watershed Articles
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Regional risk assessment of the Puyallup River Watershed and the evaluation of low impact development in meeting management goals
The Relative Risk Model (RRM) is a tool used to calculate and assess the likelihood of effects to endpoints when multiple stressors occur in complex ecological systems. In this study, a Bayesian network was used to calculate relative risk and estimate uncertainty (BN‐RRM) in the Puyallup River Watershed. First, we calculated the risk of prespawn mortality of coho salmon. Second, we evaluated ...
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Development of a web application for Low Impact Development Rapid Assessment (LIDRA)
This paper describes the development of a database and a website to support the newest version of Low Impact Development Rapid Assessment (LIDRA) model, LIDRA 2.0, a planning level model for assessing the cost-effectiveness of low impact development (LID) and addressing runoff-related problems in urban watersheds. LIDRA 2.0 is a web-based application that generates stochastic precipitation data ...
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Monitoring for Long-term Trends in San Diego County
A monitoring program was designed with the San Diego County Co-permittees to: Be adaptive and provide long-term trend information to predict short- and long-term impacts to receiving waters that result from changes in land use within each watershed Provide data that can be analyzed to develop pollutant reduction strategies for those impacts. A total of 10 mass loading stations ...
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Development of a water quality assessment model: a water quality assessment model based on watershed characteristics by non-linear regression
Here, a water quality assessment model (WQAM) is developed by non-linear regression as an alternative to physical watershed modeling in South Korea. Three cases and 10 scenarios are applied and reviewed to determine the most appropriate WQAM. The three cases are: (1) the area size allocation of sub-watersheds, (2) the watershed imperviousness ratio, and (3) the combination of the area size and ...
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A Framework for Assessing Cumulative Effects in Watersheds: An Introduction to Canadian Case Studies
From 2008 to 2013, a series of studies supported by the Canadian Water Network were conducted in Canadian watersheds in an effort to improve methods to assess cumulative effects. These studies fit under a common framework for watershed cumulative effects assessment (CEA). This paper presents an introduction to the Special Series on Watershed CEA in Integrated Environmental Assessment and ...
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Assessment of heavy metal and PAH exposure in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) in the Reedy River watershed, South Carolina, USA: A multi‐season assessment of metallothionein and bile fluorescence
Biomarkers can be used as tools to help determine ecological exposure in watershed assessments. In the present study, metallothionein and fixed wavelength bile fluorescence for two‐, four‐, and five‐ring hydrocarbons were used as biomarkers of exposure in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) in the Reedy River watershed located in South Carolina, USA. Fish were sampled from three ...
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Performance-based incentives for agricultural pollution control: identifying and assessing performance measures in the United States
Current federal and state soil and water conservation programs consist primarily of cost-sharing or compensating farmers for implementing a set of pre-defined best management practices. This approach does not consider specific environmental outcomes or the cost-effectiveness of the program at the farm or watershed level. Performance-based incentives are payments that are attached to a specified ...
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Valued ecosystem components for watershed cumulative effects: An analysis of environmental impact assessments in the South Saskatchewan River watershed, Canada
The accumulating effects of human development are threatening water quality and availability. In recognition of the constraints to cumulative effects assessment (CEA) under traditional environmental impact assessment (EIA), there is an emerging body of research dedicated to watershed‐based cumulative effects assessment (WCEA). To advance the science of WCEA, however, a standard set of ecosystem ...
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Handbook for developing watershed plans to restore and protect our waters
This handbook provides information on developing and implementing watershed management plans that help to restore and protect water quality. A watershed is the area of land that contributes runoff to a lake, river, stream, wetland, estuary, or bay. A watershed management plan defines and addresses existing or future water quality problems from both point sources and nonpoint sources of ...
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Assessing the impacts of climate change on water resources in the Srepok watershed, Central Highland of Vietnam
The Srepok watershed in the Central Highland of Vietnam plays an important role in the economic development of the region. Any harmful effects of climate change on natural resources may cause difficulties for social and economic development in this area. The present study aims to predict and evaluate changes of water resources in the Srepok watershed under the impact of climate change ...
