U.S. Indoor Air Quality Market

Sep. 6, 2012

NEW YORK, Sept. 6, 2012 /PR Newswire/ -- Reportlinker.com announces that a new market research report is available in its catalogue:

U.S. Indoor Air Quality Market

http://www.reportlinker.com/p0958093/US-Indoor-Air-Quality-Market.html#utm_source=prnewswire&utm_medium=pr&utm_campaign=HVAC

INTRODUCTION

STUDY BACKGROUND

This BCC Research market research report is an update of a report published in 2009. Since then, continuing media attention focused on the health effects of toxic mold, the outbreak of infectious diseases such as swine flu and the increase in chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma have resulted in a new interest in and closer attention to indoor air quality (IAQ) in homes, commercial buildings, schools and hospitals.

At the same time, the 2008 to 2009 recession and the subsequent overall weakness of the U.S. economy have had a negative impact on the market for IAQ equipment and services. Over the period covered by this report, however, building owners and operators are expected to purchase growing quantities of IAQ-related equipment and services in the hope of reducing or eliminating these contaminants from their buildings.

STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

The goal of this study is to provide an understanding of recent trends in the IAQ industry and their impact on various market segments. Specifically, this report attempts to determine the size of the overall IAQ market and its subcategories, such as IAQ equipment and technologies, IAQ consulting services and environmental services.

The report also defines and outlines the end-use market segments and settings that are expected to absorb most of the IAQ equipment and services. In addition, it discusses the indoor air contaminants that are of highest concern in these end-use markets, including mold and other biological contaminants, allergens, airborne pollutants and radon.

CONTRIBUTION OF THE STUDY AND INTENDED AUDIENCE

This study's author intends to provide insights into three main areas:

How large is the overall IAQ market and how much growth can be expected?

Which subcategories of the industry will see the most growth, which will see the least and why?

Which settings and end-use markets hold the greatest potential for future growth of which types of equipment and services?

In an effort to answer these questions, the author discusses many aspects of the IAQ market. Along with the equipment, technologies, instrumentation and environmental services market, this report also details the contaminants of highest concern, recent research related to these contaminants, regulations and guidelines concerning these contaminants, and the ventilation or systems needed to remove them from the indoor environment. The report also discusses the settings and end-use markets of interest, including homes, commercial buildings, schools and hospitals, as well as the reasons why IAQ is of great concern in each setting, contaminants specific to each setting and equipment or methods that might alleviate the specific problems.

For this reason, this study should be of interest to many parties, including manufacturers of IAQ equipment such as air cleaners and purifiers, ventilation systems, heating ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems, and replacement filters. IAQ consultants and testing agencies, mold remediators, asbestos abatement contractors and radon mitigation service providers should also find it useful. Finally, this report should be of interest to building owners and operators who are concerned about their indoor environments and would like to learn about methods of control and emerging technologies designed to solve specific problems.

SCOPE AND FORMAT

This report is confined to covering IAQ issues of concern to residential homes, commercial buildings and light industrial properties, schools and hospitals. It does not discuss IAQ issues relevant to heavy industry and manufacturing environments, nor does it cover IAQ issues, practices, equipment and regulations concerning confined spaces or aircraft. It does, however, discuss the equipment and services that are most relevant to private homes, office buildings and retail establishments, schools and healthcare facilities in great detail. The equipment covered includes air cleaners, HVAC equipment, HVAC replacement filters and IAQ instrumentation. Environmental services such as consulting and remediation and recovery are also specifically noted.

The report first covers trends and information related to the overall IAQ market. It then discusses the equipment subcategory of the industry and breaks that down into sections on each type of equipment. Next, it covers the consulting and testing industry subcategory and then the environmental services industry subcategory. Under each subcategory, technologies, trends, market value and growth are discussed. From there, the report covers the end-use markets including residential dwellings, commercial buildings, schools and hospitals. Each setting is discussed in detail, including specific contaminants, problems and solutions, as well as the types of equipment and services appropriate to each.

METHODOLOGY

The author first reviewed extensive secondary sources on the general topic of IAQ on equipment such as air cleaners, HVAC replacement filters and HVAC systems, as well as IAQ instrumentation on environmental services and on the settings in which these services and products are used. This information was supplemented with primary research, including extensive first-person interviews with industry experts; consultants; manufacturers of equipment; service providers; government officials; trade and professional associations; and personnel from public health, environmental and regulatory agencies.

