velocity profiler Articles
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An Initial Study of Surface Wave Inversion Using Artificial Neural Networks
An artificial neural network is proposed as an expeditious alternative to the trial-and-error and least-squares surface wave inversion techniques that are currently available. To use an artificial neural network for surface wave inversion, synthetic dispersion curves are calculated for representative shear wave velocity profiles using a theoretical wave propagation algorithm. An artificial neural ...
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Velocity profiles assessment in natural channels during high floods
The accuracy of three different approaches for velocity profiles assessment during high floods, when the velocity points sampling is carried out only in the upper portion of the flow area, has been investigated. The first two methods assume the classical logarithmic law with additional terms, to take account of the dip-phenomenon in the velocity profile. The third one is based on the entropy ...
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Entropy generation in MHD flow over a permeable stretching sheet embedded in a porous medium in the presence of viscous dissipation
The present paper analyses the effects of entropy generation in Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow over a permeable stretching sheet embedded in a porous medium in the presence of viscous dissipation. Analytical solutions of the momentum and the energy equations are obtained in terms of Kummer's function using suitable transformations. The velocity and temperature profiles are obtained for various ...
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Direct numerical simulation of pore–scale reactive transport: applications to wettability alteration during two–phase flow
We present a finite element – finite volume simulation method for modelling fluid flow and solute transport accompanied by chemical reactions in experimentally obtained 3D pore geometries. The advantage of the proposed methodology with respect to other pore–scale modelling approaches is that no simplifications regarding the geometry of the porous space are required and no approximations to the ...
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Slip effects on entropy generation in MHD flow over a stretching surface in the presence of thermal radiation
The present paper deals with the study of slip effects on entropy generation in viscous incompressible flow over a stretching sheet subjected to a transverse magnetic field in the presence of thermal radiation. By using suitable similarity transformations, the momentum and the energy equations are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations and series solutions are obtained using ...
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Numerical investigation of entropy generation in an unsteady flow through a porous pipe with suction
This paper investigates the entropy generation rates in an unsteady flow of a variable viscosity incompressible fluid through a porous pipe with uniform suction at the surface. The nonlinear governing equations for momentum and energy balance are derived and solved numerically using a semi–implicit finite difference scheme in order to obtain the fluid velocity and temperature profiles. Numerical ...
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On wind velocity profiles over urban area
The horizontally homogeneous atmospheric boundary layer over rough surface with a large roughness length z0 is introduced to model the simplest cases of the Urban Planetary Boundary Layer (UABL) over the flat plain. The system of the equations of motion was non-dimensionalised and it has been demonstrated that the Rossby number similarity exists for the core of the UABL. That means that the ...
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Two-dimension coupling model to simulate water flow, sediment transport and bed evolution
Catastrophic flood events worldwide have become increasingly more frequent and their dynamics mechanism has attracted much interest as how to predict them by numerical method. As the most common phenomenon occurs in the flowing process, entrainment and deposition can significantly influence flow mobility by increasing in mass and changing in flow character. In this paper, a two-dimension ...
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Entropy analysis for MHD boundary layer flow and heat transfer over a flat plate with a convective surface boundary condition
This paper presents the application of the second law of thermodynamics analysis to magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow and heat transfer over a flat plate with a convective surface boundary condition. Using a similarity solution technique and shooting quadrature, the velocity and temperature profiles are obtained numerically and utilised to compute the entropy generation number. The ...
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Direct numerical simulation of pore-scale reactive transport: applications to wettability alteration during two-phase flow
We present a finite element – finite volume simulation method for modelling fluid flow and solute transport accompanied by chemical reactions in experimentally obtained 3D pore geometries. The advantage of the proposed methodology with respect to other pore-scale modelling approaches is that no simplifications regarding the geometry of the porous space are required and no approximations to ...
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Application of modified Manning formula in the determination of vertical profile velocity in natural rivers
Seldom studied before, the vertical profile velocity is indicative of the flood process and nutrient transportation process. In this paper, a substitution of cross section hydraulic radius with vertical depth was made to the Manning formula, which was then applied in the vertical profile velocity determination. Simultaneously, the determination accuracy and its relationship with hydraulic ...
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Numerical and experimental study of the fundamental flow characteristics of a 3D gully box under drainage
Numerical studies regarding the influence of entrapped air on the hydraulic performance of gullies are nonexistent. This is due to the lack of a model that simulates the air-entrainment phenomena and consequently the entrapped air. In this work, we used experimental data to validate an air-entrainment model that uses a Volume-of-Fluid based method to detect the interface and the Shear-stress ...
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Effect of bed roughness on 1-D entropy velocity distribution in open channel flow
A theoretic-analytical formulation, based on entropy velocity profile law and classical relationships for uniform flow and friction factor, is proposed enlightening the general logarithmic relationship existing between the parameter Φ(M), defined as mean cross section velocity over maximum velocity, and the ratio water depth/bed roughness (D/d). The relationship Φ(M)–D/d ...
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Prediction of longitudinal dispersion coefficient using laboratory and field data: relationship comparisons
Knowledge of dispersion of pollutants in streams is necessary for the determination of both the acceptable limits of effluent input and the concentration along the river course. In the far-field, the primary variation of concentration is in one direction and termed longitudinal dispersion; it is independent of the geometrical configuration and type of source. The longitudinal dispersion ...
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A Bayesian network-based data analytical approach to predict velocity distribution in small streams
Developing a reliable data analytical method for predicting the velocity profile in small streams is important in that it substantially decreases the amount of money and effort spent on measurement procedures. In recent studies it has been shown that machine learning models can be used to achieve such an important goal. In the proposed framework, a tree-augmented Naïve Bayes approach, a ...
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The feasibility of flocculation in a storage sedimentation basin
ABSTRACTFor the Flemish situation, storage sedimentation basins are one of the best 'end-of-pipe' solutions to reduce the impact of combined sewer overflows on the receiving waters. In some cases, when the spilled pollution load is too high, the settling efficiency of the basin has to be improved. Adding coagulants could be a reasonable alternative for building larger basins. To estimate the ...
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Measurement of flow velocity profiles in tank structures using the prototype device OCM Pro LR
Generally, studies investigating the treatment efficiency of tank structures for storm water or waste water treatment observe pollutant flows in connection with conditions of hydraulic loading. Further investigations evaluate internal processes in tank structures using computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modelling or lab scale tests. As flow paths inside of tank structures have a considerable ...
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Simulation of flow in an idealised city using various CFD codes
In the framework of the COST 732 action, several teams run models to verify the proposed Best Practice Guideline (Franke et al., 2007). The data set concerns the Mock Urban Setting Test (MUST) experiment, where wind field and dispersion measurements were conducted for an array of obstacles as a full-scale experiment, as well as in a wind tunnel. The pollutant transport research group at the ...
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H-ADCP Flow Gauge, Wessex Water case study
Wessex Water, Design, supply and installation of low-flow environmental impacts monitoring system on the River Yeo in Somerset, 2005-2008 Wessex Water contracted HL to install a new flow-gauge to provide flow data on the environmental impact of abstraction upstream and downstream of a riverside borehole for public-supply. Due to the channel and hydraulic conditions at the site on the River Yeo ...
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Numerical and experimental investigation for cleaning process of submerged outside-in hollow fiber membrane
Membrane fouling has limited extensive applications for hollow fiber membranes in water treatment. Backwashing and air scouring can effectively solve this problem in the submerged outside-in hollow fiber membrane system. In this study, variation of the fouling layer on the membrane surface during backwashing and the impact of shear stress caused by air scouring on fouling removal were ...
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