Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of over 100 different chemicals that are known to be formed typically during incomplete combustion of organic matter at high temperature. Their major sources in the atmosphere include industrial processes, vehicle exhausts, waste incinerations, and domestic heating emissions. Due to their carcinogenic/mutagenic effects, 16 PAHs are currently listed as priority air pollutants.
It has been established that organic aerosol (OA) makes up for a major fraction of fine particulate matter in all region of the atmosphere. This fraction accounts approximately for half of the total PM2.5 dry mass.1,2 Primary OA is directly emitted in the troposphere from anthropological and natural sources whereas secondary OA (SOA) is formed in-situ in the atmosphere from the oxidation of biogenic or anthropogenic gas-phase precursors and subsequent partitioning of the less volatile products into the...
The aim : analyze ppb or ppb of H2S and mercaptans with the TRSMEDOR because of bad smell of exhausts from waste water treatment plants and also the toxicity of H2S and Me-SH.
Context & Challenges Globally, the wastewater treatment is the first public health issue. Urban development leads to urbanization near waste water treatment plant and extension of sewerage network. These aspects induce to an augmentation of sulfur compounds (H2S, mercaptans and sulfides) which are very corrosive, odorant and toxic. To monitor this compounds online CHROMATOTEC® offers high meteorological solutions. At the entrance of the waste water plants, where the waste water arrives, strongly...
Industrial companies produce during there manufacturing process toxic compounds such as Benzene or H2S. CHROMATOTEC analysers are able to monitor such compounds. For this kind of applications we generally find ranges of 0.1 to 10 ppm. The corresponding analysers for these applications are the chromaFID and the chromaPID, according to technical specifications (gas to be analysed, environment of the analysis, concentration range,…).
ontext & Challenges Globally, the wastewater treatment is the first public health issue. Urban development leads to urbanization near waste water treatment plant and extension of sewerage network. These aspects induce to an augmentation of sulfur compounds (H2S, mercaptans and sulfides) which are very corrosive, odorant and toxic. To monitor this compounds online CHROMATOTEC® offers high meteorological solutions. Odors are very distinct air contaminants as they generate nuisances. The factors playing a...
Context & Challenges How to analyze H2S, mercaptans and/or THT for detecting the odor of the gas with the ability to have total organic sulfur calculation in a metering station?
Context & Challenges Volatile organic compounds (VOC) can be dissolved in water. Sometimes water is polluted and to study contamination of VOC in finished drinking water, VOC must be measured. Chromatotec® Solutions Chromatotec® has developed a specific system for the measurement of VOC in water: a Purge & Trap system, the airmoPURGE. The analyzer is coupled with a degasing system allowing the extraction of dissolved gases. The complete system is based on: - 502.2 method from US EPA –...
This market is driven by law and legislations made in Europe and/or USA (US EPA). It deals with ambient air monitoring : analysis / calibration / automatic zero air in continuous 7 days a week. Ambient air monitoring: in France this service is controlled by associations that calculate the ATMO index. CHROMATOTEC instruments such as the BTX ,the Sulfur and the VOC analyzers can be a good complement of their analyzers such as O3, CO2, DUST… in the analysis of ambient air.
The ambient air in clean air rooms needs to be constantly monitored for the safety of workers and of the production according to the environment. A clean air room is a room where the concentration of particles is controlled in order to minimize the introduction, the generation, retention of particles inside, for instance for chip production or the production of medicines.
Steel, an alloy of iron and carbon (up to 2% of weight), is one of the most widely used construction materials. It is produced by Basic Oxygen Steelmaking (BOS) in a converter : oxygen is blown to form carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) with the carbon excess of molten pig iron. Other chemical elements (such as nitrogen) that may decrease the efficiency of furnace are also removed. Finally, oxygen is replaced by an inert gas (Ar) to minimize the oxidation.