Based on information obtained from these sources, the author determined the size of the overall IAQ market through extensive research, including first-person interviews and secondary sources of information. Through these same avenues, the author broke down the overall market into distinct subcategories and determined the size and growth potential for each category and environmental service.

The author then determined which settings were most in need of IAQ equipment and services, as well as how much of these items each setting might absorb. The potential market for IAQ products and services for each setting was based on the number of buildings in each category and the number of these establishments potentially affected by IAQ problems.

AUTHOR'S CREDENTIALS

This report is an updated version of an earlier report prepared by Joy LePree, an experienced freelance writer, editor, researcher and author with extensive experience in the IAQ market through her work for publications such as Industrial Maintenance and Plant Operation, Industrial Safety and Hygiene News, and Industrial Product Bulletin. Andrew McWilliams, the author of this updated report, is a partner at 43rd Parallel, LLC, a Boston-based international technology and marketing consulting firm. He is the author of numerous other BCC Research market opportunity studies, including ENV011A The U.S. Market for Clean Technologies, ENV006A Global Markets for Hazardous Waste Remediation Technologies, ENV007B The U.S. Market for Green Building Materials, and CHM020D Catalysts for Energy and Environmental Applications.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1

STUDY BACKGROUND 1

STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 1

CONTRIBUTION OF THE STUDY AND INTENDED AUDIENCE 1

SCOPE AND FORMAT 2

METHODOLOGY 2

AUTHOR'S CREDENTIALS 3

RELATED BCC PUBLICATIONS 3

BCC ON-LINE SERVICES 3

DISCLAIMER 3

CHAPTER 2 SUMMARY 5

SUMMARY TABLE U.S. IAQ MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 5

SUMMARY FIGURE U.S. IAQ MARKET BY SEGMENT, 2011–2017 ($ MILLIONS) 5

CHAPTER 3 INDUSTRY OVERVIEW 8

IMPORTANCE OF THE INDUSTRY 8

HISTORY OF THE INDUSTRY 9

DESCRIPTION OF THE INDUSTRY 12

IAQ EQUIPMENT 12

Air Cleaners 13

Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning Equipment 13

HVAC Replacement Filters 14

IAQ Instrumentation 14

IAQ CONSULTING SERVICES 15

ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES 15

CHAPTER 4 U.S. INDOOR AIR QUALITY MARKET 17

TABLE 1 U.S. IAQ MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 17

FIGURE 1 U.S. IAQ MARKET BY SEGMENT, 2011–2017 ($ MILLIONS) 17

INDOOR AIR QUALITY BACKGROUND 18

CAUSES OF IAQ PROBLEMS 19

TABLE 2 IAQ PROBLEMS FOUND IN NIOSH HEALTH-HAZARD EVALUATION

INVESTIGATIONS (%) 20

INADEQUATE VENTILATION 20

CONTAMINATION FROM INSIDE A BUILDING 20

CONTAMINATION FROM OUTSIDE SOURCES 21

MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION 21

CONTAMINATION FROM BUILDING MATERIALS 21

COMMON CONTAMINANTS 21

CARBON MONOXIDE 21

NITROGEN DIOXIDE 21

COMBUSTION PRODUCTS 22

OZONE 22

FORMALDEHYDE 22

PARTICULATES 22

RADON 22

ASBESTOS 23

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 23

ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE 23

EFFECTS OF IAQ CONTAMINANTS 23

TABLE 3 IAQ-RELATED ILLNESSES REQUIRING MEDICAL ATTENTION 24

COST OF IAQ PROBLEMS TO THE U.S. ECONOMY 24

TABLE 4 IAQ-RELATED COSTS TO THE U.S. ECONOMY ($ BILLIONS) 25

FACTORS DRIVING IAQ INDUSTRY GROWTH 25

MOLD RUSH 25

SEPTEMBER 11, 2001 AND THE THREAT OF BIOTERRORISM 27

SWINE FLU 28

AMERICANS' INCREASED AWARENESS AND OPINIONS CONCERNING IAQ ISSUES 28

TABLE 5 IMPORTANCE OF IAQ IN THE HOME (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S.

