urban stormwater Articles
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In search of effective bioassessment of urban stormwater pond sediments: enhancing the ‘sediment quality triad’ approach with oligochaete metrics
Stormwater ponds have been widely used to control increased volumes and rates of surface runoff resulting from urbanization. As receiving waters, they are under the influence of intermittent pollution from urban wet-weather discharges. Meanwhile they offer new aquatic habitats balancing the transformation of initial ecosystems and their associated biodiversity. Bioassessment of stormwater ...
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Linking the management of urban watersheds with the impacts on the receiving water bodies: the use of flow duration curves
There is growing evidence that changes in the current hydrological behaviour of urbanising catchments are a major source of impacts on the downstream water bodies. However, current flow-rates are rarely considered in studies on urban stormwater management, usually focused on extreme flow-rates. We argue that taking into account receiving water bodies is possible with relatively small ...
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The urban stormwater farm
Currently more than 3 billion people live in urban areas. The urban population is predicted to increase by a further 3 billion by 2,050. Rising oil prices, unreliable rainfall and natural disasters have all contributed to a rise in global food prices. Food security is becoming an increasingly important issue for many nations. There is also a growing awareness of both ‘food miles’ and ‘virtual ...
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Integrated conceptual modelling of faecal contamination in an urban estuary catchment
Urban stormwater is regarded as a key input of faecal contamination in receiving water bodies and therefore, a major concern for health risks associated with aquatic recreation. Wastewater leakages, cross connections and overflows, together with faeces washed from surfaces during rainfall events, are possible origins of faecal contamination which enter these water bodies through stormwater ...
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Treatment of suspended solids and heavy metals from urban stormwater runoff by a tree box filter
Particulates, inorganic and toxic constituents are the most common pollutants associated with urban stormwater runoff. Heavy metals such as chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium and lead are found to be in high concentration on paved roads or parking lots due to vehicle emissions. In order to control the rapid increase of pollutant loads in stormwater runoff, the Korean Ministry of ...
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Transitioning to a waterways city: municipal context, capacity and commitment
In Melbourne, Australia, the adoption of Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) and the inclusion of best practice in new urban development has shifted the “drained city” of the 1960s toward an environmentally-oriented “waterways city” for the future. However, the “waterways city” is tenuous owing to the variable commitment of local municipalities to WSUD. This paper reports on the first phase of a ...
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Sensitivity analysis of an urban stormwater microorganism model
This paper presents the sensitivity analysis of a newly developed model which predicts microorganism concentrations in urban stormwater (MOPUS—MicroOrganism Prediction in Urban Stormwater). The analysis used Escherichia coli data collected from four urban catchments in Melbourne, Australia. The MICA program (Model Independent Markov Chain Monte Carlo Analysis), used to conduct this analysis, ...
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Determining water sensitive urban design project benefits using a multi-criteria assessment tool
The integration of urban water cycle management with urban planning and design is referred to as ‘Water Sensitive Urban Design’ or ‘WSUD’ in Australia; one of the key elements of WSUD is the management of urban stormwater. In early 2006, the Victorian Government released the Yarra River Action Plan, which allocated $20 million towards tackling urban stormwater pollution. To help ensure this money ...
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Role of the biotic compartment in the transfer of zinc through the vadose zone - application to an infiltration system
ABSTRACTRelatively little is known about the influence of microorganisms which develop in urban stormwater infiltration basins on the transfer of heavy metals, whereas many reports have emphasized their importance in the mechanisms of retention or solubilization of these elements. We therefore examined the transfer of zinc solutions (2-20 ppm) at different pH (4-7) by columns of sterile sand or ...
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Rough set approach to the evaluation of stormwater pollution
This paper addresses the problem of urban stormwater quality and its impacts on the receiving water. In order to describe this phenomenon, research aimed at creating a mathematical model of pollution has been conducted. Although various deterministic and stochastic models exist already, the quality of stormwater phenomenon deserves a very careful and thoughtful validation. In order to take ...
