water distribution system analysis Articles
-
The influence of the existing network layout on water distribution system redesign analysis
The methodologies usually adopted in water distribution system redesign problems consider the topology of the network as an input fixed datum; optimisation solely allowing for the duplication/substitution of existing components. In order to contribute to the identification of optimal solutions that may lead to a lower risk of failure to supply the required water, together with a lower redesign ...
-
A history of water distribution systems and their optimisation
Water distribution systems have a very long and rich history dating back to the third millennium B.C. Advances in water supply and distribution were followed in parallel by discoveries and inventions in other related fields. Therefore, it is the aim of this paper to review both the history of water distribution systems and those related fields in order to present a coherent summary of the ...
-
Clustering analysis of water distribution systems: identifying critical components and community impacts
Large water distribution systems (WDSs) are networks with both topological and behavioural complexity. Thereby, it is usually difficult to identify the key features of the properties of the system, and subsequently all the critical components within the system for a given purpose of design or control. One way is, however, to more explicitly visualize the network structure and interactions ...
-
Refined assessment of associations between drinking water residence time and emergency department visits for gastrointestinal illness in Metro Atlanta, Georgia
Recent outbreak investigations suggest that a substantial proportion of waterborne disease outbreaks are attributable to water distribution system issues. In this analysis, we examine the relationship between modeled water residence time (WRT), a proxy for probability of microorganism intrusion into the distribution system, and emergency department visits for gastrointestinal (GI) illness for ...
-
Leakage discharge separation from the total water supply flow in water distribution system by constrained independent component analysis (CICA)
The blind source separation theory was introduced and the trend and amplitude (TAA) model was established in order to overcome the shortcomings of some traditional global leakage discharge analysis models in water distribution systems (WDS). The TAA model considers the leakage discharge as one part of the total water supply flow, consisting of constrained independent component analysis (CICA) ...
-
Comparison of two multivariate classification models for contamination event detection in water quality time series
This paper explores two applied classification models alerting for contamination events in water distribution systems. The models perform multivariate analysis of water quality online measurements for event detection. The developed models comprise an outlier detection algorithm and a following sequence analysis for the classification of events. The first model is an unsupervised minimum volume ...
-
Uncertainty in the analysis of urban water supply and distribution systems
Conventionally, the design of urban water supply and distribution systems is based on the assumption that all the involved parameters are known a priori and remain unaltered throughout the life cycle of the system. However, significant uncertainties do appear during the analysis and design of these systems, such as the equivalent pipe roughness and the actual internal diameters of the pipes. ...
-
Novelty detection for time series data analysis in water distribution systems using support vector machines
The sampling frequency and quantity of time series data collected from water distribution systems has been increasing in recent years, giving rise to the potential for improving system knowledge if suitable automated techniques can be applied, in particular, machine learning. Novelty (or anomaly) detection refers to the automatic identification of novel or abnormal patterns embedded in large ...
-
Disinfection by-products in drinking water – a case study on Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Disinfection by-products (DBPs) have been monitored in Calgary's drinking water for approximately 15 years. The variability of the DBPs has typically exhibited similar patterns over the period of monitoring. Due to the nature of the surface waters supplying the water treatment plants, the level of DBPs was largely influenced by surface runoff events where the level of natural organic matter (NOM) ...
-
Comparative analysis of different probability distributions of random parameters in the assessment of water distribution system reliability
During recent years, several methods based on the probabilistic approach have been proposed for the analysis of the performance of water distribution systems (WDSs). Uncertain elements are described by probabilistic laws chosen and parameterised on the basis of the network characteristics. However, the choice of the most suitable probabilistic distribution and of the statistical parameters can ...
-
Study on the impacts of peaking factors on a water distribution system in Germany
This paper aims to explore the impacts of peaking factors on a water distribution system designed for a small city in Germany through model-based analysis. As a case study, the water distribution network was modelled by EPANET and then two specific studies were carried out. The first study tested corresponding system-wide influences on water age and energy consumption if the peaking factors used ...
-
Water distribution system model calibration under uncertainty environments
The calibration process of water distribution system models allows for accurate and reliable hydraulic analysis results. Thus, calibration is of utmost importance if adequate operation and maintenance model-based procedures are sought. However, in emerging economies, there is a series of factors that make it more difficult to construct accurate models, including very poor information management, ...
-
Adaptable urban water demand prediction system
In this work, identification of 24-hours-ahead water demand prediction model based on historical water demand data is considered. As part of the identification procedure, the input variable selection algorithm based on partial mutual information is implemented. It is shown that meteorological data on a daily basis are not relevant for the water demand prediction in the sense of partial mutual ...
-
Application of a water balance adapted to intermittent water supply and flat-rate tariffs without customer metering in Tiruvannamalai, India
Establishing the water balance developed by the International Water Association (IWA) is a worldwide applied approach to determine and analyse water losses in water distribution systems (WDS). The water balance covers those parts of a WDS within the responsibility of the water utility. Water losses occurring ‘before’ a customer meter are at the expense of the utility, while water lost or ...
-
Data Analysis Isolates Water Main Breaks
To address pipe break problems within its distribution system, Missouri American Water (MOAW) worked with a monitoring and analysis company to find the causes and solutions, ultimately giving the utility valuable insights. MOAW serves approximately 1.5 million customers in Missouri. The utility owns and operates a network serving St. Louis County, as well as portions of St. Charles and Jefferson ...
By Syrinix Ltd
-
Bayesian modelling for water loss management decisions
Bayesian networks and their associated methods are especially suited for capturing and dealing with uncertainty. They can be successfully applied both in engineering sciences and in reliability analyses of water distribution systems. In this paper we propose an interactive Bayesian network and a decision-theoretic system which intend to monitor water loss, predict likely outcome and select ...
-
Adapting the IWA water balance to intermittent water supply and flat-rate tariffs without customer metering
The International Water Association water balance is an approach applied worldwide for determining and analysing water losses in water distribution systems (WDS) up to the point of customer metering. Thus, water losses occurring ‘before’ a customer meter are at the expenses of the water utility while water lost or wasted ‘after’ the meter is paid for by the customer. This applies to systems ...
-
Biofilm bacterial communities and abundance in a full-scale drinking water distribution system in Shanghai
Community diversity and abundance of biofilms from a full-scale drinking water distribution system in Shanghai were characterized by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of 16S rRNA sequences and heterotrophic plate count (HPC), respectively. Bacteria affiliated to the Beta- and Gamma-Proteobacteria were dominating in both in-situ and HPC-culturable bacterial communities. Other ...
-
Logistic regression analysis to estimate contaminant sources in water distribution systems
Accidental or intentional contamination in a water distribution system (WDS) has recently attracted attention due to the potential hazard to public health and the complexity of the contaminant characteristics. The accurate and rapid characterization of contaminant sources is necessary to successfully mitigate the threat in the event of contamination. The uncertainty surrounding the contaminants, ...
-
Tecta Success Story - SAWACO, Saudi Arabia - Case Study
SAWACO is the first private water utility provider in Saudi Arabia with over 50,000 m3/day of production capacity serving Jeddah and neighboring areas. SAWACO is conforming to international standards such as the World Health Organization (WHO), Saudi Standards (SASO), and the General Authority of Meteorology and Environmental ...
Need help finding the right suppliers? Try XPRT Sourcing. Let the XPRTs do the work for you