microscope Articles
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eBook Titles from IWA Publishing: Free to Download - Volume 2
Process stability and final effluent quality largely depend upon the composition of the biomass in an activated sludge plant. Operational problems such as bulking and scum formation occur when the wrong micro-organisms are dominating the sludge population. Microscopic sludge investigation is therefore essential for process control and stable plant operation. The manual outlines the theoretical ...
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Validation of a new image analysis procedure for quantifying filamentous bacteria in activated sludge
Quantification of filamentous bacteria in activated sludge systems can be made by manual counting under a microscope or by the application of various automated image analysis procedures. The latter has been significantly developed in the last two decades. In this work a new method based upon automated image analysis techniques was elaborated and presented. It consisted of three stages: (a) ...
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Granularity determination of activated sludge through on-line profiles by means of case-based reasoning
Aerobic granulation from floccular sludge is difficult to detect in first stages with the naked eye. This work proposes a combination of multi-way principal components and case-based reasoning to predict the granulation state of a sequencing batch reactor, based solely on the on-line registered profiles of common sensors (i.e. pH, dissolved oxygen and oxidation-reduction potential). The ...
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Long-term effect of metal oxide nanoparticles on activated sludge
This study evaluated the influence of metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) (Ag2O, TiO2) and their mixture on activated sludge for 180 days. When tested, a mixture of NPs at 1 and 10 mg/L had greater impact than individual NPs, in which maximum reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) elimination (76.3%) was observed after 150 days for 1 mg/L (500 mg/L COD concentration) and after 180 days (70.2%) ...
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Improvement of the intersection method for the quantification of filamentous organisms: basis and practice for bulking and foaming bioindication purposes
Bulking and foaming phenomena in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants are in most cases related to the abundance of filamentous microorganisms. Quantifying these microorganisms should be a preliminary stage in their control. In this paper, the simplicity of quantifying them based on the intersection method is demonstrated, by redescribing the theory and applying a new improved ...
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Respirometry study of two different wastewater samples on COD fractioning & biodegradability for a specific activated sludge process and nitrification case study
Preliminary This service was made according to customer order points and indications from Hydrolab Microbiológica (Surcis collaborator) The client wanted Surcis to carry out a study about COD fractioning and nitrification. For this study the client has provided to Surcis the following: Process type: Activated sludge - Extended aeration 2 wastewater samples: the first one is a ...
By SURCIS, S.L.
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In situ microscopy as a tool for the monitoring of filamentous bacteria: a case study in an industrial activated sludge system dominated by M. parvicella
The present study demonstrates the application of in situ microscopy for monitoring the growth of filamentous bacteria which can induce disturbances in an industrial activated sludge process. An in situ microscope (ISM) is immersed directly into samples of activated sludge with Microthrix parvicella as dominating species. Without needing further preparatory steps, the automatic evaluation of ...
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Evaluation of the extracellular polymeric substances by confocal laser scanning microscopy in conventional activated sludge and advanced membrane bioreactors treating hospital wastewater
Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) combined with fluorescent viability indicators, was used in this study to investigate the impact of hospital wastewaters on floc structure and composition. In this work, three pilot-scale projects, two membrane bioreactors (MBRs) with a submerged or external membrane bioreactor and a conventional activated sludge, were installed and operated for 65 ...
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Modeling the performance of biodegradation of textile wastewater using polyurethane foam sponge cube as a supporting medium
A pilot-scale fixed-biofilm reactor (FBR) was established to treat textile wastewater to evaluate the feasibility of replacing conventional treatment processes that involve activated sludge and coagulation units. A kinetic model was developed to describe the biodegradation of textile wastewater by FBR. Batch kinetic tests were performed to evaluate the biokinetic parameters that are used in the ...
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The sequencing batch reactor as an excellent configuration to treat wastewater from the petrochemical industry
In the present study, the influence of a changing feeding pattern from continuous to pulse feeding on the characteristics of activated sludge was investigated with a wastewater from the petrochemical industry from the harbour of Antwerp. Continuous seed sludge, adapted to the industrial wastewater, was used to start up three laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactors. After an adaptation ...
