watershed model Articles | Environmental XPRT

Geospatial-based automated watershed modeling in Garhwal Himalaya

Sep. 30, 2010

Hydrologic forecasting using artificial neural networks: a Bayesian sequential Monte Carlo approach

Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) methods are known to be very effective for the state and parameter estimation of nonlinear and non-Gaussian systems. In this study, SMC is applied to the parameter estimation of an artificial neural network (ANN) model for streamflow prediction of a watershed. Through SMC simulation, the probability distribution of model parameters and streamflow estimation is ...

Dec. 31, 2010

By IWA Publishing

Climate Change and Watersheds: Exploring the Links, Science Matters Newsletter, 2013

EPA water scientists and their partners are studying how climate change may affect watersheds—the network of rivers and streams that feed into larger water bodies such as big rivers, lakes, and oceans. A recent EPA report, referred to as the ...

Aug. 22, 2013

By IWA Publishing

Intelligent manipulation and calibration of parameters for hydrological models

It would be greatly helpful to neophytes if knowledge-based system technology incorporating the existing heuristic knowledge about model manipulation can be integrated into the hydrological system. This paper delineates the development and implementation of a prototype knowledge-based system for model manipulation for hydrological processes by employing an expert system shell. The architecture ...

Nov. 6, 2006

By Inderscience Publishers

Estimation and monitoring non-point source pollutant loads: an object-oriented hydro-information approach

Numerous hydrologic/water quality models of run-off and soil erosion have been coupled to Geographical Information System (GIS) to determine Non-Point Source (NPS) pollutants from watersheds. Hydrology and water-resource engineering rely on observations of environmental conditions and the accuracy of environmental data. This paper focuses on estimation and monitoring of NPS pollutant loads based ...

Sep. 2, 2010

By Inderscience Publishers

Robust weighted regression as a downscaling tool in temperature projections

Downscaling models are developed using robust version of locally weighted regression smoothing scatter plots technique (LOWESS) regression approach for obtaining projections of mean monthly maximum and minimum temperatures (Tmax and Tmin) to Pichola watershed in an arid region in India. Variable Importance in the Projection (VIP) score from Partial Least Squares (PLSs) regression is used to ...

Oct. 24, 2010

By Inderscience Publishers

Integration of the rice paddy water management into a coupled surface-subsurface water flow model in the Sakuragawa River watershed (Japan)

Rice paddy water management was integrated into a distributed three-dimensional surface and subsurface coupling hydrological model of the Sakuragawa River watershed. This watershed is located in the Kanto Plain in Japan and includes the hillside of Mt. Tsukuba. Therefore, this watershed includes both steep mountainous areas and rice paddy-dominated flat land. Thus, water management of rice ...

Jun. 5, 2015

By IWA Publishing

A simplified approach for the design of infiltration trenches

The use of infiltration trenches has proven to be useful to reduce runoff in urban surfaces. The design of these structures is based on the continuity equation taking into account inflow, outflow and detention water volumes. Basic procedures evaluate entering flow rates and relative volumes directly as a function of rain event characteristics, without taking into account rain-runoff processes ...

Dec. 31, 2010

By IWA Publishing

Linking the management of urban watersheds with the impacts on the receiving water bodies: the use of flow duration curves

There is growing evidence that changes in the current hydrological behaviour of urbanising catchments are a major source of impacts on the downstream water bodies. However, current flow-rates are rarely considered in studies on urban stormwater management, usually focused on extreme flow-rates. We argue that taking into account receiving water bodies is possible with relatively small ...

Jul. 15, 2014

By IWA Publishing

Source apportionment of nitrogen in Estonian rivers

The statistical model MESAW (Matrix Equations for Source Apportionment on Watershed) was used to estimate the diffuse unit-area source emission coefficients of nitrogen in Estonian rivers. The input data included monitored riverine loads, point sources and land use categories from a total of 50 rivers/catchment areas. Two independent studies were conducted: the estimation of emission ...