RESIDENTS) 29

TABLE 6 COMPARISON OF MALE AND FEMALE IAQ HEALTH WORRIES (% BASED ON A

SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) 29

TABLE 7 CONCERN REGARDING ALLERGENS IN THE HOME AND WORKPLACE BY AGE (%) 30

TABLE 8 HOMEOWNERS WHO WOULD PURCHASE PRODUCTS TO IMPROVE IAQ IN THEIR

HOMES (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) 30

TABLE 9 SOLUTIONS HOMEOWNERS WOULD PURCHASE BY TYPE (% BASED ON SURVEY OF

A 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) 31

TABLE 10 RESPONDENTS INTERESTED IN TESTING FOR MOLD (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF

1,000 U.S. CITIZENS) 31

TABLE 11 HOMEOWNERS PLANNING IAQ-RELATED IMPROVEMENTS (% BASED ON A

SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) 31

TABLE 12 LEVEL OF CONCERN REGARDING IAQ IN THE WORKPLACE, 2000 AND 2001 (%

BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) 32

CHAPTER 5 IAQ EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES MARKET 34

IAQ EQUIPMENT 34

TABLE 13 U.S. IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 34

FIGURE 2 U.S. IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, 2011–2017 ($ MILLIONS) 34

AIR CLEANERS 35

Air Cleaner Types 36

Tabletop Units 36

Room Units 36

In-Duct or Central Filtration Systems 36

Types of Air-Cleaning Processes 37

Mechanical Filters 37

Flat or Panel Filters 37

Pleated Filters 37

High-Efficiency Particulate Air Filters 38

Electronic Air Cleaners 38

Ionizers 38

Electrostatic Precipitators 39

Hybrid Filters 39

Gas-Phase Filters 40

Ozone Generators 40

Air Cleaner Standards 41

Standards for Portable Air Cleaners 41

Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers 41

TABLE 14 PARTICLES REMOVED WITH PORTABLE UNITS BY CADR AND ROOM SIZE (%) 42

U.S. Food and Drug Administration 43

Standards for In-Duct Systems 43

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning

Engineering 44

ASHRAE Standard 52.2 44

Military Standard 282 44

AIR CLEANER MARKET VALUE 45

Portable Versus In-Duct 45

TABLE 15 U.S. PORTABLE VERSUS IN-DUCT AIR CLEANER MARKETS, THROUGH 2017 ($

MILLIONS) 45

FIGURE 3 U.S. PORTABLE VERSUS IN-DUCT AIR CLEANER MARKETS, 2011–2017 ($

MILLIONS) 45

High-End and Low-End Portable Air Cleaners Sales 46

TABLE 16 HIGH- AND LOW-END PORTABLE AIR CLEANER SALES, 2011 ($ MILLIONS/%) 46

FIGURE 4 HIGH- AND LOW-END PORTABLE AIR CLEANER SALES, 2011 (%) 46

Air Cleaner Market by Technology Type 47

TABLE 17 U.S. AIR CLEANING MARKET BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($

MILLIONS) 48

FIGURE 5 U.S. AIR CLEANER MARKET VALUE TRENDS BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, 2011–2017 ($

MILLIONS) 48

Electrostatic Precipitators 49

High-Efficiency Particulate Air Filters 49

Ozone Generators 50

Ionizers 51

Air Cleaner Market Value by Application 52

TABLE 18 U.S. AIR CLEANER MARKET BY END-USE CATEGORY, 2011 (%/$ MILLIONS) 52

FIGURE 6 U.S. AIR CLEANERS MARKET BY END-USE CATEGORY, 2011 (%) 52

Air Cleaner Market Leaders 53

TABLE 19 LEADING AIR CLEANER MANUFACTURERS SALES AND MARKET SHARE, 2011

(%/$ MILLIONS) 53

REPLACEMENT FILTERS 54

Replacement Filter Technologies 54

Fiberglass 54

Pleated Paper 54

Media Filters 54

Electrostatic Filters 55

Electronic Air Filters 55

Washable and Reusable Filters 55

Nanofiber Filters 55

Additional Commercial-Grade HVAC Filters 55

ASHRAE Filters 56

HEPA Filters 56

Carbon Filters 56

Bag Filters 56

Filter Efficiency 56

Filter Performance 56

TABLE 20 EFFICIENCY OF REMOVING PARTICLES BETWEEN THE SIZES OF 0.3 MICRON

AND 1 MICRON FROM INDOOR AIR (%) 57

Pressure Drop 57

TABLE 21 PRESSURE-DROP RATINGS OF RESIDENTIAL HVAC FILTERS 58

REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET 58

TABLE 22 U.S. HVAC REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY END-USE, THROUGH 2017 ($

