OTM 17: Determination of Metal Concentrations Using Filters and Solid Sorbents in XRF Analyisis case study
Eli Lilly and Company (Lilly) operates a waste incineration system located at the Tippecanoe Laboratories in Lafayette, Indiana. This incinerator system includes an Xact multi-metals continuous emissions monitoring system (Xact-CEMS, manufactured by Cooper Environmental Services, LLC) for demonstrating attainment with the Hazardous Waste Combustor MACT for semi-volatile metals, low-volatile metals, and mercury emissions. Lilly must conduct an initial performance evaluation test as well as quarterly and annual audits to assure the accuracy of the reported results from the CEMS. Lilly has proposed the use of a NIST-traceable reference aerosol generator for relative accuracy and linearity determinations. In addition, Lilly is also proposing the use of a new sampling and analysis reference method for metals to assure the accuracy of the spiked reference aerosol.
This appendix describes this new sampling and analysis method used in Method 301 tests described in the body of this report and proposed for the above noted initial performance evaluation test and annual audits of Lilly’s Xact-CEMS. This new method is an X-ray Based Filter Method (XFM) that draws a representative sample of incinerator emissions from the Xact-CEMS stilling chamber through a series of reactive and non-reactive filters. The filter deposits are non-destructively analyzed by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) to determine metal concentrations in the filter deposits. Metal concentrations in the emissions are calculated by dividing the volume of sampled flue gas into the metal mass measured by XRF.
This method is applicable to the measurement of chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb)) in emissions from Lilly’s hazardous waste incinerator. Although the XFM is optimized for these elements, it is applicable to other elements including: vanadium (V), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), silver (Ag), antimony (Sb), barium (Ba), thallium (Tl), tin (Sn), bismuth (Bi), cobalt (Co) and selenium (Se). The XFM can quantify flue gas concentrations ranging from less than 0.2 to over 2000 μg/dscm.
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