hydrology study Articles
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Delineation of homogeneous regions for streamflow via fuzzy c-means in the Amazon
Lack of streamflow data is one of the main limitations in hydrologic studies. One method of solving this problem is by streamflow regionalization. The identification of hydrologically homogeneous regions is the main and most important stage of regionalization. In this study homogeneous flow regions are identified by fuzzy c-means (FCM) cluster analysis based on morpho-climatic characteristics ...
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Snow Measurements with GPR for Hydrological Studies - Case Study
To celebrate the sunny spring and to finalize the snowy winter season we are pleased to share the “Snow measurements with GPR” case study. Sweco Norway invested in an ImpulseRadar CrossOver 4080 system, which is towed behind a snowmobile to enable efficient measurements over large areas. Follow the link to read the full ...
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Application of the stochastic model for temporal rainfall disaggregation for hydrological studies in north western England
Assessment of climate change on any hydrological system requires higher temporal resolution at hourly or less in terms of time scale. This paper implements the Bartlett–Lewis Rectangular Pulses (BLRP) model coupled with a proportional adjusting procedure to disaggregate daily rainfall to hourly rainfall in order to demonstrate the reliability of this method. Three stations in ...
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In situ snow water equivalent observations in the US ArcticThis paper summarizes 12 years of snow water equivalent (SWE) observations collected in the data-sparse region of Arctic Alaska, United States. The in situ observations are distributed across a 200 × 300 km domain that includes the Kuparuk River watershed from the Brooks Range to the Beaufort Sea coast. Data collection methods and analyses were classified to distinguish between snow ...
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A hydraulic study on the applicability of flood rating curves
Several hydrological studies have shown that river discharge records are affected by significant uncertainty. This uncertainty is expected to be very high for river flow data referred to flood events, when the stage–discharge rating curve is extrapolated far beyond the measurement range. This study examines the standard methodologies for the construction and extrapolation of rating curves to ...
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Modelling provenance in hydrologic science: a case study on streamflow forecasting
The web, and more recently the concept and technology of the Semantic Web, has created a wealth of new ideas and innovative tools for data management, integration and computation in an open framework and at a very large scale. One area of particular interest to the science of hydrology is the capture, representation, inference and presentation of provenance information: information that helps ...
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Prediction of ungauged river basin for hydropower potential and flood risk mitigation: a case study at Gin River, Sri Lanka
A hydrologic study was performed for ungauged river basin of Sri Lanka to examine synthetic discharge relations. Rainfall-runoff relationships were used for identifying hydrological conditions of the Gin River basin. The peak discharge achieves within 4.74 hours from the onset of the rainstorm and 11.95 hours take to reach its normal discharge conditions. Stream frequency of the Gin River is ...
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A modeling study of the influences of Yangtze River and local catchment on the development of floods in Poyang Lake, China
Poyang Lake, one of the most frequently flooded regions in China, connects with the Yangtze River and the five sub-tributaries in the local catchment. The lake's hydrological regime is complicated by a complex hydraulic connection and strong river–lake interaction, especially for the extreme hydrological regime. This study analyzes the relationships between the lake level changes and the flow ...
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Integrated water resources assessment and management in a small watershed – a geomorphic approach
Depleting water resources and increasing human demands on the available fresh water resources suggest the need and scope for integrated water resources assessment and management. Narava basin, a small watershed spread over 105 km2 with a khondalitic suite of rocks and gneisses of Archaean age in the north coastal region of Andhra Pradesh, India was studied to propose effective water resources ...
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Trend analysis in reference evapotranspiration and aridity index in the context of climate change in Togo
Reference evapotranspiration is a key parameter in hydrological and meteorological studies and used to determine the actual water use rate for various crops. The objectives of this study were to explore trend in the grass-reference evapotranspiration (ETo) through years 1961–2011 and to identify trend in the aridity index as an indicator of change in climate in Togo. ETo was calculated using ...