MILLIONS) 59

FIGURE 7 U.S. HVAC REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY END-USE, 2011–2017 ($ MILLIONS) 59

Replacement Filter Market 59

TABLE 23 U.S. RESIDENTIAL REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY TYPE, 2011 (%/$ MILLIONS) 60

FIGURE 8 U.S. RESIDENTIAL REPLACEMENT FILTER BY TYPE, 2011 (%) 60

TABLE 24 U.S. COMMERCIAL REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY CONFIGURATION, 2011

(%/$ MILLIONS) 61

FIGURE 9 U.S. COMMERCIAL REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY CONFIGURATION, 2011 (%) 61

Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning Equipment Replacement Filter Market

Leaders 62

TABLE 25 COMMERCIAL HVAC REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET LEADERS, 2011 ($

MILLIONS) 62

VENTILATION SYSTEMS 62

TABLE 26 CAUSES OF SBS (%) 63

TABLE 27 IAQ PROBLEMS NOTED IN 104 OFFICE BUILDINGS STUDIED BY NIOSH 63

Ventilation Systems Market 64

TABLE 28 U.S. VENTILATION SYSTEMS MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 64

FIGURE 10 U.S. VENTILATION SYSTEMS MARKET, 2011–2017 ($ MILLIONS) 64

Most-Promising Ventilation Technologies 65

Demand-Control Ventilation 65

Demand-Control Ventilation Technology Manufacturers 66

Energy-Recovery Ventilation 66

Heat-Recovery Ventilation Technologies 67

Drivers for Energy-Recovery Ventilation Technology 67

Benefits of Energy-Recovery Ventilation Technology 67

Humidity Control 67

Reduced Design Loads 67

Energy Savings 67

Safety and Performance Certification 68

Equipment Availability 68

Residential Use of Energy-Recovery Ventilation 68

Manufacturers of Energy-Recovery Ventilation Systems 69

Similarities Between Energy-Recovery and Heat-Recovery Ventilation

Technologies 69

Displacement Ventilation 69

Displacement Ventilation Manufacturers 70

Air Quality-Related Ventilation Equipment Market by Type 70

TABLE 29 U.S. VENTILATION TECHNOLOGY MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 71

FIGURE 11 U.S. VENTILATION TECHNOLOGY MARKET BY TYPE, 2011–2017 ($ MILLIONS) 71

Ventilation System Market by Application 72

TABLE 30 U.S. VENTILATION SYSTEM MARKET BY END-USE, 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 72

FIGURE 12 U.S. VENTILATION SYSTEM MARKET BY END USE, 2011 (%) 73

HVAC Equipment-Related Standards 73

ASHRAE Standard 55 73

TABLE 31 ASHRAE TEMPERATURE RECOMMENDATIONS 74

ASHRAE Standard 62 74

TABLE 32 CFM PER PERSON BY SPACE TYPE ACCORDING TO ASHRAE 62 75

ASHRAE Standard 62.2 76

ASHRAE Standard 90.1 76

IAQ INSTRUMENTATION 76

IAQ Instrumentation Applications 77

Measurements Used to Determine Air Quality 77

Comfort Issues 77

Temperature 77

Humidity 77

Air Velocity 77

Volume 78

Ventilation 78

Health and Safety Issues 78

Carbon Monoxide 79

Airborne Particles 79

Biological Contaminants 80

Chemicals in Aerosol Form 80

IAQ Instrumentation Market 81

TABLE 33 IAQ INSTRUMENTATION APPLICATIONS 81

TABLE 34 U.S. IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 82

FIGURE 13 U.S. IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET, 2011–2017 ($ MILLIONS) 82

IAQ Instrumentation Market by Type: Common Instrumentation 83

TABLE 35 U.S. COMMON IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY TYPE, 2011 (%/$ MILLIONS) 83

FIGURE 14 U.S. COMMON IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY TYPE, 2011 (%) 83

IAQ Instrumentation Market by Type: Specialty Instrumentation 84

TABLE 36 U.S. SPECIALTY IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY TYPE, 2011 (%/$ MILLIONS) 84

