Showing results for: water sampling Articles
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Detection of Giardia and Cryptosporidium cysts/oocysts in watersheds and drinking water sources in Brazil urban areas
The protozoan parasites Giardia and Cryptosporidium have been described as important waterborne disease pathogens, and are associated with severe gastrointestinal illnesses. The objective of this paper was to investigate the presence of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in samples from watershed catchments and treated water sources. A total of 25 water samples were collected and examined ...
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TEST RESULTS: atmospheric water is safe to drink
A certified lab has performed a test of a water sample obtained from one of Tsunami® atmospheric water generators. The testing was extremely thorough — the report that lists test results is 13 pages long, showing results with respect to more than 100 microbiological and chemical items. It shows that levels of Inorganic Chemicals, Synthetic & Volatile Organic Chemicals, Radionuclides ...
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Choosing the appropriate TOC analyzer for your application?
Abstract In choosing a Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analyzer, among the many factors that need to be given consideration are not only the current instruments and their accessories available on the market, but specifically to their method of sample oxidation in relation to the sample matrix. Different oxidation techniques may affect the analytical data due to the components within the sample ...
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Analysis of Epichlorohydrin in Drinking Water by Purge and Trap GC/MS
Abstract Epichlorohydrin (ECH) is a versatile starting material in the production of drugs and polymers. It is also used as an insect fumigant and a solvent for organic synthesis reactions. ECH-based polymer pipes are widely employed in the production of drinking water. Due to its extreme reactivity and toxicity, many foreign nations have begun imposing limits on the amount of ECH allowable in ...
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Introducing a New ASTM Method for the Determination of Total Nitrogen, and TKN by Calculation, in Water Samples
The USEPA Clean Water Act (CWA) requires national approval for all methods used for CWA compliance. There are approved methods for the determination of inorganic nitrogen (NO3-N, NO2-N, and NH3-N), and for organic nitrogen (TKN – NH3-N)2. There are no EPA approved methods for the determination of total nitrogen although it is a required parameter in many USEPA permits, including monitoring ...
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Characteristics and sources analysis of riverine chromophoric dissolved organic matter in Liaohe River, China
Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in riverine systems can be affected by environmental conditions and land-use, and thus could provide important information regarding human activities in surrounding landscapes. The optical properties of water samples collected at 42 locations across the Liaohe River (LHR, China) watershed were examined using UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy to ...
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Heavy metals, PAHs and toxicity in stormwater wet detention ponds
Concentrations of 6 different heavy metals and total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in stormwater runoff and in the pond water of two Danish wet detention ponds. The pond water samples were analyzed for toxic effects, using the algae Selenastrum capricornutum as a test organism. Stormwater and pond water from a catchment with light industry showed high levels of heavy ...
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Improved Purge-Trap/GC Analysis of Volatiles in Drinking Water by US EPA Method 524.2
The VOCARB 3000 adsorbent trap is suitable for monitoring volatile organic compounds in drinking water samples, as well as in wastewater and hazardous waste samples. This adsorbent trap meets the requirements of US EPA Methods 502 and 524.2. Relative standard deviation values were less than 15% for all of the compounds listed, and less than 7% for most of the compounds. Recovery of each ...
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Removal of NOM-constituents as characterized by LC-OCD and F-EEM during drinking water treatment
Natural organic matter (NOM) is of concern in drinking water because it causes adverse aesthetic qualities such as taste, odour, and colour; impedes the performance of treatment processes; and decreases the effectiveness of oxidants and disinfectants while contributing to undesirable disinfection by-products. The effective removal of NOM during drinking water treatment requires a good ...
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Quantitative Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Drinking Water by EPA Method with Headspace Trap GC-MS
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) refer to a group of easily vapourised organic compounds. Under atmospheric pressure, these compounds boil below 250C. Studies have shown that prolonged exposure to the VOCs could increase the risk of various health problems, such as cancer. VOCs are commonly present in gasoline, dry cleaning solvents and degreasing agents. Due to improper storage, disposal or ...
