Dips - Graphical and Statistical Analysis of Orientation Data
From Solutions for Rock and Soil Engineering
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Dips allows the user to analyze and visualize stru...
Dips allows the user to analyze and visualize structural data following the same techniques used in manual stereonets. In addition, it has many computational features, such as statistical contouring of orientation clustering (illustrated below), mean orientation and confidence calculation, cluster variability, and qualitative and quantitative feature attribute analysis.
Dips is designed for the analysis of features related to the engineering analysis of rock structures, however, the free format of the Dips data file permits the analysis of any orientation-based data.
Input Data
Orientation data can be entered in several common formats – dip/dip direction or strike/dip (planar data), trend/plunge (linear data), or oriented core. Mixed orientation formats can be included within a single Dips file. Extra columns allow you to record any additional qualitative or quantitative information, with convenient spreadsheet entry and unlimited file size.
Stereonet Plots
Dips allows you to analyze and visualize structural data (joint sets, bedding planes, faults etc.) using equal angle or equal area projection. Stereonet plots include pole, scatter, contour and planes plots. Contour plots provide statistical contours of orientation clustering. Symbolic pole plots or charts (histogram, line, pie) are used for feature attribute analysis (e.g. joint type, roughness). Rosette plots represent a radial histogram of strike frequency using an arbitrary reference plane.
Statistical Analysis
Dips has powerful statistical analysis features – user defined Set windows allow the selection of orientation clusters on the stereonet. Mean orientations are calculated and set statistics such as confidence and variability cones can be displayed. Kinematic stability analyses (planar sliding, wedge sliding or toppling analysis) can be carried out within Dips; or mean joint orientations can be exported to Swedge or Unwedge for safety factor analysis.
Technical Specifications
Input Data
- integrated spreadsheet
- linear/planar orientation data
- quantity column for multiple identical data entries
- declination for magnetic/ azimuth correction
- traverse ID column
- unlimited number of columns for additional data
Orientation Formats
- dip/dip direction
- strike/dip (right or left hand rule for strike)
- trend/plunge (linear data)
- oriented core (alpha/beta)
- multiple formats in one file using traverses
Traverses
- linear (e.g. scanline)
- planar (e.g. wall map)
- borehole (oriented core)
- clinorule
- bias correction (Terzaghi weighting)
Steronet Plots
- pole plot
- symbolic pole plot
- scatter plot
- contour plot
- planes plot
- overlay of contours, poles, planes
- customize plot options
- rosette plot with user-defined reference plane
Projections
- equal angle, equal area
- upper/lower hemisphere
Statistical Analysis
- user-defined set definition for orientation (pole) clusters
- mean vector calculation (weighted/unweighted)
- confidence and variability cones
- set statistics listed in InfoView
- Fisher/Schmidt distributions for contour plots
- global mean vector
Stereonet Toolkit
- polar/equatorial grid overlay
- user defined trend/strike reference line
- add planes (rubber plane for interactive data analysis)
- small circles about any axis (e.g. friction circles, toppling bounds)
- daylight envelopes for sliding analysis in slope design
- onscreen pole identification
- data rotation about arbitrary axis
- onscreen angle measurement
- pitch grid
- add text to plots
Filtering/Attribute Analysis
- powerful database query – create data subsets using Boolean queries
- create charts or symbolic pole plots based on any data column in the file
- automatically create corresponding chart from symbolic pole plot
- plot qualitative/quantitative data
- edit symbols, create symbol master list
- histogram, line or pie charts
- filter by set
Output Files
- save processed file (e.g. convert raw data from oriented core, mixed data formats, declination to true orientation with a single format)
- create query and save subset as a new Dips file
- rotate data, save as a new Dips file
- Dips Tools file – all sets, planes, drawing tools added to stereonet automatically saved to a .dwp file
- export planes to Unwedge or Swedge
- JTDIST utility program – define up to five synthetic joint sets, generate a Dips file
Graphical Output
- save plots to .bmp, .jpg, metafile (.emf or .wmf)
- save plots to DXF file
- copy to clipboard
- one-click grayscale for black and white captures
Applications
- Tunnels
- Slope Stability
- Mining
- Excavations
- Data Analysis
- Rock
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