FIGURE 15 U.S. SPECIALTY IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY TYPE, 2011 (%) 85

IAQ Instrumentation Market Value by Application 85

TABLE 37 U.S. IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2011 (%/$ MILLIONS) 86

FIGURE 16 U.S. IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2011 (%) 86

Leading Manufacturers of IAQ Instrumentation 86

TABLE 38 IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET LEADERS, 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 87

Stationary IAQ Instrumentation 87

TABLE 39 PORTABLE VERSUS STATIONARY IAQ EQUIPMENT SALES, 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 88

FIGURE 17 PORTABLE VERSUS STATIONARY IAQ EQUIPMENT SALES, 2011 (%) 88

IAQ CONSULTING MARKET 88

TABLE 40 U.S. IAQ CONSULTING INDUSTRY MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 89

IAQ ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET 89

MOLD-REMEDIATION INDUSTRY 89

Mold Background 89

Mold-Related Health Effects 90

Mold-Remediation Practices 90

Remediation Plan 90

Mold Sampling 91

Remediation Equipment 91

Moisture Meters 91

Humidity Gauges 91

Boroscope 92

Mold-Remediation Clean-Up Methods 92

Wet Vacuum 92

Damp Wipe 92

HEPA Vacuum 92

Disposal of Damaged Materials 92

Biocides 93

Ultraviolet Lights 93

Mold Remediation Guidelines 94

S520 Standard and Reference Guide for Mold Remediation 94

Mold Certifications 96

Indoor Air Quality Association Certifications 96

American Indoor Air Quality Council Certifications 97

Institute of Inspection, Cleaning and Restoration Certifications 97

American Industrial Hygiene Association Certifications 97

Mold Legislation 97

Federal Legislation 97

State Legislation 98

ASBESTOS ABATEMENT 98

Asbestos Background 98

Asbestos Health Effects 99

Asbestos in the Home 99

Identifying Materials that Contain Asbestos 100

Managing Asbestos Problems 100

Asbestos Professionals 101

History of the Asbestos Abatement Industry 101

Asbestos Removal Industry Setbacks 102

Current State of the Asbestos Abatement Industry 102

RADON REMOVAL 102

Radon Background 103

Radon-Related Health Effects 103

U.S. Radon Problem 103

Testing for Radon 104

Short-Term Testing 104

Long-Term Testing 104

Reducing Indoor Radon Levels 104

Slowing of the Radon Repair Industry 105

IAQ ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET 105

IAQ Environmental Services Market: Services and Equipment 105

TABLE 41 U.S. IAQ ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 106

FIGURE 18 U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET, 2011–2017 ($ MILLIONS) 106

IAQ Environmental Services Market by Type 106

TABLE 42 U.S. IAQ ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET BY TYPE, 2011* ($ MILLIONS) 107

FIGURE 19 U.S. IAQ ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET BY TYPE, 2011* (%) 107

Reasons for IAQ Environmental Services Industry Growth 108

CHAPTER 6 IAQ END-USE APPLICATIONS AND MARKET POTENTIAL 110

FIGURE 20 IAQ MARKET BY END USES, 2011 AND 2017 (%) 110

TABLE 43 IAQ MARKET BY END USES, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 111

RESIDENCES 111

POLLUTANTS COMMONLY FOUND IN THE HOME 112

Respirable Particles 112

Organic Pollutants 112

Formaldehyde 112

Pesticides 113

Lead 113

Asbestos 113

Biological Pollutants 113

Nitrogen Dioxide 114

Carbon Monoxide 114

Radon 114

Environmental Tobacco Smoke 115

RESIDENTIAL INDOOR AIR POLLUTION AND HEALTH 115

Immediate Effects 115

Long-Term Effects 115

RESIDENTIAL MARKET 116

TABLE 44 COMMON RESIDENTIAL AIR POLLUTANTS AND CONTROL METHODS 116

TABLE 45 U.S. RESIDENCES WITH POTENTIAL NEED FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES,

2009 (MILLIONS) 117

FIGURE 21 U.S. RESIDENCES WITH POTENTIAL NEED FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES,

2009 (MILLION UNITS) 117

RESIDENTIAL IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET 118

TABLE 46 U.S. RESIDENTIAL IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($

