water supply network Articles
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Failure risk assessment in water network in terms of planning renewals – a case study of the exemplary water supply system
In the paper the issue of failure risk assessment in water supply system (WSS) was presented. Problems of water supply network failure constitute a crucial issue in waterworks practice. The results of the analysis were obtained on the basis of real data from water network operation. Attention has been paid to the problem of risk assessment in the context of risk acceptance criteria. An ...
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Quadratic head loss approximations for optimisation problems in water supply networks
This paper presents a novel analysis of the accuracy of quadratic approximations for the Hazen–Williams (HW) head loss formula, which enables the control of constraint violations in optimisation problems for water supply networks. The two smooth polynomial approximations considered here minimise the absolute and relative errors, respectively, from the original non-smooth HW head loss function ...
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Model- vs. data-based approaches applied to fault diagnosis in potable water supply networks
The problem of fault diagnosis in potable water supply networks is addressed in this paper. Two different fault diagnosis approaches are proposed to deal with this problem. The first one is based on a model-based approach exploiting a priori information regarding physical/temporal relations existing among the measured variables in the monitored system, providing fault detection and isolation ...
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Evaluation of an intrusive technology to diagnose buried pipelines
Ageing of water supply networks is a real problem which leads to leaks and bursts. A great challenge is to discover the state of degradation of the buried pipes. This paper describes the knowledge of Veolia Water – SADE of a non-destructive technology to inspect cast iron water pipes and the methodology developed to define its performance in terms of probability of detection of defects. ...
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Introducing pressure and number of connections into water loss indicators for French drinking water supply networks
In France, the system of performance indicators defined within the relevant regulations does not include indicators relating to pressure, or the number of connections. So, Irstea and Veolia Water decided to create a new system of water loss indicators designed for use in France and that would take into account these parameters. The study was initially carried out at District Metered Area (DMA) ...
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Effect of television broadcasts of global sporting events on short-term changes in the use of water from the water supply network
The article discusses the influence of television broadcasts of global sporting events on water usage in the city of Toruń during the final match of the FIFA 2014 World Cup in Brazil. The analyses covered accurate data of water usage (recorded every 1 minute) in the city on the day of the final match. The obtained results were compared with the data for the same days of the week (Sundays) but ...
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Quantifying the economy of flow distribution in water supply looped networks
Optimization of water supply looped networks has attracted a great deal of attention from researchers for more than 30 years. As the classical water supply looped network optimization problem is mathematically non-convex and multimodal, the resulting solution of most approaches is uncertain in the sense of how close it is to the “best” solution. In many cases, this “best” or “global” solution is ...
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A flexible methodology to sectorize water supply networks based on social network theory concepts and multi-objective optimization
A novel methodology to sectorize water supply networks (WSNs) depending on a main transmission line is presented in this paper. The methodology is based on concepts derived from the social network theory and graph theory (namely, community detection and shortest path respectively); and also on a multi-objective optimization process by means of agent swarm optimization (ASO). A series of ...
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Evaluation of groundwater quality and assessment of scaling potential and corrosiveness of water supply networks, Iran
The aim of this study was to determine the corrosion and scaling potential of water supply sources in a province in eastern Iran. In this cross-sectional study, 879 samples were taken to evaluate the water quality characteristics during 12 months (2013–2014). Five indices, Langelier, Ryznar, Puckorius, Larson–Skold, and Aggressiveness, were programmed in Microsoft Excel. The results ...
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Risk assessment study for water supply network using GIS
In recent years, contamination of water in water distribution systems (WDS) has been recognized as a major cause of waterborne diseases. Owing to old and deteriorated pipes, and the presence of pollution sources in contact with the supply line, water boards often decide to replace the network in the interests of public health. This being a cost-intensive and time-consuming programme, decision ...
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Application of machine learning techniques to predict anomalies in water supply networks
Methods to improve the operational efficiency of a water supply network by early detection of anomalies are investigated by making use of the data streams from multiple sensor locations within the network. The water supply network is a demonstration site of Vitens, a Dutch water company that has several district metering areas where flow, pressure, electrical conductance and temperature are ...
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Hybrid genetic algorithm in the optimization of energy costs in water supply networks
Efficient operation of water distribution systems is linked with the assurance of water availability to the population. In general, the operational rules applied to water distribution networks have as a sole objective the continuity of the water supply and disregards saving energy costs related to the operation of the pumps. The task of determining optimal operational procedures involves several ...
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Assessment of domestic consumption in intermittent water supply networks: case study of Puerto Ayora (Galápagos Islands)
Intermittent water distribution systems are a stark reality in developing countries. Puerto Ayora, the centre of tourism of the Galápagos Archipelago, is not an exception, with its population and tourists suffering from scarce water resources. However, the extreme per capita consumptions, well above those in 24/7 supply situations in many other countries, contradict the (sense of) scarcity. ...
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The impact of diurnal water use patterns, demand management and rainwater tanks on water supply network design
The traditional use of long-term average consumption records and “peak factors” to determine water network design criteria does not account for allotment-scale diurnal water use patterns which impact upon the dynamics of water distribution systems. The diversity of allotment-scale diurnal water use patterns directly impacts on network dynamics. Demand management and rainwater tanks are likely to ...
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Evaluation of methods for reducing the total cost in rural water pumping stations in Iran: a case study
With regard to increasing energy costs, the issue of reducing energy consumption can be vital and essential. Pumping systems are one of the most widely used energy consuming systems in the water supply network. This work studies the optimization of Goharbaran pump station in Sari (Iran) with the purpose of achieving some extendable effective strategies which can be applied to the other ABFAR ...
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Higher corrosion resistance of old cast iron pipes installed for early stage of water supply network in Yokohama City
The old gray cast iron for water supply pipes in Yokohama City which was made in the UK in 1887 is highly corrosion resistant. The corrosion behavior of the old gray cast iron in soils was studied. For comparison, a gray cast iron used for modern pipes, a spheroidal graphite cast iron, and a carbon steel were tested. The corrosion potentials and corrosion rates were measured. The corrosion ...
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Pressure transfer modeling for an urban water supply system based on Pearson correlation analysis
This paper presents an approach to modeling the water pressure transfer among nodes in an urban water supply network for the purpose of pressure control. The network is divided into different sub-networks based on the Pearson correlation analysis of the nodal pressure measurements. The Pearson correlation analysis is performed to find out the set of nodes, whose water pressures are highly ...
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Application of genetic programming to modeling pipe failures in water distribution systems
The water loss from a water distribution system is a serious problem for many cities, which incurs enormous economic and social loss. However, the economic and human resource costs to exactly locate the leakage are extraordinarily high. Thus, reliable and robust pipe failure models are demanded to assess a pipe's propensity to fail. Beijing City was selected as the case study area and the pipe ...
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A holistic approach to water supply network operation – using desalination to improve cost efficiency
Seqwater is one of Australia's largest water businesses, with one of the most geographically spread and diverse asset bases. This includes 37 water treatment plants (WTPs), more than 600 km of bulk water supply pipeline, and the Gold Coast Desalination Plant (GCDP) constructed as part of the South East Queensland Millennium Drought response. The production of desalinated water has a greater ...
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Division method for water distribution networks in hilly areas
Water distribution systems in hilly areas are always divided into several zones due to the undulating terrain. The present approach of dividing water distribution systems lacks an assessment index and is characterized by a low degree of automation. With the building of a mathematical model, this paper introduces two indicators – pressure limitation and pressure variation – to enable the ...
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