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Measuring Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) Continuously in Real Time
Real-time BOD monitoring is becoming increasingly popular, and it’s no surprise as the alternative is a 5 day wait for lab results. Continuous organics monitoring opens the door for many new treatment process control and optimization possibilities that can result in significant cost savings, improved water quality, and compliance peace of mind. Information can be utilized to more effectively dose ...
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Using UV Fluorescent Technology to monitor for organic pollutants
For many years the water industry has relied on traditional sampling techniques to monitor water quality in a wide range of environments. Traditional tests such as BOD, PH, Dissolved Oxygen and Ammonia have formed the bedrock of monitoring parameters. There are however other ways to establish water quality and UV fluorescence offers an up to date solution for the investigation of Organic ...
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Characterizing natural dissolved organic matter in a freshly submerged catchment (Three Gorges Dam, China) using UV absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy and PARAFAC
This study applied parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) to fluorescence excitation–emission matrices (EEMs) of natural water samples in a freshly submerged catchment in the upper reach of Three Gorges Dam (China). Two fluorescent natural dissolved organic matter (NDOM) components (humic/fulvic-like) were uncovered and were positively correlated with selected water quality parameters, i.e. dissolved ...
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Case study N°AA7 – Ambiant air monitoring – VOC Purge & trap
Context & Challenges Volatile organic compounds (VOC) can be dissolved in water. Sometimes water is polluted and to study contamination of VOC in finished drinking water, VOC must be measured. Chromatotec Solutions Chromatotec has developed a specific system for the measurement of VOC in water: a Purge & Trap system, the airmoPURGE. The analyzer is coupled with a degasing system ...
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Multiplex PCR for detection of water-borne bacteria
Microbial water-borne diseases still affect developing countries and are major water quality concerns throughout the world. Routine culture-based methods of identifying bacterial pathogens in water sources are laborious and time-consuming. Recently, the use of molecular techniques such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has provided rapid and highly promising detection methods. In this ...
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Zero-valent aluminum-mediated degradation of Bisphenol A in the presence of common oxidants
The use of a commercial, nano-scale zero-valent aluminum (ZVA) powder was explored for the treatment of aqueous Bisphenol A (BPA). The study focused on the (i) activation of hydrogen peroxide (HP) and persulfate (PS) oxidants with ZVA to accelerate BPA degradation, (ii) comparison of the treatment performance in pure and real surface water (SW) samples, (iii) effects on toxicity and (iv) ...
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Automated Dilution of Samples Using US EPA Method 8260 on the Teledyne Tekmar Atomx XYZ and Thermo Scientific TRACE 1310 GC and ISQ 7000 MS with an Advanced Electron Ionization (AEI) Source
Abstract The Teledyne Tekmar Atomx XYZ purge and trap (P&T) system performed the automated dilution of high-level volatile organic compound (VOCs) water samples using US EPA Method 8260. Determination was performed by a Thermo Scientific TRACE 1310 Gas Chromatograph (GC) and ISQ 7000 Mass Spectrometer (MS) with Advanced Electron Ionization (AEI) Source. A working linear calibration curve for ...
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Organic compounds migrating from plastic pipes into water
Case studies were carried out to identify potential chemical contaminants migrating to drinking water from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polyethylene (PE) pipes, available on the Polish market. Analyses were carried out by gas chromatography (GC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS). Analysis of organotin compounds in water in contact with PVC pipes from different manufacturers found variability: ...
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Validation of USEPA Method 8260C Using Teledyne Tekmar Atomx, and Perkin-Elmer Clarus 600 GC/MS
Abstract In order to determine the concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in water and soil matrices the USEPA developed Method 8260C1 in conjunction with preparative Methods 50302 and 50353 . Water and soil samples were analyzed in this study. A working linear calibration curve and Method Detection Limits (MDLs) will be demonstrated for the target compound list. The water study used ...
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Solving Water Vapor Challenges in Total Organic Carbon Analysis with NDIR
A review and comparison of common methods to remove moisture from a gas for analysis. What is TOC Analysis? Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analysis measures the amount of carbon present in organic compounds in a sample of water or liquid. It is a non-specific indicator of purity and quality, often detected as CO2 in fractional ppm to ppb ranges. Total organic ...
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