on urban flow and pollutant concentration
This paper is devoted to the study of flow and pollutant dispersion within different urban configurations by means of wind tunnel experiments and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. The influence of the building packing density was evaluated in terms of ventilation efficiency. We found that air entering the array through the lateral sides and that leaving through the street roofs ...
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An ambient air quality monitoring network for Buenos Aires city
This paper proposes an objective methodology for designing a multi-pollutant urban air-quality monitoring network to detect concentrations greater than reference concentration levels (CL). The network design includes both air quality simulation and an objective analysis based on monitoring tasks. The proposed methodology is applied to the city of Buenos Aires. Pollutants of concern are nitrogen ...
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Source apportionment of PM2.5 in urban areas using multiple linear regression as an inverse modelling technique
One method to assess the source contribution of particulate matter to urban air quality is through inverse modelling where emissions are estimated using dispersion models and monitoring data. In this paper, a straightforward inverse modelling method, using Multiple Linear Regression, is described and applied to the urban area of Oslo for PM2.5. The results of the inverse modelling method are ...
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Different types of urban air quality monitoring locations
The 2008/50/EC Directive’s sampling point requirement introduces and examines the main question of when air pollutants should be measured. The Directive further examines different types of urban air quality monitoring locations: where should these monitoring stations be located and what is the requirement of the monitoring locations? Read on more to learn about the different monitoring ...
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