total organic carbon Articles
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Measuring total organic carbon in wastewater
The continuous TOC analysis of industrial waste water is known to be problematic especially, when the TOC analyser is used as a spill monitor for heavily polluted waste water containing a high-load of particles. Thus, most operators require analysers that enable accurate TOC (total organic carbon) measurements. But do they really get those? Common analysers suffer from clogging and blockages due ...
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Confined plasma gliding arc discharges
A confined plasma gliding arc is produced in a reactor with two-electrodes contained within a very narrow channel and water spray injected into the discharge. The evolution of pH and conductivity and the formation of hydrogen peroxide in pure water with different carrier gases and the decolourisation and mineralisation of an organic dye were compared with results for a non-confined ...
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Total Organic Carbon (TOC) Analysis
What is Total Organic Carbon (TOC) Analysis? Total Organic Carbon (TOC) is the amount of carbon that is found in an organic compound. It has become an important indication of approximate levels of organic contamination and can therefore be used as a suggestion of water quality. In many cases, Total Organic Carbon analysis is used as an on-going monitor of change or lack of change in organic ...
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Analyzing Total Organic Carbon in Sea Water
Abstract The analysis of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) in seawater can be both challenging and expensive. The concentration of organic carbon in seawater is of considerable interest. The effect this matrix can have on TOC analyzers can lead to rapid consumable turnover, costly maintenance and repairs. Laboratories are continually looking to increase sample throughput, decrease overall cost of ...
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Measurement of TOC in High-Salt Sample
The quantity of organic matter in seawater is important in the research and monitoring of marine pollution as an indicator of organic pollution. The salt content in seawater is typically about 3.5 %, but using the Shimadzu total organic carbon analyzer, it is possible to measure the TOC directly without dilution or other pretreatment procedures. Here, we introduce an example of measurement of ...
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The Effects of Furnace Configuration Using The Torch High Temperature Combustion Analyzer
Abstract In the evaluation of industrial process waters and wastewaters, of particular interest is organic carbon contamination from either microbial or synthetic derivatives, due to their possible environmental impact. High temperature combustion total organic carbon analyzers provide the most efficient way to measure organic carbon in these waters. The furnace parameters for high temperature ...
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TOC and TN Measurements of Seawater
For pollution control of the ocean and in the research of the ocean environment, the measurement of total organic carbon (TOC) is regarded as an important index of organic contaminants contained in seawater. At the same time, the measurement of total nitrogen (TN), which is known to cause eutrophication, is also attracting attention for environmental pollution control and in ecological ...
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Ammonium adsorption by tidal flat surface sediments from the Yangtze Estuary
Ammonium adsorption by sediments plays an important role in the cycle of nitrogen in the estuarine tidal flat ecosystem. Ammonium adsorption on tidal flat sediments from the Yangtze estuary was studied using the simulation experiment. The findings indicated that there was linear adsorption by the tidal flat sediments for the lower ammonium concentration (<10 mM) in the overlying waters. The ...
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TOC Analysis of 3% Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) Using the Teledyne Tekmar Lotix TOC Analyzer
Abstract Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is used in numerous industries and has a variety of uses including sterilization, wastewater treatment, bleaching and as a propellant. The analysis of hydrogen peroxide for total organic carbon (TOC) content is a quality control (QC) test used to ensure purity. This application note will demonstrate that the Teledyne Tekmar Lotix TOC analyzer is robust enough to ...
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Total Organic Carbon Analysis for Purified Water and Water for Injection
Abstract In pharmaceuticals, water, specifically Purified Water (PW) and Water for Intravenous Injection (WFI), is vital for drug preparation. Producing and ensuring the cleanliness of this water entails very strict quality control and precise analytical testing methods. The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and Japanese Pharmacopeia (JP) have promoted Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analysis as the ...
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Heterogeneous photo-catalysis system for the degradation of azo dye Reactive Black 5 (RB5)
This study investigated a heterogeneous photo-catalysis system by introducing a novel brick supported iron oxide (denoted as B1) for the heterogeneous photoassisted degradation of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) at pH value from 3 to 7 in a three-phase (gas–liquid–solid) fluidized bed reactor (3P-FBR). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray powder diffraction ...
