Showing results for: urban drainage model Articles
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Impacts of climate change on rainfall extremes and urban drainage systems: a review
A review is made of current methods for assessing future changes in urban rainfall extremes and their effects on urban drainage systems, due to anthropogenic-induced climate change. The review concludes that in spite of significant advances there are still many limitations in our understanding of how to describe precipitation patterns in a changing climate in order to design and operate urban ...
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Past, present, and future design of urban drainage systems with focus on Danish experiences
Climate change will influence the water cycle substantially, and extreme precipitation will become more frequent in many regions in the years to come. How should this fact be incorporated into design of urban drainage systems, if at all? And how important is climate change compared to other changes over time? Based on an analysis of the underlying key drivers of changes that are expected to ...
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Analysing urban floods and combined sewer overflows in a changing climate
Climate change is expected to lead to an increased frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events. For urban drainage, the primary adverse effects are more frequent and severe sewer overloading and flooding in urban areas, and higher discharges through combined sewer overflows (CSO). For assessing the possible effects of climate change, urban drainage models are run with ...
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Urban drainage system planning and design – challenges with climate change and urbanization: a review
Urban drainage systems are in general failing in their functions mainly due to non-stationary climate and rapid urbanization. As these systems are becoming less efficient, issues such as sewer overflows and increase in urban flooding leading to surge in pollutant loads to receiving water bodies are becoming pervasive rapidly. A comprehensive investigation is required to understand these factors ...
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Flood control in an urban drainage system using a linear controller
Effective management of floods in densely populated urban areas poses a great challenge. Computer modeling plays an important role in appropriate management of urban drainage systems. In this study an effort has been made to develop an efficient urban drainage model in which hydraulic results obtained from the developed SWMM model have been linked with a Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) ...
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Multi-objective rehabilitation of urban drainage systems under uncertainties
Urban drainage systems are subject to many drivers which can affect their performance and functioning. Typically, climate change, urbanisation and population growth along with aging of pipes may lead to uncontrollable discharges and surface flooding. So far, many researchers and practitioners concerned with optimal design and rehabilitation of urban drainage systems have applied deterministic ...
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Performance assessment of separate and combined sewer systems in metropolitan areas in southern China
To assess the performance of urban drainage systems in metropolitan areas in southern China, 12 urban drainage systems, including nine separate sewer systems (SSSs) and three combined sewer systems (CSSs) were monitored from 2008 to 2012 in Shanghai and Hefei. Illicit connection rates of SSS were determined. The results indicate that serious illicit connections exist for most SSSs. Annual ...
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Cascade vulnerability for risk analysis of water infrastructure
One of the major tasks in urban water management is failure-free operation for at least most of the time. Accordingly, the reliability of the network systems in urban water management has a crucial role. The failure of a component in these systems impacts potable water distribution and urban drainage. Therefore, water distribution and urban drainage systems are categorized as critical ...
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Water balance: case study of a constructed wetland as part of the bio-ecological drainage system (BIOECODS)
The Bio-ecological Drainage System, or BIOECODS, is an urban drainage system located at the Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia. It consists of a constructed wetland as a part of the urban drainage system to carry storm water in a closed system. In this closed system, the constructed wetland was designed particularly for further treatment of storm water. For the purpose of studying the ...
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Real-time urban flood forecasting and modelling – a state of the art
All urban drainage networks are designed to manage a maximum rainfall. This situation implies an accepted flood risk for any greater rainfall event. This risk is often underestimated as factors such as city growth and climate change are ignored. But even major structural changes cannot guarantee that urban drainage networks would cope with all future rain events. Thus, being able to forecast ...
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The management of urban surface water flood risks: SUDS performance in flood reduction from extreme events
The need to improve the urban drainage network to meet recent urban growth and the redevelopment of old industrial and commercial areas provides an opportunity for managing urban surface water infrastructure in a more sustainable way. The use of sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) can reduce urban surface water flooding as well as the pollution impact of urban discharges on receiving ...
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Real-time forecasting urban drainage models: full or simplified networks?
Lead time between rainfall prediction results and flood prediction results obtained by hydraulic simulations is one of the crucial factors in the implementation of real-time flood forecasting systems. Therefore, hydraulic simulation times must be as short as possible, with sufficient spatial and temporal flood distribution modelling accuracy. One of the ways to reduce the time required to run ...
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Cost benefit analysis
Flooding protection measures are often expensive. A cost benefit analysis can help to prioritise flood protection measures. Within the SAWA project an approach for cost benefit analysis (CBA) of flooding protection was developed (find the description under case studies below). In the following, some aspects to consider making a CBA are shown and some difficulties are pointed out. Compared with ...
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Receiving water quality assessment: comparison between simplified and detailed integrated urban modelling approaches
Urban water quality management often requires use of numerical models allowing the evaluation of the cause–effect relationship between the input(s) (i.e. rainfall, pollutant concentrations on catchment surface and in sewer system) and the resulting water quality response. The conventional approach to the system (i.e. sewer system, wastewater treatment plant and receiving water body), considering ...
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An integrated approach for urban water quality assessment
This paper introduces an integrated approach for the assessment of receiving water quality and the relative contribution of the urban drainage system to perceived receiving water quality problems. The approach combines mass balances with relatively simple receiving water impact models. The research project has learned that the urban drainage system is only one of the determining factors with ...
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Urban drainage models – simplifying uncertainty analysis for practitioners
There is increasing awareness about uncertainties in the modelling of urban drainage systems and, as such, many new methods for uncertainty analyses have been developed. Despite this, all available methods have limitations which restrict their widespread application among practitioners. Here, a modified Monte-Carlo based method is presented that reduces the subjectivity inherent in typical ...
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Estimation of combined sewer overflow discharge: a software sensor approach based on local water level measurements
Combined sewer overflow (CSO) structures are constructed to effectively discharge excess water during heavy rainfall, to protect the urban drainage system from hydraulic overload. Consequently, most CSO structures are not constructed according to basic hydraulic principles for ideal measurement weirs. It can, therefore, be a challenge to quantify the discharges from CSOs. Quantification of ...
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Automatic, semi-automatic and manual validation of urban drainage data
Advances in sensor technology and the possibility of automated long distance data transmission have made continuous measurements the preferable way of monitoring urban drainage processes. Usually, the collected data have to be processed by an expert in order to detect and mark the wrong data, remove them and replace them with interpolated data. In general, the first step in detecting the wrong, ...
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Dropshaft cascades in urban drainage systems
Dropshaft cascades are typical elements of sewer systems in steep urban catchment basins. The design of a dropshaft cascade, which is generally addressed as an optimization problem, also needs to consider the subsequent effects induced on the flow by the different elements of the cascade. Experimental research has been performed at the hydraulic engineering laboratory of the University of ...
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Enumeration of sulphate-reducing bacteria for assessing potential for hydrogen sulphide production in urban drainage systems
Urban drainage structures have increasing demands which can lead to increasing hydrogen sulphide related problems forming in places where they have not previously been prevalent. This puts pressure on the methods currently used to monitor and diagnose these problems and more sophisticated methods may be needed for identifying the origin of the problems. Molecular microbiological techniques, ...
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