Using LC50 for metals as Water Quality indicator
One of the causes of low yields or productive deficiencies, in the stage of production of fresh water, more gifts in the aquaculture industry of salmon in Chile, has its origin in the presence of naturally occurring metals, both in bodies of fresh water as in deep wells. The toxicity of metals such as Aluminum and Copper, others, has been described previously and their presence in waters of our productive areas is due to the characteristics of the matrix geological, very rich in soluble minerals. Background to date indicate which together with the geological factors indicated above, the climate and activity seismic activity play a fundamental role in dynamics of physicochemical composition of the water and, consequently, productive variability. Instability of natural waters in Chile, not only manifests itself as changes in the composition of metals, but also In the concentrations of other variables physicochemical parameters that modulate their toxicity. Among these we can identify, among ther, pH, Alkalinity, Ca ++, Mg ++, Na + Cl-, Total Organic Carbon (TOC), SW. The above condition produces limitations when interpreting the levels of metals in water (both for open-flow fish farms as o recirculation) in a health framework of fishes. As a consequence, the use of absolute concentrations of metals, without consider the modulating parameters mentioned above, produces the risk of discarding bodies of fresh water usabe, validate the use of bodies of freshwater at risk, to identify conditions of toxicity when not and / or discard them when they have were present. The foregoing, including also the risk of not identifying causes to correct the operation of productive systems and / or avoid failures of design. In this context, an aspect which is relevant to the interpretation of these variables, are the recirculation systems, where for the of the parameters already mentioned, is added the effect of fixed biomass (TOC) and the dynamics of variables of metabolic origin that affect the physiological condition of the fish. This makes the analysis even more cComplex, with the necessary capacity consolidation of index data interpretable. This work shows follow-ups made over time on bodies freshwater, using the criteria of LC50 for metals such as Aluminum, Copper and Zinc, showing that these indices they are a useful tool and presenting itself as an alternative necessary in the context of the of water quality for the production of fish in freshwater stages (flow open and recirculation) in aquaculture in Chile.
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