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Effects of sea level rise on hydrology: case study in a typical mid-Atlantic coastal watershed
Sea level rise (SLR) can negatively affect the hydrology of coastal watersheds. However, the relevant information is incomplete and insufficient in existing literature. The objective of this study is to present a modeling approach to predict long-term effects of SLR on changes of flood peak, flood stage, and groundwater table with an assumption that the historical climate would reoccur in the ...
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Detecting climate variability impacts on reference and actual evapotranspiration in the Taohe River Basin, NW China
Analysis of the impacts of climate variability on evapotranspiration (ET) is of great importance in understanding climate variability and its effect on hydrological aspects. In this study, temporal and spatial variations in reference evapotranspiration (ET0) and actual evapotranspiration (AET) were comprehensively detected in the Taohe River Basin from 1981 to 2010. The spatial distributions ...
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Water sector regulation in small island developing states: an application to Cape Verde
Small island developing states (SIDs) present challenges for analysts and policy-makers who attempt to strengthen nationwide infrastructure. This study examines the case of one SID to illustrate how benchmarking can improve the performance of water utilities. The archipelago-nation of Cape Verde is characterized by severe water scarcity and relatively low income. These national characteristics ...
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Copula-based stochastic simulation of hydrological data applied to Nile River flows
Modelling a multivariate distribution is a classical issue in statistics. Copula functions offer a useful solution to this issue by modelling the multivariate distribution as a function of its marginal distributions. They have been used in various problems in hydrology and water management such as flood frequency analysis and drought or rainfall intensity-duration frequency analysis. However, to ...
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Ordinary kriging and genetic programming for spatial estimation of rainfall in the Middle Yarra River catchment, Australia
Rainfall maps with gridded data are frequently used as an important input for many hydrological models. In this study, two kriging-based interpolation methods (i.e., ordinary kriging (OK) and kriging with genetic programming (KGP)) and a deterministic interpolation method (inverse distance weighting (IDW)) are implemented to generate gridded rainfall maps from point rainfalls. The KGP is ...
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Determination of the period of major runoff decline and related driving factors in Ye River Basin, North China
There is a sharp decline in runoff and available water resources in North China in recent years. Not only the causes, but also the magnitudes, especially of the dwindling runoff remain largely unclear. Hence the Ye Rive Basin, a typical mountain watershed in North China, is used in this study to determine: (1) the trend of precipitation and runoff via a Mann–Kendall test; (2) the period of ...
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Hydraulic system to ensure constant rainfall intensity (over time) when using nozzle rainfall simulators
Rainfall simulation is widely used in the laboratory and in field work to produce artificial rainfall for small-scale surface hydrology and soil erosion studies. Simulated rainfall produced by simulators must be predictable, accurate and consistent to be useful to model the related physical processes. Pressure fluctuations in the water supply system frequently cause variation in rainfall ...
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Reconciling hydrology with engineering
Hydrology has played an important role in the birth of science. Yet practical hydrological knowledge, related to human needs for water storage, transfer and management, existed before the development of natural philosophy and science. In contemporary times, hydrology has had strong links with engineering as its development has been related to the needs of the design and management of water ...
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Exploration of sub-annual calibration schemes of hydrological models
This study compared hydrological model performances under different sub-annual calibration schemes using two conceptual models, IHACRES and HYMOD. In several publications regarding sub-annual calibration, the authors showed that such an approach generally performed better than the conventional whole period method. Hence, there are advantages in dividing the data into sub-annual periods for ...
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Climate change consequences on hydrology: a pilot study from Bhola district, Bangladesh
Impacts of climate changes on natural hydrology have been primarily documented at macro scale than micro scale. This is not surprising due to the limited data and information available at local level. Hence, this study aimed to explore climate change consequences on coastal hydrology using Bhola City as study area in Bangladesh. Hydro-meteorological data for 1951-2007 were used to develop the ...
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