Jul. 16, 2017

By IWA Publishing

Evaluation of AnnAGNPS and its applications in a semi–arid and semi–humid watershed in Northwest China

The main goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of AnnAGNPS (Annualised Agricultural Non–Point Source Pollution Model) in simulating runoff, sediment loading and nutrient loading in a semi–arid and semi–humid watershed of an area of 1481sq km, located in Northwest China. This model was first calibrated and tested by historic monitoring data and then the validated model was used to ...

Oct. 14, 2012

By Inderscience Publishers

Enhanced accuracy of rainfall–runoff modeling with wavelet transform

Wavelet transform (WT) is typically used to decompose time series data for only one hydrological feature at a time. This study applied WT for simultaneous decomposition of rainfall and runoff time series data. For the calibration data, the decomposed rainfall and runoff time series calibrate the subsystem response function using the least squares (LS) method at each scale. For the validation ...

Apr. 8, 2013

By IWA Publishing

Assessment of investment system for rural resources and water quality management: multi-objective optimisation of interregional sustainable development

This study intends to develop a decision making model that gives a solution of social problems such as widening economic gap between rural and urban regions and the corresponding environmental pollution. To revitalise regions that confront rural collapse, a framework of interregional management should be sought. A household investment system is taken up as a watershed-based management approach ...

Jul. 5, 2010

By Inderscience Publishers

Development of HydroClimatic Conceptual Streamflow (HCCS) model for tropical river basin

Combined processes of land-surface hydrology and hydroclimatology influence the response of a watershed to different hydroclimatic variables. In this paper, streamflow response of a watershed to hydrometeorological variables is investigated over a part of two tropical Indian rivers – Narmada and Mahanadi. The proposed HydroClimatic Conceptual Streamflow (HCCS) model is able to consider ...

Mar. 24, 2014

By IWA Publishing

Finding land cover change impacts on low flow regimes

Climate changes, as well as land cover changes, affect the flow regimes in streams. Understanding the contributions of climate variables and land cover changes on low flows will help planners and decision makers to improve water resources management. An approach which uses data driven artificial neural networks (ANNs) is proposed in this study. Land cover, rainfall, snow and temperature were ...

Oct. 3, 2017

By IWA Publishing

A theoretical basis for green growth

This paper proposes a theoretical model of green growth. The paper analyses the development mechanisms through which natural resource capital regenerates (or at least does not degrade), is preserved and contributes to economic growth. Climate change is a threat to human civilisation and countries need to save natural resources, which are a crucial form of productive capital in the economy, and ...

Nov. 30, 2014

By Inderscience Publishers

Water balance between surface water and groundwater in the withdrawal process: a case study of the Osceola watershed

A generalized hierarchical approach with a water balance function is introduced to simulate stream-flow depletion in a complex groundwater system in Osceola County. The groundwater flow system at the site, because of the complex interaction between ambient streams, exhibits a unique multi-scale pattern that proves to be difficult to simulate using standard modelling tools. The hierarchical ...

Jan. 26, 2015

By IWA Publishing

Comparing impacts of parameter and spatial data uncertainty for a grid-based distributed watershed model

Parameter uncertainty in hydrologic modeling is commonly evaluated, but assessing the impact of spatial input data uncertainty in spatially descriptive ‘distributed’ models is not common. This study compares the significance of uncertainty in spatial input data and model parameters on the output uncertainty of a distributed hydrology and sediment transport model, HYdrology Simulation using ...

Jul. 26, 2016

By IWA Publishing

Development of SPAWM: selection program for available watershed models

A selection program for available watershed models (also known as SPAWM) was developed. Thirty-three commonly used watershed models were analyzed in depth and classified in accordance to their attributes. These attributes consist of: (1) land use; (2) event or continuous; (3) time steps; (4) water quality; (5) distributed or lumped; (6) subsurface; (7) overland sediment; and (8) best management ...

Aug. 6, 2014

By IWA Publishing

Post-validation of SWAT model in a coastal watershed for predicting land use/cover change impacts

Watershed models are typically calibrated and validated with the same land use and land cover (LULC) dataset and later used in assessing impacts of changing LULC, such as urbanization, on hydrology and/or water quality. However, their performance in predicting water quality/quantity in response to changing LULC is rarely assessed. The main objective of this paper was to explore the performance ...

Mar. 25, 2015

By IWA Publishing

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