risk assessment Articles
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The European Union Risk Assessment on Zinc and Zinc Compounds: The Process and the Facts
A risk assessment on zinc and zinc compounds was carried out within the framework of Council Regulation 793/93/EEC on Existing Chemicals. This risk assessment basically followed the European Union (EU) technical guidance documents (TGDs). These TGDs are built on the current knowledge on quantitative risk assessments, mainly for organic chemicals. This article describes the tailor-made approach ...
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Considerations for Developing Alternative Health Risk Assessment Approaches for Addressing Multiple Chemicals, Exposures and Effect (External Review Draft)
This report is not guidance but rather a presentation of concepts that could assist the development of guidance. It presents risk assessment approaches and information on a subset of issues that are identified in the 2003 Framework for Cumulative Risk Assessment. The sequence of procedural steps suggested in this report is designed to emphasize the links between the exposed population and the ...
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U.S. EPA Releases Draft TSCA Chemical Risk Assessment
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) released its first draft risk assessments developed under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) “Work Plan Program” on January 4, 2013. The draft risk assessments cover particular uses of five chemicals found in household products. While the chemicals covered in these first draft assessments may or may not be of interest to ...
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Big pictures, close-ups, roadmaps and mind-maps: perspectives on integrated treatment of multiple risks
Integrated risk assessment is an attempt to deal with the management challenge of a multitude of risks or risk consequences. We studied perspectives of regulators, stakeholders and experts on cumulative risks from multiple stressors and on their integrated assessment in relation to environmental chemicals. We developed conceptual models of risk framing and risk information in policy contexts, and ...
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Risk Assessment and DUER Reporting With Eureka Plus
Case Study Information Business Need: This World Leader In Cable Manufacturer And Energy Solutions Was Looking For A Solution Which Produces The Single Risk Assessment Document (DUER) According To French Labour Code. Category: Cable Manufacturing Solution Provided: Eureka Plus Features: Identify Safety Risks / Assess The Severity, Exposure And Likelihood Of Each Risk / Central Chemicals ...
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Evaluation of uncertainty parameters in risk assessment of agricultural chemicals on groundwater contamination
Risk assessment is meaningful to quantitatively define adverse effects on human health and natural environment and it is possible to choose the most effective action related to groundwater contamination. In this paper, parameter uncertainties in risk assessment in geo-environmental system are examined through a probabilistic application of deterministic contaminant transport model using Latin ...
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Management of chemical exposure: the limitations of a risk-based approach
Risk assessment and risk-based management approaches are becoming incorporated into a wide range of disciplines as frameworks for use in critical decision-making pathways. During its rapid expansion, many of the assumptions, subjective judgements and irreducible uncertainties inherent within the risk paradigm are becoming increasingly overlooked. This paper provides a critical review of the ...
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Policy by analogy: precautionary principle, science and polybrominated diphenyl ethers
Through the acquisition of scientific data, knowledge is gained about the environmental fate and human exposure of chemical substances. From this knowledge, the risk of using chemicals can be assessed. As a means of facilitating the regulatory process, risk assessments can also compare the substance under investigation to other substances that display similar behaviour or structure, especially ...
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A risk management framework for the regulation of nanomaterials
Nanotechnology promises a plethora of benefits to society. Early research has established that some types of nanomaterials may be highly toxic to living systems, while others are seemingly inert. Nanotoxicology is a new field that has become the focus for risk assessment and management of nanomaterials. To address the potential risks either current chemical and particulate material regulations ...
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EU White Paper Could Spell Trouble
U.S. chemical producers and others should be concerned with the European Union’s (EU) Strategy for a New Chemicals Policy, commonly referred to as the “EU White Paper.” Although the white paper now is only a conceptual framework document, legislation to implement it is not far off. Background “New” chemicals in the EU are defined as those not marketed as of September 1981. They may not legally ...
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Reflections on new directions for risk assessment of environmental chemical mixtures
Currently risk assessment of chemicals tackles them as single substances affecting individual health endpoints. In reality, human exposure occurs to mixtures of chemicals, as they are present in the environment and consumer products. Combining the information from environmental fate analysis, epidemiological data and toxicokinetic/dynamic models helps estimate internal exposure. Coupling these ...
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On the role of ex post uncertainty assessment for risk management
A risk management decision whether a chemical compound present in the environment is potentially hazardous to human health will be among others based on large-scaled statistical analyses of empirical data of various sources. Observations from highly exposed and well-documented occupational cohorts are usually a matter of particular interest. Due to scientific progress, various new aspects will ...
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EPA Issues Draft Guidance on Pesticide Cumulative Risk Assessment: Framework for Screening Analysis
The Environment Protection Agency (EPA) extended the comment date on its draft guidance, Pesticide Cumulative Risk Assessment: Framework for Screening Analysis, in a Federal Register notice published on August 28, 2015. EPA’s draft framework provides guidance on how the EPA will screen groups of pesticides for cumulative evaluation. EPA proposes using a two-step approach, beginning with the ...
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Assessment and management of environmental risks from industries at Trans-Thane Creek, Bombay
This paper gives an overview of the risk assessment study carried out as part of the Inter-Agency Project on Assessment and Management of risks from industries in the Trans-Thane Creek area near Bombay. The scope of the study includes identification of hazardous chemicals in the industrial area, reviewing the possible sources of release of the chemicals, evaluating probable reasons for such ...
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National Petroleum Reserve Site (Occidental Petroleum Co.) - case study
Investigation, remediation, and closure activities Elk Hills, Central California The Summary We've helped establish a statistical methodology using soil data to evaluate and develop a site-specific background concentration for metals that are naturally occurring above screening criteria, but also may be present due to historical site activities. We're also developing the human health risk ...
By AlterEcho
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Environmental and health risk assessment of an oil contaminated site in the Mexican tropical southeast
The aim of the present study was the environmental and health risk assessment of the oil contaminated soil in the Mexican tropic. The case is based on the total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and polycyclic aromatic (PAH) soil contamination resulting from the activities of the oil industry over 70 years. The results of this study were estimated using CalTOX, a multimedia exposure model. The ...
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Common approach to comparison and standardisation of health risk from different sources of harm
Current specific and different approaches in health risk assessment and establishing safety standards developed for chemicals, ionising radiation and other risk sources are analysed. Some recommendations are given to adopt the common approach. A specific risk index R has been proposed for safety decision making (establishing safety standards and other levels of protective actions, comparison of ...
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Canada`s New Substances Program Publishes Risk Assessment Summary for Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes
Canada announced on January 9, 2015, that the New Substances Program has published six new risk assessment summaries for chemicals and polymers, including a summary for multi-wall carbon nanotubes. Environment Canada and Health Canada conduct risk assessments on new substances. These assessments include consideration of information on physical and chemical properties, hazards, uses, and exposure ...
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Dempster‐Shafer theory applied to regulatory decision‐making for Safer alternatives to toxic chemicals in consumer products
Regulatory agencies often face a dilemma when regulating chemicals in consumer products –namely, that of making decisions in the face of multiple, and sometimes conflicting, lines of evidence. We present an integrative approach for dealing with uncertainty and multiple pieces of evidence in toxics regulation. The integrative risk analytic framework is grounded in Dempster‐Shafer (D‐S) theory ...
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