air quality dispersion model Articles
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Your local waste management operation spends more time on odour management than you think
When it comes to odour management at landfills, it’s widely accepted that prevention is better than a cure. Any possibility of slightly reducing odour impact can save navigating the fallout of a disruptive situation for waste management operations and local communities. However, odour is notoriously difficult to measure and manage. Moreover, limiting the impact of offensive odours is a ...
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Model output data integration using a Web Map Server
Maps are one of the basic products that can be created from numerical model output data. Whether numerical weather prediction models, air quality photochemical models, air dispersion models, wave models or any other, it is useful to show in a map different fields like the air temperature, wind speed and direction, pollutants concentration, significant wave height or any other variable obtained ...
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Modeling Tip: How to Set Up Variable Density Receptor Grid in AERMOD
BREEZE is the market-leading air dispersion modeling software used by environmental professionals around the world Receptors are specific locations, set up in air quality dispersion models, where ambient concentration estimates or deposition values are needed. If the model is being used to conduct an air quality analysis for regulatory purposes, it is important to identify the extent and ...
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Dispersion models and air quality data for population exposure assessment to air pollution
Evaluating the extent of exposure to chemicals in absence of continuous measurements of their concentration in air and direct measures of personal exposure is crucial for epidemiological studies. Dispersion models can be a useful tool for reproducing spatio-temporal distribution of contaminants emitted by a specific source. However, they cannot easily be applied to short-term epidemiological ...
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A congestion sensitive approach to modelling road networks for air quality management
This research establishes an approach to modelling a congested road network for air quality management, which enables the assessment of traffic management solutions that may create only subtle changes in the traffic flow regimes. Road network emissions have been calculated using standard factors taking into account details of vehicle fleet composition, average speeds and road type. Additionally, ...
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Determinating the influence of different PM 10 sources on air quality in Ljubljana basin with CALPUFF dispersion model
Ljubljana has an unfavourable geographical location in the basin, almost entirely surrounded by high hills. Winds in the basin are often weak and situations with temperature inversion are very frequent, therefore, many PM 10 daily limit value exceedances were observed in 2011. The Directive 2008/50/EC (EU, 2008) requires member states to adjust or provide new air quality plans in order to ...
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ADMS–Urban: developments in modelling dispersion from the city scale to the local scale
Many countries perform national air quality assessments using grid–based numerical air dispersion models, generally referred to as 'regional' models. Advantages of these models include the ability to use temporally and spatially varying meteorology and model chemical reactions over large temporal and spatial scales. These models usually perform reasonably well against rural and urban background ...
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Calculations of external irradiation from radioactive plume in the early stage of a nuclear accident
A mathematical method for real–time calculations of cloudshine doses/dose rates used for purposes of online assimilation of model predictions with observations incoming from terrain is proposed. Model predictions of cloudshine doses have to be calculated simultaneously in an array of positions located on terrain around a nuclear facility. A modification of the classical straight–line Gaussian ...
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Estimates of lateral dispersion parameters in low wind speed conditions
Wind speed time series recorded during stable low wind speed conditions are typically non–stationary, with large horizontal oscillations, commonly known as meandering. In this paper, two wavelet–based methods are proposed to obtain lateral dispersion coefficients from such time series. These methods, associated with a specific wind model, have been tested by using wind velocities recorded, with ...
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Pollutant dispersion over two–dimensional idealised urban roughness: a large–eddy simulation approach
A series of two–dimensional (2D) street canyon models with a wide range of building–height–to–street–width (aspect) ratios are employed in this study to elucidate the pollutant transport over idealised urban areas. The large–eddy simulation (LES) is used to resolve the turbulent flows and pollutant transport in the urban boundary layer (UBL) over the street canyons. The results show that the ...
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Lagrangian modelling evaluation of the NOx pollution reduction due to electric vehicles introduction
In this paper, the problem of the atmospheric pollution due to the traffic emission from a large freeway is faced. To this aim, numerical simulations were performed and compared with measured data in a real case. The Lagrangian particle model includes a simple chemical scheme for the reactions between NOx and ozone. The results, compared with a field experiment taken in the literature, show that ...
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Sensitivity of ozone and aerosols to precursor emissions in Europe
We modelled the air quality in Europe during January and June 2006 using the MM5/CAMx model system and studied the sensitivity of ozone and aerosol formation to precursor emissions. Increased isoprene emissions by a factor of four in summer caused an increase in afternoon ozone by up to 10%. On the other hand, the effect on secondary organic aerosols (SOA) was very small. Reductions in NOx ...
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Modelling emission, concentration and deposition of sodium for Poland
The aim of this paper was to calculate natural and anthropogenic emission of Na+ and to estimate, with the FRAME model, annual air concentration and deposition of Na+ for the domain covering Poland. Calculations of natural emissions included marine emission and wind blown dust from land. Anthropogenic emission was calculated for both point and area sources. Emission maps were used in fine ...
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Atmospheric transport model applied to understand the effect of biogenic emissions to secondary atmospheric aerosol in hemiboreal zone
The SILAM model with built–in isoprene and monoterpene emission module from natural sources was run for May to August 2006 in Baltic Sea region. In this study VOCs were advected as passive tracers. Modelled hourly VOC–tracer concentrations were compared with sub–half–micrometre aerosol concentrations, simultaneously measured in Preila (Lithuania), Tahkuse (Estonia), Hyytiälä (southern Finland) ...
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Bulgarian emergency response system for release of hazardous pollutants - brief description and some examples
The present paper demonstrates some results of the system for modelling of toxic air pollution due to possible accidents in industrial sites. The emergency response system is designed to help the relevant authorities in making important decisions, concerning the evacuation of the population in case of toxic air pollution due to accidents in industrial sites. The system is based on the following ...
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Assessing the local scale annual air quality impact of industrial source from characteristic days
An approach of assessing the annual air quality impact of industrial sources from results of simulations performed for characteristic days, representative for different local scale dispersion conditions, is being studied. The methodology for selecting the characteristic days is presented. For classifications with different number of similar day clusters the air–quality directive limit and target ...
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An inverse modelling approach for estimating vehicular emissions in urban coastal areas of the Messina Strait
The CALPUFF modelling system was used to predict dispersion of contaminants emitted from industrial, naval and vehicular sources in the Strait of Messina area (Italy). This region is of particular interest in that it relates to the construction of the Messina Bridge, the road infrastructure linking the Italian mainland and Sicily. The domain includes two cities, i.e., Messina and Reggio Calabria, ...
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Pollen dispersion and pollen deposition modelling in micro–scale and regional–scale numerical models
The paper presents part of the research on model development of pollen dispersion and pollen deposition in an urban canopy layer. The CFD code StarCD was used as the basic computational tool for carried out studies. Three different approaches of pollen deposition was tested in two different scale numerical models, namely the regional–scale model covering area of 144 km² and the micro–scale model ...
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Large–eddy simulation of reactive pollutant dispersion for the spatial instability of photostationary state over idealised 2D urban street canyons
Dispersion of chemically reactive pollutants in the urban canopy layer (UCL) over twelve idealised two–dimensional (2D) street canyons of unity aspect ratio in isothermal conditions is examined. The reversible NOx–O3 mechanism is integrated into a large–eddy simulation (LES) model. The ground–level NO emission in the first street canyon and the background O3 in the prevailing wind initiate the ...
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Verification of SBL models by mobile SODAR measurements
Models of atmospheric pollutant transport need information about the structure of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). The most important characteristics for such applications are the parameterisation of the stable boundary layer (SBL) and the mixing layer height (MLH). Recently, many different schemes have been employed to calculate the SBL height, but there are many problems with applying ...
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