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Ozonation for the removal of bisphenol A
The mechanism of byproduct formation and oxidation pathway of bisphenol A (BPA) during ozonation process have been compared under acidic, neutral and alkaline conditions at an applied ozone dose of 5.3 mg·L−1 min−1. Alkaline conditions promoted the fastest removal and the pseudo first-order reaction rate constant was calculated as 0.15 min−1. Complete removal under alkaline conditions (after ...
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Effect of total organic carbon and aquatic humic substances on the occurrence of lead at the tap
Homes with lead service lines (LSLs) in the City of Brandon, Manitoba, Canada, were found to exceed the provincial standard of 10 μg/L for lead in drinking water. Solids identified by X-ray diffraction of LSL scale were Pb5O8 and PbO2, indicating that lead(II) solids in the LSL scale have been oxidized to lead(IV) solids by free chlorine residuals. Natural organic matter (NOM) can reduce PbO2 ...
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Leaching behavior of total organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus from banana peel
The leaching behavior of organic carbon and nutrient compounds from banana peel (BP) was investigated in batch assays with respect to particle size, contact time, pH value, and temperature. The granularity, contact time, pH, and temperature caused no significant effects on the leaching of total phosphorus (TP) from the BP. The maximum leached total nitrogen (TN) content was found at pH 5.0 and ...
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Comparative study on electrochemical 4-chlorophenol degradation in different diaphragm systems with combined reduction and oxidation properties
Two diaphragm electrolysis systems, two-electrode (anode–cathode) and three-electrode (cathode–anode–cathode), were compared for the electrochemical degradation of 4-chlorophenol. The performance of these systems was improved by feeding with hydrogen gas and then with air, in aid of the combined processes of reduction and oxidation. The 4-chlorophenol degradation, ...
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Suitability of Membrane Bioreactor for treatment of recalcitrant textile dye wastewater utilising white-rot fungi
A Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) – utilising a mixed microbial community dominated by fungi – was explored for treatment of a synthetic textile dye wastewater containing dye, starch (main contributor to Total Organic Carbon, TOC) and other nutrients. Preliminary batch tests confirmed the superior decolouration capacity of a pure fungus culture due to simultaneous biosorption and ...
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Photodegradation of Pb-3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid complex under UV light illumination
The degradation of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (3,4-DHBA) in the presence and absence of Pb2+ under UV illumination was studied. Addition of Pb2+ caused the formation of precipitate during photoreaction when the solution pH was higher than 6. The presence of Pb2+ remarkably inhibited the degradation of 3,4-DHBA and its photodegradation intermediates, while complexation of 3,4-DHBA and its ...
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Decontamination of a natural multicomponent aqueous liquid waste by titania photocatalysis
The aerobic photocatalytic degradation of municipal dump-site leachate at 300 K has been carried out in a pilot-scale bubble column reactor. The leachate feed is a complex mixture of various organics and nitrogenous compounds. Runs were performed over a 48-hour period at atmospheric pressure. Compositional analysis of aliquots from the reactor revealed simultaneous total organic carbon removal ...
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Catalysis of CuSO4 for total organic carbon detection based on supercritical water oxidation
The catalytic effects of CuSO4 in total organic carbon (TOC) detecting processes based on supercritical water oxidation have been investigated. Using benzoic acid as a model pollutant, the presence of a CuSO4 catalyst can significantly decrease the reaction temperature and H2O2 multiple during the TOC detection processes. A better TOC conversion efficiency was obtained at a much lower ...
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Choosing the appropriate TOC analyzer for your application?
Abstract In choosing a Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analyzer, among the many factors that need to be given consideration are not only the current instruments and their accessories available on the market, but specifically to their method of sample oxidation in relation to the sample matrix. Different oxidation techniques may affect the analytical data due to the components within the sample matrix. ...
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