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Post-validation of SWAT model in a coastal watershed for predicting land use/cover change impacts
Watershed models are typically calibrated and validated with the same land use and land cover (LULC) dataset and later used in assessing impacts of changing LULC, such as urbanization, on hydrology and/or water quality. However, their performance in predicting water quality/quantity in response to changing LULC is rarely assessed. The main objective of this paper was to explore the ...
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The challenge of documenting water quality benefits of conservation practices: a review of USDA-ARS's conservation effects assessment project watershed studies
The Conservation Effects Assessment Project was established to quantify water quality benefits of conservation practices supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). In 2004, watershed assessment studies were begun in fourteen agricultural watersheds with varying cropping systems, landscapes, climate, and water quality concerns. This paper reviews USDA Agricultural Research Service ...
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Input-output model based ecological risk assessment for ecological risk management of watersheds: a case study in the Taihu Lake watershed, China
To achieve advanced watershed ecological management, policy-makers have struggled to predict ecological impacts for a long time. As a process of ecosystem analysis, ecological risk assessment (ERA) has been widely adopted to analyse the possibility of adverse ecological effects. ERA has developed from considering only a few indicators in an area to multiple sources and receptors in ...
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Social and biophysical impacts of watershed development programmes: experiences from a micro-watershed area in India
Rainwater conservation and soil erosion prevention are vital for the economic and financial sustainability of dry land agriculture. An integrated watershed development programme is thus a means of achieving these goals. Presently, integrated watershed management is receiving worldwide recognition as an effective model for watershed planning. A watershed is considered the basic geographical ...
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Long-term environmental impact assessment of agricultural land transition – a comparative case study
Agriculture is often blamed to be a leading source of water environment degradation. However, a fundamental question: ‘Would the reduction of agricultural activities lead to the recovery of water environment?’ remains insufficiently explored. The present work addressed this issue through a comparative study on two watersheds where agricultural policy was shifted from promotion to ...
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Watershed characterization and planning to help District meet consent decree case study
Sanitation District No. 1 of Northern Kentucky has signed the nation’s first wet weather consent decree based on the principles of adaptive watershed management. LimnoTech is working with the District, its gray and green infrastructure consultants, and stakeholders to develop watershed plans that meet requirements of the consent decree for sewer overflows. Problem The District must develop ...
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Scale, assessment components and reference conditions: Issues for cumulative effects assessment in Canadian watersheds
Recent years have witnessed an increase in the use of watershed‐based cumulative effects assessment (WCEA) in Canada; however, several challenges remain regarding its effective implementation and execution. Fundamental to WCEA is the establishment of linkages between environmental stressors and particular and measurable components of the aquatic environment. There are dynamic and often ...
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Watershed modeling to assess the sensitivity of streamflow, nutrient, and sediment loads to potential climate change and urban development in 20 U.S. watersheds.
Watershed modeling was conducted in 20 large, U.S. watersheds to characterize the sensitivity of streamflow, nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus), and sediment loading to a range of plausible mid-21st century climate change and urban development scenarios. The study also provides an improved understanding of methodological challenges associated with integrating existing tools (e.g., climate models, ...
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Assessing the microbial quality of a tropical watershed with an urbanization gradient using traditional and alternate fecal indicators
Urbanization affects the microbial loading into tropical streams, but its impact on water quality varies across watersheds. Rainfall in tropical environments also complicates microbial dynamics due to high seasonal and annual variations. Understanding the dynamics of fecal contamination in tropical surface waters may be further hindered by limitations from the utilization of traditional ...
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Monitoring Tools for Watershed Assessments
Weston Solutions, Inc. (WESTON®) has designed and implemented a watershed-based monitoring program with the San Diego County Copermittees. The monitoring program includes three elements: Mass Loading Station (MLS) Monitoring, Stream Bioassessment Monitoring, and Ambient Bay and Lagoon Monitoring. The core program includes the collection and analysis of stormwater runoff during three storm ...
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