watershed modeling Articles
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Development of SPAWM: selection program for available watershed models
A selection program for available watershed models (also known as SPAWM) was developed. Thirty-three commonly used watershed models were analyzed in depth and classified in accordance to their attributes. These attributes consist of: (1) land use; (2) event or continuous; (3) time steps; (4) water quality; (5) distributed or lumped; (6) subsurface; (7) overland sediment; and (8) best management ...
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Climate change and watershed mercury export: A multiple projection and model analysis
Future shifts in climatic conditions may impact watershed mercury (Hg) dynamics and transport. We apply an ensemble of watershed models to simulate and evaluate the responses of hydrological and total Hg (HgT) fluxes from the landscape to the watershed outlet and in‐stream HgT concentrations to two contrasting climate change projections for a watershed in the southeastern Coastal Plain of the ...
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A watershed water quality evaluation model using data mining as an alternative to physical watershed models
This paper presents a data mining (DM)-based approach to developing a watershed water quality evaluation model (water quality evaluation model based on data mining (WQEMD)) as an alternative to physical watershed models. Three DM techniques (i.e. model tree, artificial neural network, and radial basis function) were employed to develop a WQEMD based on watershed characteristics (e.g. ...
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Watershed modeling to assess the sensitivity of streamflow, nutrient, and sediment loads to potential climate change and urban development in 20 U.S. watersheds.
Watershed modeling was conducted in 20 large, U.S. watersheds to characterize the sensitivity of streamflow, nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus), and sediment loading to a range of plausible mid-21st century climate change and urban development scenarios. The study also provides an improved understanding of methodological challenges associated with integrating existing tools (e.g., climate models, ...
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Development of a water quality assessment model: a water quality assessment model based on watershed characteristics by non-linear regression
Here, a water quality assessment model (WQAM) is developed by non-linear regression as an alternative to physical watershed modeling in South Korea. Three cases and 10 scenarios are applied and reviewed to determine the most appropriate WQAM. The three cases are: (1) the area size allocation of sub-watersheds, (2) the watershed imperviousness ratio, and (3) the combination of the area size and ...
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Analysis of uncertainty propagation through model parameters and structure
Estimation of uncertainty propagation in watershed models is challenging but useful to total maximum daily load (TMDL) calculations. This paper presents an effective approach, involving the combined application of Rosenblueth method and sensitivity analysis, to the determination of uncertainty propagation through the parameters and structure of the HSPF (Hydrologic Simulation Program-FORTRAN) ...
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Post-validation of SWAT model in a coastal watershed for predicting land use/cover change impacts
Watershed models are typically calibrated and validated with the same land use and land cover (LULC) dataset and later used in assessing impacts of changing LULC, such as urbanization, on hydrology and/or water quality. However, their performance in predicting water quality/quantity in response to changing LULC is rarely assessed. The main objective of this paper was to explore the ...
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Modeling low impact development potential with hydrological response units
Evaluations of benefits of implementing low impact development (LID) stormwater management techniques can extend up to a watershed scale. This presents a challenge for representing them in watershed models, since they are typically orders of magnitude smaller in size. This paper presents an approach that is focused on trying to evaluate the benefits of implementing LIDs on a lot level. The ...
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Estimation of flow in ungauged catchments by coupling a hydrological model and neural networks: case study
The prediction of hydrological variables for ungauged basins is still a big challenge. Regionalization is the most widely used method to date, which relates parameters of watershed models to catchment characteristics. Relating catchment characteristics to watershed model parameters is too difficult for distributed hydrological models, due to the heterogeneous nature of catchments. A regional ...
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EVALUATING HSPF IN AN ARID, URBANIZED WATERSHED
The Hydrologic Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF) is a powerful time variable hydrologic model that has rarely been applied in arid environments. Here, the performance of HSPF in southern California was assessed, testing its ability to predict annual volume, daily average flow, and hourly flow. The model was parameterized with eight land use categories and physical watershed characteristics. ...
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Climate Change and Watersheds: Exploring the Links, Science Matters Newsletter, 2013
EPA water scientists and their partners are studying how climate change may affect watersheds—the network of rivers and streams that feed into larger water bodies such as big rivers, lakes, and oceans. A recent EPA report, referred to as the 20 Watersheds Report, combines climate change models and watershed simulations to develop a better understanding of what changes to streams and rivers ...
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Participatory watershed management (PWM): an approach for integrated development of rural India: a case study from Karnataka, southern India
Watershed management is an emerging concept for the efficient use of rain run-off in the rural areas of India. The approach to watershed management is participatory in nature, people friendly, location specific, processed based and geared to cater to the problems and needs of the rural communities. Operation of watershed management is ideal where the rainfall pattern is very short, uneven and ...
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Evaluation of hydrological response to extreme climate variability using SWAT model: application to the Fuhe basin of Poyang Lake watershed, China
Differences between simulated and observed data often occur when the watershed model is applied under extreme climate. It is necessary to assess the stability of hydrological models in a wide range of climate variation. A case study was conducted in Fuhe basin of Poyang Lake, China using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, which was calibrated under different climates in average ...
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Modeling the impacts of climate change and future land use variation on microbial transport
The impact of waterborne micro-organisms (potentially pathogenic) on public health may be exacerbated by the combined effects of climate and land use change. We used watershed modeling to assess the potential effects of climate change and future land management scenarios on microbial water quality in the Pigg River watershed, located in southwest Virginia, USA. The hydrologic simulation ...
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The challenge of documenting water quality benefits of conservation practices: a review of USDA-ARS's conservation effects assessment project watershed studies
The Conservation Effects Assessment Project was established to quantify water quality benefits of conservation practices supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). In 2004, watershed assessment studies were begun in fourteen agricultural watersheds with varying cropping systems, landscapes, climate, and water quality concerns. This paper reviews USDA Agricultural Research Service ...
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Semi–arid watershed management: the experimental farm and representative catchment of the High Mountains of Sinai Peninsula
The need for watershed management models in the Arab Republic of Egypt - particularly in the remote arid and semi–arid desert and mountain regions - surfaced once again as one of the very demanding instruments for socio–economic and socio–ecological sustainable development. Highland watershed management and mountainous agriculture are highly impacted under the aspects of climate change, reflected ...
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Comparing impacts of parameter and spatial data uncertainty for a grid-based distributed watershed model
Parameter uncertainty in hydrologic modeling is commonly evaluated, but assessing the impact of spatial input data uncertainty in spatially descriptive ‘distributed’ models is not common. This study compares the significance of uncertainty in spatial input data and model parameters on the output uncertainty of a distributed hydrology and sediment transport model, HYdrology Simulation using ...
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Estimating changes in river faecal coliform loading using nonparametric multiplicative regression
Faecal coliform (FC) concentration was monitored weekly in the Tangipahoa River over an eight year period. Available USGS discharge and precipitation data were used to construct a nonparametric multiplicative regression (NPMR) model for both forecasting and backcasting of FC density. NPMR backcasting and forecasting of FC allowed for estimation of concentration for any flow regime. During this ...
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Modeling Phosphorus in the lake Allatoona watershed using swat: I. developing Phosphorus parameter values
Lake Allatoona is a large reservoir north of Atlanta, GA, that drains an area of about 2870 km2 scheduled for a phosphorus (P) total maximum daily load (TMDL). The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model has been widely used for watershed-scale modeling of P, but there is little guidance on how to estimate P-related parameters, especially those related to in-stream P processes. In this paper, ...
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