effluent toxicity testing Articles
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Whole Effluent Toxicity Testing
What is Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) testing? Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) testing is an important component of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (USEPA’s) integrated approach for detecting and addressing toxicity in surface waters. The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program, authorized by the Clean Water Act, controls water pollution by regulating ...
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Joint Toxicity of Cadmium and Phenanthrene in the Freshwater Amphipod Hyalella azteca
Abstract The joint toxicity of combined metals and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons is poorly understood and may deviate from the summed concentration responses of the individual pollutants. The freshwater amphipod Hyalella az-teca was exposed to sediment-amended Cd and phenanthrene (Phen) individually and in combination using United States Environmental Protection Agency 10-day sediment ...
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Evaluation of Toxkits as Methods for Monitoring Water Quality in New Zealand
Abstract :The Resource Management Act 1991, of New Zealand, requires local authorities and industry to apply for consent to discharge effluent to water or land. The requirement for whole effluent toxicity testing is now being included in these Resource Consents. The Ministry for the Environment (MfE) has encouraged research which evaluates technology used to monitor environmental parameters (e.g. ...
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Daphnia magna wastewater toxicity assays: an interlaboratory study
In order to protect aquatic life, many acute and short-term chronic whole effluent toxicity (WET) tests have been employed for assessment of the toxicity of wastewater. Toxicity tests using biological responses to measure effects provide valuable information about the significance of chemical contamination. The response of an organism to contaminated effluents provides an integrated measure of ...
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Evaluation of whole effluent toxicity data characteristics and use of Welch's t‐test in the test of significant toxicity analysis
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and state agencies evaluate the toxicity of effluent and surface water samples based on statistical endpoints derived from multiconcentration tests (e.g., no observed effect concentration, EC25). The test of significant toxicity (TST) analysis is a two‐sample comparison test that uses Welch's t test to compare organism responses in a sample ...
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The biological basis of wastewater treatment
Introduction This booklet was written to fulfil the need for a simple explanation of the biological processes that underpin wastewater treatment. It attempts to show how the bacteria involved deal with the organic carbon in the sewage. Remarkably, there are just 3 major processes involved, and these mirror exactly the 3 major processes at work in the plant viz: biodegradation, oxygen removal ...
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Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) as a Tool for Water Quality Management
Whole effluent toxicity (WET) testing has evolved into a critical element of many National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits issued to both industrial and municipal dischargers. Over 6,500 dischargers to both fresh and salt waters are required to conduct toxicity tests to determine if their effluent might be potentially toxic to organisms in the receiving system. While ...
By AECOM
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Toxicity of Waste Dump Leachates and Sugar Factory Effluents and their Impact on Groundwater and Surface Water Quality in the Opole Province in Poland
Abstract : A battery of Toxkit microbiotests with 4 aquatic species from different trophic levels has been used to evaluate the toxicity of 2 types of point source pollution in the Voivoidship of Opole in Poland : percolating waters from drainage systems of 4 municipal waste dumps and the effluents of a sugar factory. In addition, the toxicity of groundwaters from 2 wells near 2 waste dumps was ...
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Root length of aquatic plant, Lemna minor L., as an optimal toxicity endpoint for bio‐monitoring of mining effluents
Lemna minor, a free‐floating macrophyte, is used for bio‐monitoring of mine effluent quality under the Metal Mining Effluent Regulations (MMER) of the Environmental Effects Monitoring (EEM) program in Canada, and is known to be sensitive to trace metals commonly discharged in mine effluents such as nickel. Environment Canada's standard toxicity testing protocol recommends frond count (FC) and ...
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Evaluation of the test of significant toxicity for determining the toxicity of effluents and ambient water samples
The test of significant toxicity (TST) is a hypothesis‐testing approach based on bioequivalence developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) for analyzing whole‐effluent toxicity (WET) and ambient toxicity data. The present study compares results of acute and chronic toxicity tests of effluent, storm‐water, and ambient (i.e., receiving‐water) samples using both the TST and ...
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