toxic metal Articles
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Metal mixture modeling evaluation project: 3. Lessons learned and steps forward
A comparison of 4 metal‐mixture toxicity models (that were based on the Biotic Ligand Model and WHAM‐FTOX) was presented in the previous paper. In the present study, a streamlined version of the 4 models was developed and applied to multiple datasets and test conditions to examine key assumptions and calibration strategies that are crucial in modeling metal‐mixture toxicity. Results show that: ...
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Removal of ionic metals from wastewaters of COD determinations
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) determinations generate highly disruptive waste streams with chromium, mercury and silver. These should follow specific waste management approaches in search of environmental and economical benefits, for which this work reports simple chemical procedures allowing toxic metal removal. Chromium(VI) is reduced to chromium(III) and total chromium is precipitated with ...
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Which Metals are Green for Catalysis? Comparison of the Toxicities of Ni, Cu, Fe, Pd, Pt, Rh, and Au Salts
Environmental profiles for the selected metals were compiled on the basis of available data on their biological activities. Analysis of the profiles suggests that the concept of toxic heavy metals and safe nontoxic alternatives based on lighter metals should be re-evaluated. Comparison of the toxicological data indicates that palladium, platinum, and gold compounds, often considered heavy and ...
By SusChem
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Movement of toxic metals from small-scale industrial areas: a case study from Delhi, India
In India, an estimated 70% of the total industrial pollution load is attributed to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Among SMEs, small-scale industries continue to use obsolete technologies with no stringent rules for pollution control. Consequently, waste generated from them is generally dumped without treatment. These facts are strengthened from the analysis conducted on solid waste and ...
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Reproductive Toxicity of Binary and Ternary Mixture Combinations of Ni, Zn, and Pb To Ceriodaphnia Dubia Is Best Predicted With The Independent Action Model
Metals occur as mixtures in the environment. Risk assessment procedures for metals currently lack a framework to incorporate chronic metal mixture toxicity. Here, the toxicity of binary and ternary mixture combinations of Ni, Zn, and Pb was investigated in three large‐scale experiments using the standard chronic (7d) C. dubia reproductive toxicity test. These metals were selected because of ...
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Biotic Ligand Model of the Acute Toxicity of Metals, 2. Application to acute copper toxicity in Freshwater Fish and Daphnia
The biotic ligand model (BLM) was developed to explain and predict the effects of water chemistry on the acute toxicity of metals to aquatic organisms. The biotic ligand is defined as a specific receptor within an organism where metal complexation leads to acute toxicity. The BLM is designed to predict metal interactions at the biotic ligand within the context of aqueous metal speciation and ...
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Study on toxic heavy metals in Indian Carp (C.catla) and vegetation of Bhavan's College Lake of Andheri, Mumbai
The present paper deals with ecological study with reference to the accumulation of toxic heavy metals in the fishes and vegetation collected along the Bhavan's College Lake of Andheri, Mumbai. It was observed that the yearly average concentration of Pb, Zn, Cd, As, Cu and Fe in vegetation samples were 0.08, 0.15, 0.006, 0.45, 7.73 and 52.4 ppm respectively, which was higher than 0.05, 0.05, ...
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Cadmium potentiates toxicity of cypermethrin in zebrafish
Co‐occurrence of pesticides such as synthetic pyrethroids (SPs) and metals in aquatic ecosystems raises concerns over their combined ecological effects. Cypermethrin (CP), one of the top five SPs in use, has been extensively detected in surface water. Cadmium (Cd) has been recognized as one of the most toxic metals and is a common contaminant in the aquatic system. However, little information ...
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Zeolite modified with copper oxide and iron oxide for lead and arsenic adsorption from aqueous solutions
How to completely remove toxic metals from water is still a serious challenge, and is the mission that faces researchers and scientists today. In this work, zeolite/copper oxide (CuO) and zeolite/iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanocomposites (NCs) were prepared via a co-precipitation method. Several techniques were used for characterization of the prepared NCs including UV-visible, powder X-ray ...
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How are trace elements mobilized during the postweaning fast in northern elephant seals?
Northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) pups undergo a substantial intertissue reorganization of protein, minerals, and other cellular components during their postweaning development, which might entail the mobilization of associated contaminants.The authors investigated the changes in concentrations of 11 elements (Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Ni, Pb, Se, V, and Zn) in a longitudinal study ...
