The need to reliably predict foundation settlements has led to the use of plate-loading tests as a method of in situ determination of soil-deformation properties. The results of bearing-plate tests, especially when presented in graphical form, serve as a way to estimate allowable pressures and deformation moduli calculations. The magnitudes of plate settlements and the configurations of plate load-settlement curves determine decisions as to the acceptance of certain types and dimensions of foundations. This paper describes settlements of plates/experimental footings on soils in which deformation properties improve with increasing depth. A simple interpretation formula is offered to calculate allowable pressures. The application of this formula is demonstrated in plate-load test results published in the literature. Erratum to this paper appears in 18(3).
In addition to plastic in the oceans, plastic contamination in arable land throughout Europe and other parts of the world is a growing problem. No standards exist for these types of soil pollutants, nor for pesticide residues or their degradation products. For this reason, Professor Violette Geissen is calling for standards to be implemented. On 15 June, Geissen will deliver her inaugural address as professor holding a personal chair at Wageningen University & Research.
Plastic covers are used in agriculture...
This study was conducted to understand the patterns of plant species richness in the Three Gorges Reservoir after 5 years after 175 m submergence. We hypothesized that hygrophyte and xerophyte species would show different species richness patterns, which was tested by collecting species composition and environmental variable data in 50 m long and 5 m wide transects in the drawdown zone from 145 m to 180 m. Xerophyte species richness (XSR) was highest in the middle of the drawdown zone, whereas hygrophyte species...
This study investigates the interaction of persulfate with soil components and chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs), using thermally activated persulfate oxidation in three soil types: high sand content; high clay content; and paddy field soil. The effect of soil composition on the available oxidant demand and CVOC removal rate was evaluated. Results suggest that the treatment efficiency of CVOCs in soil can be ranked as follows: cis-1,2-dichloroethene > trichloroethylene > 1,2-dichloroethane >...
Varied predictions for soil organic matter as climate changes
The hottest months. The snowiest winters. Catastrophic floods and droughts.
Climate change impacts lives across the world in drastic and unpredictable ways. This unpredictability also extends to the more subtle – yet still important – effects of climate change.
For example, it is uncertain how climate change will affect soils and their ability to support productive farms or healthy natural ecosystems.
In a new study, researchers used...
Rice and wheat are major cereal crops in Nepal. Climate change impacts are widespread and farmers in developing countries like Nepal are among the most vulnerable. A study was carried out to assess the impact of climate change on yield and irrigation water requirement of these cereal crops in Bhaktapur, Nepal. Laboratory and soil-plant-air-water analysis showed silt-loam being the most dominant soil type in the study area. A yield simulation model, AquaCrop, was able to simulate the crop yield with reasonable...
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