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Optimization of pollution control performance of wet detention ponds in tropical urban catchments using particle swarm optimization
Wet detention ponds are the best management systems for the control of urban stormwater. The objective of this study is to develop optimum pollution control performance of wet detention ponds using an analytical probabilistic model (APM) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). An urban catchment, in a tropical region, was selected as a case study and APM parameters were developed using long-term ...
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Factors that affect the hydraulic performance of raingardens: implications for design and maintenance
Raingardens are becoming an increasingly popular technology for urban stormwater treatment. However, their hydraulic performance is known to reduce due to clogging from deposition of fine-grained sediments on the surface. This impacts on their capacity to treat urban runoff. It has been recently hypothesised that plants can help to mitigate the effect of surface clogging on infiltration. A ...
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Characterising aquifer treatment for pathogens in managed aquifer recharge
In this study the value of subsurface treatment of urban stormwater during Aquifer Storage Transfer Recovery (ASTR) is characterised using quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) methodology. The ASTR project utilizes a multi-barrier treatment train to treat urban stormwater but to date the role of the aquifer has not been quantified. In this study it was estimated that the aquifer barrier ...
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Characterising aquifer treatment for pathogens in managed aquifer recharge
In this study the value of subsurface treatment of urban stormwater during Aquifer Storage Transfer Recovery (ASTR) is characterised using quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) methodology. The ASTR project utilizes a multi-barrier treatment train to treat urban stormwater but to date the role of the aquifer has not been quantified. In this study it was estimated that the aquifer barrier ...
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Performance of a half-saturated vertical flow wetland packed with volcanic gravel in stormwater treatment
A half-saturated pilot-scale wetland planted with Acorus calamus was built to treat urban stormwater. The design comprises a sedimentation tank for pretreatment, and a vertical flow volcanic gravel wetland bed equipped with a recirculation device. Eighteen rainfall events were monitored in 2012. The treatment system achieved total removal efficiencies of 99.4, 81, 50, and 86% for ...
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Urban impact on water bodies in the Luleå area, northern Sweden, and the role of redox processes
Sediment and water from urban water bodies in the Luleå area, northern Sweden, were studied to determine the degree of contamination from metals and PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). The heavy metals Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn, which are of main concern in urban stormwater, are enriched in all investigated bays. PAH concentrations were also found to be enriched. The water and sediment ...
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Modelling rainwater harvesting for commercial buildings
Commercial areas are generally fully paved and with more impervious land cover than residential areas. This paper demonstrates a wall-mounted rainwater harvesting system designed to deal with limited land space. An arrangement of three tanks in series was used on a commercial shop lot where flat roofs generate large amounts of runoff. The system is compact, and can be installed and fitted ...
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Trends in rainfall intensity for stormwater designs in Ontario
The intensities of short-duration rainfall events are fundamental inputs to the design of stormwater management infrastructure. However, since stormwater infrastructure must function as designed for many decades, if there are long-term trends in rainfall intensities, design storms need to be modified. Evidence demonstrates, using data from 13 rain gauges in Ontario, that storm intensities ...
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Substance flow analyses of phthalates and nonylphenols in stormwater
The occurrence of nonylphenol and several phthalates in water environments is highly undesired because of their negative effects on aquatic organisms. The objectives of this study were to identify emission sources of phthalates, nonylphenol and its ethoxylates (NP/EOs) in urban stormwater, and to quantify the substance fluxes from the source to the stormwater system, using the methodology of ...
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Simulating future trends in urban stormwater quality for changing climate, urban land use and environmental controls
The effects of climatic changes, progressing urbanization and improved environmental controls on the simulated urban stormwater quality in a northern Sweden community were studied. Future scenarios accounting for those changes were developed and their effects simulated with the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). It was observed that the simulated stormwater quality was highly sensitive to the ...
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