MILLIONS) 118

FIGURE 22 U.S. RESIDENTIAL IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, 2011–2017 ($ MILLIONS) 118

RESIDENTIAL IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET 119

TABLE 47 U.S. RESIDENTIAL IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET,

THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 119

FIGURE 23 U.S. RESIDENTIAL IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET,

2011–2017 ($ MILLIONS) 119

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS 120

HEALTH PROBLEMS AND VENTILATION 120

CONTROLLING INDOOR AIR POLLUTION IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS 120

COMMERCIAL VENTILATION SYSTEMS PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS 121

Common Problems with HVAC System Design 121

Intermittent Air Flow 121

Distribution of Air 121

Building Supply and Exhaust Locations 121

Outdoor Air 122

Periods of Operation 122

Maintenance 122

Air Cleaners 122

COMMERCIAL BUILDING MARKET FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES 123

TABLE 48 U.S. COMMERCIAL BUILDLINGS WITH POTENTIAL NEED FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT

AND SERVICES (MILLIONS) 124

FIGURE 24 U.S. COMMERCIAL BUILDLINGS WITH POTENTIAL NEED FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT

AND SERVICES (MILLIONS) 125

COMMERCIAL BUILDING MARKET FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT 125

TABLE 49 U.S. IAQ EQUIPMENT IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($

MILLIONS) 125

FIGURE 25 U.S. IAQ EQUIPMENT IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS MARKET, 2011–2017 ($

MILLIONS) 125

COMMERCIAL BUILDING MARKET FOR IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL

SERVICES 126

TABLE 50 U.S. IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES IN COMMERCIAL

BUILDINGS MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 126

FIGURE 26 U.S. IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES IN COMMERCIAL

BUILDINGS MARKET, 2011–2017 ($ MILLIONS) 126

SCHOOLS 127

IAQ ISSUES UNIQUE TO SCHOOLS 127

IMPORTANCE OF ADDRESSING IAQ ISSUES IN SCHOOLS 128

INDOOR AIR POLLUTANTS OF CONCERN IN SCHOOLS 128

Biological Contaminants 128

Carbon Dioxide 129

Carbon Monoxide 129

Dust 129

Secondhand Smoke 130

Lead 130

Nitrogen Oxides 131

Pesticides 131

Radon 131

Volatile Organic Compounds 132

FILTRATION FOR IMPROVED SCHOOL IAQ 132

TABLE 51 AIR QUALITY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EDUCATION FACILITIES 133

SCHOOL IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET 133

TABLE 52 U.S. SCHOOL IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 134

FIGURE 27 U.S. SCHOOL IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, 2011–2017 ($ MILLIONS) 134

SCHOOL CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET 134

TABLE 53 U.S. SCHOOL IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET,

THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 135

FIGURE 28 U.S. SCHOOL IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET,

2011–2017 ($ MILLIONS) 135

HEALTHCARE FACILITIES 135

IMPORTANCE OF GOOD INDOOR AIR QUALITY IN HEALTHCARE FACILITIES 136

AMERICAN ISTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS GUIDELINES ON HEALTHCARE FACILITY AIR

QUALITY 137

HEALTHCARE-RELATED MARKET FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT 138

TABLE 54 U.S. HEALTHCARE IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 138

FIGURE 29 U.S. HEALTHCARE IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET, 2011–2017 ($ MILLIONS) 139

HEALTHCARE MARKET FOR IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES 139

TABLE 55 U.S. HEALTHCARE IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET

VALUE, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 139

FIGURE 30 U.S. HEALTHCARE IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET

VALUE, 2011–2017 ($ MILLIONS) 139

CHAPTER 7 GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES 142

FIGURE 31 MAJOR GLOBAL MARKETS FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT, 2011 (%) 142

TABLE 56 GLOBAL MARKETS FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 143

