In this study, a submerged aerated filter (SAF) using bottle caps as a support medium was evaluated. The system was fed with effluent from an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket system at ETE 2-South wastewater treatment plant, under different volumetric organic load rates (VOLRs). The population of a particular nitrifying microbial community was assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization with specific oligonucleotide probes. The system showed an average removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) equal to 76% for VOLRs between 2.6 and 13.6 kg COD m−3_media.day−1. The process of nitrification in conjunction with the removal of organic matter was observed from applying VOLRs lower than 5.5 kg COD m−3_media.day−1 resulting in 78% conversion of NH4+-N. As the applied organic load was reduced, an increase in the nitrifying bacteria population was observed compared with total 4′-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) stained cells. Generally, SAF using bottle caps as a biological aerated filter medium treating wastewater from an anaerobic system showed promising removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and conversion of NH4+-N.
The wireless vibration network of Wi-care system consists of the communication between three components; the transmitter, the range extender and the receiver. The transmitter is fixed on the machine and transmits the vibration and the temperature data at the measurement point. The second element of the Wi-care wireless network is the range extender, its function is to transmit vibration and temperature data over long distances to the receiver. The third part of the communication path is the receiver/gateway which...
Overview:
The State Commission of Public Services of Mexicali (CESPM) is a Decentralized Public Organization of the State Government of Baja California in Mexico. CESPM oversees the planning, construction, operation, and maintenance of the potable and wastewater infrastructure in the Mexicali municipality.
The Zaragoza Wastewater Treatment Plant is the CESPM’s largest plant with a design capacity of 1,300 liters per second, or nearly 30 million gallons per day. The plant treats 55% of the wastewater...
Man-made lagoons have been used worldwide for the treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater, it seems, forever. All waste lagoons were first designed and thoughtfully planned considering their locations, soil makeup, and waste reduction processes prior to being implemented. The biological process of organic waste reduction is always a consideration of waste lagoon designs. There are three biological concepts considered for waste lagoons -
Anaerobic lagoons, commonly at least 10 feet deep, have no dissolved...
Many horse racetracks throughout the world are designed to drain water from the track into a lagoon that is located in the infield of the track. Due to the track being predominantly used for horse racing, there is a high amount of fecal coliform, especially of the Escherichia coli species, bacteria in the water that drains from the track. During the racing season, fecal coliform and E. coli counts increase dramatically and the subsequent drainage of these lagoons can become a problem for the receiving waters.In...
Old municipal and industrial wastewater lagoons have the tendency to build islands of sludge at various locations around the lagoon. It is most common for older lagoons to build such islands wherever wastewater enters the lagoons. Of course, this is because the solids entering the lagoon have enough weight to fall out of the water as flow velocity is reduced, so the solids pile up just after entering the lagoon. Sometimes these sludge islands will build very near a surface aerator, because the violence of the...
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