The use of heat treatment to improve solute rejection and fouling resistance of a polyamide reverse osmosis (RO) membrane was investigated in this study. Heat treatment was carried out by immersing the membrane samples in Milli-Q water at 70 °C for a specific duration. Heat treatment (24 h) reduced the pure water permeability from 4.1 to 2.8 L/m2hbar but improved conductivity rejection from 95.5 to 97.0%. As a result, a correlation was observed between changes in the two parameters. Marginal changes in the membrane surface characteristics (i.e. zeta potential, hydrophobicity, chemistry and roughness) were observed as a result of heat treatment. Heat treatment significantly improved the fouling resistance property of the RO membrane. When the secondary effluent was filtrated at an elevated permeated flux, the virgin RO membrane exhibited 30% flux decline while the heat-treated membrane showed only 12% flux decline. This is possibly because heat treatment resulted in a denser cross-linked active skin layer, thus reducing the blockage caused by small organic foulants.
Project FactsAdvanced Water Technology (AWT) build the Al Khafji Seawater Reverse Osmosis SWRO Desalination Plant, which is the world`s first large-scale solar-powered desalination plant. It is located in Al Khafji to the north-eastern part of Saudi Arabia near the Kuwait border.The desalination plant was completed by late 2017. It will supply 60,000m³ of desalinated seawater a day to the city of Al Khafji in north-eastern Saudi Arabia, providing a regular supply of water to the region throughout the year....
ABSTRACTCost reduction has become a primary focus for nearly every public and private research institution. The environmental monitoring industry has not been immune to the cost-cutting efforts and seeks innovative waysto help field monitoring professionals gain efficiency. This has led to the development of newtechnologiesthat extend deployment duration and minimize costly maintenance procedures, while delivering a high level of dataquality.The TTOUiSShield Antifouling System, developed by ln-9tu®lnc.,...
The steam injection enhanced oil recovery method used primarily in Alberta, Canada, also known as Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD), pushes energy in the form of steam into the formation to liquefy very heavy oil known as bitumen so it can be recovered and lifted to the surface. This method causes the continuous release of water soluble organic material more commonly known as WSO’s into the produced water. The injected steam is recovered and recirculated for process efficiency and water conservation. In...
SUMMARYFouling and cleaning profiles of four types of filter membranes were obtained using MICRO-90®, MICRO® GREEN CLEAN and/or MICRO® A07. Simulated fouling processes were performed by using either a synthetic oil emulsion or a combination of the synthetic oil emulsion and a calcium acetate salt bridge mixture. Excellent recovery of permeate flux was obtained with the lowest to be 96.0%. The results prove that MICRO-90®, MICRO® GREEN CLEAN and MICRO® A07 are effective at cleaning these...
The Romberg Tiburon Center offers opportunities for SFSU undergraduate and graduate students to gain field experience, laboratory training, and practice skills in a variety of environmental research areas. Courses are offered at the center through the departments of biology, chemistry, geography and geosciences.Trevi installed a 10m3/day System at the Romberg Facility in Tiburon in October 2013. The Romberg offered access to untreated seawater, enabling Trevi to determine the bio- fouling potential of the process...
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