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Metal ions biosorption from dilute aqueous solution
Biosorption, using non-living biomass (mostly suspended), is briefly reviewed in this paper as applied to toxic metal ions removal, with particular focus on the kinetics and engineering considerations of the process. Several diverse kinetic models were successful in fitting the experimental data. Evidence was provided that the metal biosorption (on Aeromonas caviae biomass) is a complex process. ...
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Testing an application of a biotic ligand model to predict acute toxicity of metal mixtures to rainbow trout
We tested the applicability of a previously developed biotic ligand model (BLM) to predict acute toxicity of single metals and metal mixtures (cadmium, lead, and zinc) to rainbow trout fry (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from a single available data set. The biotic ligand model used in the present study hypothesizes that metals inhibit an essential cation (calcium) and organisms die due to its ...
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Acute toxicity of binary‐metal mixtures of copper, zinc, and nickel to Pimephales promelas: Evidence of more‐than‐additive effect
Metal mixture toxicity has been studied for decades. However, the results are not consistent, thus making it difficult for ecological risk assessment and regulation purposes. The objective of the present study was to use a systematic experimental design to characterize the toxicity of binary‐metal mixture of Cu, Zn, and Ni to Pimephales promelas, typically to determine if the effect of these ...
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Leaching of inorganic pollutants from fresh and partially degraded Municipal Solid Waste: a lysimeter study under tropical conditions
Leaching behaviour of inorganic ions from fresh and partially degraded Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) under controlled dumping conditions were studied. The major inorganic ions examined, except chloride, nitrate-N and nitrite-N, showed markedly higher values for leachate from fresh waste. Toxic metal concentrations were relatively low in leachate from partially degraded waste. The low leaching ...
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Application of coupled thermostatted columns in civil engineering and for leaching heavy metals of wastes from foundry sands and mining industry
For many years, the mining industry at Pachuca Hidalgo, Mexico, has produced silver and gold through a cyanide process. Solid wastes (tailings) of this process have been deposited close to centres of population. Many of the metals in these wastes are dispersed via wind and rain, and can be toxic to flora and fauna. Foundry sands are wastes, produced by the automotive industry, the metallurgy ...
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Cadmium ion removal by electroflotation onto sewage sludge biomass
Non–living, anaerobically digested, Activated–Sludge (AS) was examined (laboratory–scale experiments) as possible biosorbent for the removal of cadmium from dilute aqueous solutions. The application of electroflotation to the suspended biomass, was investigated in this paper as an effective solid/liquid separation technique for the metal–loaded biosorbent particles. The main parameters ...
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Cadmium accumulation and toxicity in the unicellular alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata: Influence of metal‐binding exudates and exposure time
Predicting metal availability and toxicity for chronic (several hours or days) metal exposure scenarios, even for unicellular algae, is a major challenge to existing toxicity models. This is because several factors affecting metal uptake/toxicity, such as the release of metalbinding exudates, changes in the kinetics of metal uptake/toxicity over time and algal physiological acclimation to ...
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Heavy metal leaching potential of discarded mobile phone wastes: a laboratory-based study
Mobile phones have experienced tremendous growth in India since their introduction in 1995. Hence, it becomes essential to estimate the toxicity of mobile phones for implementation of legislation that regulates sound management practices. In the present study, toxicity of disposed mobile phones in Delhi (India) has been estimated in terms of concentrations of leached heavy metals. Effort has been ...
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Electric arc furnace flue dust: characterisation and toxicity with Photobacterium phosphoreum
During steelmaking in electric arc furnaces (EAFs), 10 to 15 kg of dust, consisting of a mixture of zinc, lead and iron oxides and to a lesser degree chrome, nickel and manganese, is generated per ton of steel product. In many countries, the disposal of EAF dust in landfill sites is regarded as an environmental hazard, since toxic metals may be leached into drinking water supplies. This work ...
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Toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of nickel in Enchytraeus crypticus
Metal toxicity is usually determined at a fixed time point, which may bias the assessment of risks associated with varied exposure time. Time‐dependent accumulation and toxicity of nickel in the potworm Enchytraeus crypticus were investigated in solutions embedded in an inert quartz sand matrix. Internal Ni concentration and mortality were determined at 7 different time intervals and ...
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