CHAPTER 8 PATENT ANALYSIS 145

SEARCH CRITERIA 145

FIGURE 32 U.S. INDOOR AIR QUALITY EQUIPMENT PATENTS BY TYPE, 2000-MAY 2012 (%) 145

FIGURE 33 U.S. INDOOR AIR QUALITY EQUIPMENT PATENTS ISSUED, 2000-2011 146

TABLE 57 COMPANIES ISSUED MULTIPLE IAQ EQUIPMENT PATENTS, JANUARY 1, 2000–

JUNE 30, 2009 147

CHAPTER 9 COMPANY PROFILES 150

3M 150

APRILAIRE 150

CAMFIL FARR 150

CARRIER CORP. 151

CLARCOR INC. 151

FILTRATION GROUP 152

FRIEDRICH AIR CONDITIONING CO. 152

GRAYWOLF SENSING SOLUTIONS 152

HALTON CO. 153

HOLMES GROUP 153

HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL 153

HUNTER FAN CO. 154

KD ENGINEERING 154

LENNOX INTERNATIONAL 154

MCQUAY INTERNATIONAL INC. 154

NU-AIR VENTILATION SYSTEMS 155

QUEST TECHNOLOGIES 155

RENEWAIRE 156

TESTO 156

TRANE 156

TSI INC. 156

UNITED AIR SPECIALISTS 157

WHIRLPOOL CORP. 157

CHAPTER 10 APPENDIX 160

IAQ COMPANIES AND SIGNIFICANT PRODUCTS 160

TABLE 58 IAQ COMPANIES AND SIGNIFICANT PRODUCTS 160

LIST OF TABLES

SUMMARY TABLE U.S. IAQ MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 5

TABLE 1 U.S. IAQ MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 17

TABLE 2 IAQ PROBLEMS FOUND IN NIOSH HEALTH-HAZARD EVALUATION INVESTIGATIONS

(%) 20

TABLE 3 IAQ-RELATED ILLNESSES REQUIRING MEDICAL ATTENTION 24

TABLE 4 IAQ-RELATED COSTS TO THE U.S. ECONOMY ($ BILLIONS) 25

TABLE 5 IMPORTANCE OF IAQ IN THE HOME (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S.

RESIDENTS) 29

TABLE 6 COMPARISON OF MALE AND FEMALE IAQ HEALTH WORRIES (% BASED ON A

SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) 29

TABLE 7 CONCERN REGARDING ALLERGENS IN THE HOME AND WORKPLACE BY AGE (%) 30

TABLE 8 HOMEOWNERS WHO WOULD PURCHASE PRODUCTS TO IMPROVE IAQ IN THEIR

HOMES (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) 30

TABLE 9 SOLUTIONS HOMEOWNERS WOULD PURCHASE BY TYPE (% BASED ON SURVEY OF

A 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) 31

TABLE 10 RESPONDENTS INTERESTED IN TESTING FOR MOLD (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF

1,000 U.S. CITIZENS) 31

TABLE 11 HOMEOWNERS PLANNING IAQ-RELATED IMPROVEMENTS (% BASED ON A SURVEY

OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) 31

TABLE 12 LEVEL OF CONCERN REGARDING IAQ IN THE WORKPLACE, 2000 AND 2001 (%

BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) 32

TABLE 13 U.S. IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 34

TABLE 14 PARTICLES REMOVED WITH PORTABLE UNITS BY CADR AND ROOM SIZE (%) 42

TABLE 15 U.S. PORTABLE VERSUS IN-DUCT AIR CLEANER MARKETS, THROUGH 2017 ($

MILLIONS) 45

TABLE 16 HIGH- AND LOW-END PORTABLE AIR CLEANER SALES, 2011 ($ MILLIONS/%) 46

TABLE 17 U.S. AIR CLEANING MARKET BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ MILLIONS) 48

TABLE 18 U.S. AIR CLEANER MARKET BY END-USE CATEGORY, 2011 (%/$ MILLIONS) 52

TABLE 19 LEADING AIR CLEANER MANUFACTURERS SALES AND MARKET SHARE, 2011 (%/$

MILLIONS) 53

TABLE 20 EFFICIENCY OF REMOVING PARTICLES BETWEEN THE SIZES OF 0.3 MICRON AND

1 MICRON FROM INDOOR AIR (%) 57

TABLE 21 PRESSURE-DROP RATINGS OF RESIDENTIAL HVAC FILTERS 58

TABLE 22 U.S. HVAC REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY END-USE, THROUGH 2017 ($

MILLIONS) 59

TABLE 23 U.S. RESIDENTIAL REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY TYPE, 2011 (%/$ MILLIONS) 60

TABLE 24 U.S. COMMERCIAL REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY CONFIGURATION, 2011

(%/$ MILLIONS) 61

TABLE 25 COMMERCIAL HVAC REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET LEADERS, 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 62