wastewater treatment process Articles

The wastewater treatment process is complex and critical to civilization. In simplest terms, wastewater is water that has been mixed with waste matter. Wastewater can be classified as domestic, municipal, or industrial based upon the source of generation. For instance, domestic wastewater comes from everyday liquid waste, including water used to flush the toilet, to shower, or to wash dishes. ...

Mar. 16, 2015

By Brentwood Industries, Inc.

What is Wastewater? Wastewater is classified as used water from any combination of domestic, industrial, commercial, agricultural activities, surface runoff, or storm water. The wastewater treatment process removes the contaminants from the wastewater and converts it into an element that can be returned to the water cycle with minimum impact on the environment. Water can carry ...

Jun. 12, 2020

By Thern Inc

ABSTRACT   The development of the tools needed to study the population dynamics of biological wastewater treatment processes is traced from its beginnings in the early 1900’s to today’s use of molecular biology ...

Oct. 13, 2007

By Water Environment Federation (WEF)

Left-censored datasets of virus density in wastewater samples make it difficult to evaluate the virus removal efficiency in wastewater treatment processes. In the present study, we modeled the probabilistic distribution of virus removal efficiency in a wastewater treatment process with a Bayesian approach, and investigated how many detect samples in influent and effluent are necessary for ...

Aug. 1, 2015

By IWA Publishing

Cryptosporidium is a protozoan parasite that infects humans and various animal species. The environmental stability and the low infectious dose of Cryptosporidium facilitate its transmission by water and food. Discharge of untreated wastewater may result in waterborne or foodborne Cryptosporidium outbreaks, therefore a suitable treatment may prevent its ...

Aug. 5, 2015

By IWA Publishing

Cavitation is one such recent technique which has been found to be substantially beneficial in wastewater treatment. Cavitation can be described as formation, growth and sub-sequent collapse of cavities releasing large magnitudes of energy locally, creating conditions similar to hot spots, and also generating strong oxidizing conditions by way of ...

Apr. 3, 2014

By GlobeCore GmbH

In this paper, the measurement of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) in a wastewater treatment process is analyzed and an intelligent integrated prediction method based on case-based reasoning (CBR) is proposed in order to overcome difficulties. Due to the fact that there are many factors that influence the accuracy of the prediction model, the radial basis function, which is a neural network ...

Jul. 22, 2017

By IWA Publishing

Contaminated water may play a key role in the transmission of Helicobacter pylori, resulting in gastrointestinal diseases in humans. The wastewater treatment process is an important barrier to control the transmission of H. pylori. However, the presence and viability of H. pylori in the treatment process is not well known. In this paper, the real colony ...

Feb. 22, 2016

By IWA Publishing

A Synopsis by the Author This book is an overview of the development of aerobic waste water treatment and influences which shaped this development.   The historical development of sewage treatment and the subsequent emergence of aerobic biological treatment methods is investigated from the early nineteenth century to the present day.  In addition, the earlier ...

Jul. 4, 2011

By IWA Publishing

This book is an overview of the development of aerobic waste water treatment and influences which shaped this development. The historical development of sewage treatment and the subsequent emergence of aerobic biological treatment methods is investigated from the early nineteenth century to the present day. In addition, the earlier historical background, up to the late ...

Nov. 18, 2011

By IWA Publishing

Wastewater treatment must satisfy discharge requirements under specified constraints and have minimal operating costs (OC). The operating results of wastewater treatment processes (WWTPs) have significantly focused on both the energy consumption (EC) and effluent quality (EQ). To reflect the relationship between the EC and EQ of WWTPs directly, an extended Elman neural network-based energy ...

Dec. 3, 2012

By IWA Publishing

In recent years, response surface methodology (RSM) has been used for modelling and optimising a variety of water and wastewater treatment processes. RSM is a collection of mathematical and statistical techniques for building models, evaluating the effects of several variables, and obtaining the values of process variables that produce desirable values of the response. This paper reviews the ...

Feb. 19, 2014

By IWA Publishing

Oxidation ditches are very popular wastewater treatment processes for small to mediumsized municipalities that have to meet stringent water quality standards. Oxidation ditches provide cost-effective treatment while requiring relatively simple operational skills. Because carbonaceous BOD removal, nitrification, and de-nitrification can be accomplished within a single reactor, the process can ...

Sep. 25, 2007

By S&N Airoflo Inc.

The increasingly more stringent phosphorus (P) discharge limits, which are below the concentrations reliably achievable with currently available technologies, demand for better understanding of phosphorus removal mechanisms. This study investigated the compositional fractions of phosphorus (P) in various effluents as well as the efficacy of different levels of treatment processes for removing ...

Feb. 1, 2011

By IWA Publishing

The concept of sustainability involves the integration of economic, environmental, and social aspects and this also applies in the field of wastewater treatment. Economic feasibility studies are a key tool for selecting the most appropriate option from a set of technological proposals. Moreover, these studies are needed to assess the viability of transferring new technologies from pilot-scale to ...

Feb. 1, 2012

By IWA Publishing

Dieldrin and DDx removal through wastewater treatment, ozonation, and microfiltration was assessed for a water reuse project for groundwater replenishment in Monterey, California, USA. Full-scale sampling was conducted at the wastewater treatment plant, and physical wastewater treatment processes, ozonation, and microfiltration were tested at the bench scale. Removals observed through ...

Nov. 20, 2017

By IWA Publishing

ABSTRACTIn 2003 the Aquarec project sponsored by the European Commission under the 5th Framework Programme was started, aiming at “integrated concepts for reuse of upgraded wastewater with special focus on the European countries”. One of the key elements is the development of a treatment matrix, in which wastewater treatment processes are categorised as a function of the raw wastewater quality ...

Jan. 1, 2005

By IWA Publishing

The biological treatment of wastewater relies mainly on a consortium of heterotrophic and autotrophic bacteria. The fecal bacteria that are constantly introduced into the collection system are not the optimal bacteria for degrading the contaminants present in wastewaters. The soil bacteria that are introduced through inflow and infiltration are more effective at degrading the wastes and can ...

Mar. 2, 2016

By In-Pipe Technology Company, Inc.

The wastewater quality of several municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWTPs) in Beijing was studied, and the water densities of different processing units were also measured during the wastewater treatment process. The results clearly showed that the water density declined from influent to effluent of the wastewater treatment process. Meanwhile, the variation in water density had good ...

Jun. 15, 2016

By IWA Publishing

A new wastewater treatment process that involves coagulation, ozonation, and microalgae cultivation has been developed. Here, two challenges are discussed. The first was minimizing phosphorus removal during coagulation in order to maximize algal production. The second was to optimize microalgae cultivation; algal species that grow rapidly and produce valuable products are ideal for selection. ...

Jun. 25, 2015

By IWA Publishing