During car manufacturing, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) associated with the paints are emitted to the atmosphere. These are carcinogen, toxic and lead to tropospheric ozone formation. Therefore, VOC emissions must be reduced. With this aim, Chromatotec® airmoVOC C6-C12 (GC-FID analyzer) has been used to monitor VOC emissions from a car painting line. Indeed, it can measure concentrations ranging from very low (ppt) to high (ppm) level, so it is suitable for emission measurements. When coupled to MS...
Air Liquide, Praxair, Air Products, BOC, Messer, Linde, Takachiho, Aga, etc. need to control the amount of impurities before delivery to customer in petrochemical or chemical industry.
Quality control of VOC in nitrogen or helium. Cylinders used for calibration. airmOzone PAMS (30 or 58 compounds). All Mercaptans compounds at very sensitive levels (down to 1 ppb detection limit). ppt (30 to 3000 ppt) in option.
Detecting CO2 impurities: Ammonia, Acetaldehyde, Benzene, Total Sulfur Content, Total Hydrocarbons, SO2, COS. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a commonly used additive in food and beverage industry (e.g. for soft drink, brewery, and champagne carbonation). Its fabrication process can lead to the presence of impurities such as aromatics, BTEX, ammonia, acetaldehyde, Total Hydrocarbons and sulfur compounds (Total Sulfur Content, SO2, COS, mercaptans...).
The aim : analyze H2S and mercaptans concentration in natural gas (ppm). These mercaptans are added to natural gas to make it smell to make it detectable by the human nose (odorization process and odorization control in pipes) : energyMEDOR ppm / 30 years’ experience. The compounds usually used to odorize natural gas vary from one country to another but are usually : Ter Buthyl Mercaptan (TBM) TetraHydroTiophene (THT) MethylEthylSulfide (MES).
The energyMEDOR ppb allows the end user to observe the speciation of each component of the Sulphur present in natural gas, or for quality control of disulphuric gas (ppb) after deodorization.
LPG is odorized to alert in case of leakage. Typical sulphur containing odorants area mercaptans such as TBM and EM, THT, organic sulphides such as DMS or mixtures. Gas Chromatography can provide the quantitative speciation of these odorants in LPG to check the effectiveness of the odorization.
H2S/Total Sulfur analyzers for Natural Gas pipeline integrity monitoring. During the extraction and processing of raw Natural Gas, midstream companies are required to track the level of Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and Total Sulfur (TS). Accurate analysis of H2S in Natural Gas is of high importance to reach natural gas standard and to avoid equipment corrosion, as well as the decrease of heating values.
Today different ministerial directives lead the market to follow the industries. There are power stations, incinerators (domestic wastes, mud, hospitals…) cement industry, glass.
Mercaptans or THT are added to natural gas to make it smell and to make it detectable by the human nose (odorization process and odorization control in pipes).
energyMEDOR ppm: 30 years’ experience.
The compounds usually used to odorize natural gas vary from one country to another but are usually:
Monitoring of liquid matrices by Gas Chromatography using a simplified and enhanced headspace sampling system
Chromatotec® presents a headspace sampling system designed to extract representative samples from the liquid phase. The vaporized sample can be preconcentrated using a trap to achieve quantification at very low concentration levels (ppb and/or ppm). Then, it is injected automatically and in continuous mode into the auto-GC analyzer. Speciation of sulfur compounds or VOCs is done with a...
The vigi e-nose is an analyzer able to track VOCs, Sulfur compounds and other molecules such as ammonia for example. It allows to provide a rich global fingerprint to correlate with human sensory evaluation as dynamic olfactometry as example. It is possible to train the vigi e-nose with human sensory samples to study correlation with ASTM 679-E04 or EN 13725.
As electronic nose, it provides chemical and olfactive fingerprint.
The odor market usually asks a spot measurement using dynamic olfactometry. This method uses human nose to quantify odor as global fingerprint. Chromatotec has developed a new solution for continuous monitoring as a complementary solution to the human nose. The vigi e-nose analyzer allows to monitor sulfurs compounds with speciation in addition to total VOC and odor index. Correlation with human nose according to EN 13725 method are defined site per site.