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Control of Microthrix parvicella and sludge bulking by ozone in a full-scale WWTP
Bulking and rising sludge are common problems in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and are primarily caused by increased growth of filamentous bacteria such as Microthrix parvicella. It has a negative impact on sludge settling properties in activated sludge (AS) process, in addition to being responsible for foam formation. Different methods can be used to control sludge bulking. The aim of ...
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Total coliphages removal by activated sludge process and their morphological diversity by transmission electron microscopy
This study was conducted to isolate phages in treated sewage collected from wastewater treatment plant, and explore their morphological diversity by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Fates of total bacteriophages and their reduction by biological treatment were also assayed. Phages were isolated using the plaque assay then negatively stained and observed by electron microscope. Electron ...
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Evaluation of extracellular biopolymer and its impact on bioflocculation in activated sludge bioreactors
The influence and dynamics of bacterial extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) polymer production and its impact on bioflocculation in activated sludge (AS) bench-scale reactors were investigated. The impact of food to microorganism ratio (F/M), reactor configuration and easily biodegradable carbohydrates in influent streams on biological processes that support or weaken good floc formation and the ...
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Monitoring and examination of adaptation period of microorganisms in membrane–bioreactor system treating fruit juice industry wastewaters
In this study, fruit juice industry wastewaters by using MBR process have been monitored and examined considering effective microorganisms and changes in biodiversity during the treatment period. Microbiological examinations have been carried out using conventional microbiological methods and microscopic observations. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic microorganisms and also floc structure of the ...
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Occurrence of
Microthrix parvicella in sequencing batch reactorsSequencing batch reactors (SBRs) are known for high process stability and usually have a good sludge volume index (SVI). Nevertheless, in many SBRs in Germany for municipal wastewater treatment, scum and foam problems can occur, and SVI can be larger than 200 mL/g. The microscopic investigations of the activated sludge from plants with nitrogen and phosphorus removal have shown that Microthrix ...
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Analysis of the impact of the industrial fat, oil and grease (FOG) on a municipal wastewater treatment plant by means Respirometry and microscopic Bioindication
Abstract The main impact that the industrial fat, oil and grease (FOG) could make in a municipal wastewater treatment plant is mainly coming from its slowly biodegradable COD (sbCOD) The wastewater entering in a municipal WWTP tends to include a percentage of slowly biodegradable COD in the range of 35 to 65% of the total COD; but when this percentage surpasses the habitual range, normally it ...
By SURCIS, S.L.
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Frequently Asked Questions and Troubleshooting in Activated Sludge Process (Part 2)
Q: I ran into a problem. In the past few days, we found that the sludge was floating in lumps in the secondary sedimentation tank, which was very loose. It may be due to swelling of the sludge, which is not serious. But I am very surprised that the MLVSS of the biochemical tank is about 2000mg/l, the sludge age is relatively short, the sludge is not aging, and it is within the control range. The ...
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The increasing importance of assessing toxicity in determining sludge health and management policy
The harm caused by toxic industrial effluents to sewage treatment works, has been recognised for many years. These can cause reduction in biodegradable efficiency, with an associated requirement for longer treatment time, and in extreme cases, toxic shock can kill off the secondary tanks. Currently, the presence of harmful industrial effluents is made evident by their effects on the overall ...
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Do you Know the Reasons for These Problems in the Aerobic Tank?
The aerobic tank is a structure that maintains the dissolved oxygen content suitable for the growth and reproduction of aerobic microorganisms through aeration and other measures to treat pollutants in the water. The function of the aerobic tank is to allow the activated sludge to perform aerobic respiration, further decompose organic matter into inorganic matter, and remove pollutants. ...
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Beginner´s Guide to Biological Treatment of Water
Water treatment systems make safe and civilized life possible for people of all ages. Access to clean, reliable, and safe water is one of the first building blocks of a good social system. That is why experts have developed advanced and reliable ways to remove harmful substances from the water supply, including fecal matter, bacteria, arsenic, and other dangerous or even poisonous matter. One ...
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