water data Articles
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Sharing Big Water Data
This post explores why we need data consistency across utilities and how we might maintain it with shared workflows. In use-case workflows, there are two processing stages before analysing water data. The first of these is basic cleaning – taking the raw data and removing unreadable data and duplicates, erroneous data spikes and getting timestamps into correct sequence. These processes ...
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Incorporating heterogeneity in non-parametric models: a methodological comparison
The operational environment can heavily influence the efficiency scores of the evaluated observations. If heterogeneity among entities is neglected, the efficiency evaluation is strongly biased. In this paper, we discuss five methodologies to incorporate heterogeneity in non-parametric frontier models which are robust for outlying observations. In particular, we examine the frontier separation ...
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Groundwater data network interoperability
Water data networks are increasingly being integrated to answer complex scientific questions that often span large geographical areas and cross political borders. Data heterogeneity is a major obstacle that impedes interoperability within and between such networks. It is resolved here for groundwater data at five levels of interoperability, within a Spatial Data Infrastructure architecture. ...
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Management of Ground Water Data as Part of an IWRM-Project, Vietnam
Reference Project: Management of Ground Water Data as Part of an IWRM-Project, Vietnam The Department of Natural Resources and Environment (DONRE) of the province Lam Dong in southern Vietnam is responsible for monitoring the quality and quantity of ground and surface water. This task includes identifying areas in which water quality is deteriorating due to human influence, such as land fills, ...
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Water diaries: a participatory approach to generating gender disaggregated intra-household water use data
Effective domestic water sector management and policy development requires quantitative and qualitative intra-household water use data. However, there are currently limited methods, and efforts, to collect such data. This paper outlines the Water Diary, a participatory research method to generate intra-household water use data. Combining self-reported individual water use and ...
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Chiller systems at a data center
Layer42 is a company that operates data centers in Silicon Valley. Air conditioning is critical to the operation of the data center. If the a/c fails, the computers in the data center may fail denying service to hundreds of thousands of users. After a thorough review of the risks and benefits, Layer42 asked Power Knot to install with its Synthetic Refrigerant Additive in the three chillers made ...
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Characterizing water quality monitoring visualization with Hadoop and Google Maps
In water quality monitoring, the complexity and abstraction of water environment data make it difficult for staff to monitor the data efficiently and intuitively. Visualization of water quality data is an important part of the monitoring and analysis of water quality. Because water quality data have geographic features, their visualization can be realized using maps, which not only provide ...
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Evaluation of a most probable number method for the enumeration of Legionella pneumophila from North American potable and nonpotable water samples
This study compares the performance of a novel most probable number (MPN) method (Legiolert™/Quanti-Tray®) with Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater 9260 J for the enumeration of Legionella pneumophila from potable and nonpotable waters. Data from the study showed that Legiolert exhibited higher sensitivity for the detection of L. pneumophila for potable water and ...
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A genetic programming technique for lake level modeling
The potential of gene expression programming (GEP) approach for modeling monthly lake levels is investigated. The application of the methodology is presented for the monthly water level data of Van Lake, which is the biggest lake in Turkey. The root mean square errors, mean absolute relative errors, determination coefficient, and modified coefficient of efficiency (EM) are used for evaluating ...
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Analysis and assessment of confined and phreatic water quality using a rough set theory method in Jilin City, China
In groundwater quality assessments it is easier and more effective to reduce the number of parameters included in water quality indices. A total of 20 quaternary loose rock pore water and tertiary clastic rock cranny pore water data sets were used for Jilin City, China, as basic data, and 10 water quality parameters were selected for reduction using rough set theory and a statistical analysis ...
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Why do water points fail? Learning from open-ended failure descriptions in the WPDx dataset
Despite the explosion of geospatial data collected on water points, there have been relatively few efforts to date to use these data to understand the correlates and potential causes of water point breakdowns. We add to this literature by coding open-ended responses around functionality status in the open-access WPDx (Water Point Data Exchange) database. We code responses into 41 different ...
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Identifying sources of groundwater in the lower Colorado River valley, USA, with δ18O, δD, and 3H: implications for river water accounting
Isotope measurements (18O, D, 3H) indicate groundwater origin in the Lower Colorado River Valley (LCRV) and provide an alternative, or supplement, to the US Bureau of Reclamations proposed accounting surface method. The accounting surface method uses a hydraulic criterion to identify certain wells away from the flood plain that will eventually yield mainstream Colorado River water. New isotope ...
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Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment
The book attempts to covers the main fields of water quality issues presenting case studies in various countries concerning the physicochemical characteristics of surface and groundwaters and possible pollution sources as well as methods and tools for the evaluation of water quality status. This book is divided into two sections: Statistical Analysis of Water Quality Data;Water Quality Monitoring ...
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Progress on water data integration and distribution: a summary of select US Geological Survey data systems
Critical water-resources issues ranging from flood response to water scarcity make access to integrated water information, services, tools, and models essential. Since 1995 when the first water data web pages went online, the US Geological Survey has been at the forefront of water data distribution and integration. Today, real-time and historical streamflow observations are available via web ...
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Beamforming for Therapy With High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) Using Quantitative Schlieren
Abstract The requirements for beamforming in high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for tissue destruction are substantially different than those for diagnostic imaging. High numerical aperture and CW efficiency are desirable for tissue destruction, while depth of focus and broadband sensitivity are key to good imaging. When the same transducer must be used for ablation and imaging some ...
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Wastewater reclamation and reuse in Europe: a model-based potential estimation
ABSTRACTThe basic aim of this paper is to present an approach to quantitatively assess the potential of municipal wastewater reclamation and reuse in a European context. The model developed is based on the analysis and interrelation of water management data like water availability, water demand and treated effluent. In conjunction with information about the current status of wastewater reuse ...
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Groundwater and surface water data management at Rosebery Mine, Tasmania - Case Study
Efficient management of the large monitoring data set is paramount given licence conditions imposed on the mine. Confidence in the data accuracy is crucial in forming the basis for interpretation and subsequent operational decisions. MMG has adopted an Environmental Data Management System (EDMS) comprising the following ‘off-the-shelf’ components produced and supplied by Earth Science ...
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Analysis of water level changes in Lake Urmia based on data characteristics and non-parametric test
Lake Urmia water level has fluctuated during many years. We investigated water level data (annual maximum, minimum and average series in the period of 1966–2012) to evaluate changes based on long-term and seasonal patterns over time, data characteristics and temporal change analysis. Our tools for the mentioned analyses included seasonal trend decomposition using loess (STL); normality and ...
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Reducing the sensitivity of the water quality index to episodic events
We demonstrated a general relationship between water quality index (WQI) values and indices of benthic community composition for a set of 32 streams from British Columbia and Ontario. Streams that produced lower WQI values tended to have benthic communities characteristic of degraded water quality. Streams, in contrast, that produced higher WQI scores tended to have a fauna characteristic of high ...
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