Aquatic Toxicology Articles

Water contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) has become one of the key issues in recent years that threatens human health and ecological systems. The present study is aimed at removing PTEs like cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) from aqueous solutions and industrial wastewater using activated carbon (AC) as an adsorbent through different batch and column ...

Mar. 3, 2017

By IWA Publishing

The coconut residual fiber (CRF) is the major byproduct obtained during production of virgin coconut oil. Its application as a biosorbent for adsorption of Congo red was investigated. The CRF was subjected to different pretreatments, namely, pressure cooking, hexane treatment, acid treatment and their combinations. The pretreatment of CRF with the combination of hexane, acid, and pressure ...

Feb. 24, 2017

By IWA Publishing

Rhodobacter sphaeroides was used for bioremediation of wastewater polluted with cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn). The tolerance of the microorganism to selected heavy metals (HMs), as well as the effects of pH, temperature and inoculum size on the removal rate, was investigated. The remediation effects of R. sphaeroides were analysed at different initial concentrations of ...

Dec. 23, 2016

By IWA Publishing

This research investigated the discoloration and mineralization of Reactive Blue 19 (RB19) anthraquinone dye by single ozonation, single UV radiation and ozonation jointed with UV radiation (O3/UV). The problem was approached from two points of view: with the objective of color removal or the mineralization of solution. In each case, the optimum operating conditions were different. Ozonation ...

Dec. 5, 2016

By IWA Publishing

Aarhus University Hospital fought against Legionella bacteria – and won Legionella bacteria thrives in all hot-water supplies and Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov felt the problem firsthand. With the ECA generator from Danish Clean Water A/S they managed to significantly reduce the bacteria and thereby minimizing risks concerning Legionella. Virtually all hospitals, ...

Oct. 5, 2016

By Danish Clean Water A/S - Danfoss A/S

Project reference Project: Pilot project in Ersmarksdeponin landfill in Umeå county Customer: Umeå county, Sweden Project period 1999 Nature of task: Development of new monitoring strategy for landfill: Time integrated monitoring of ...

Aug. 16, 2016

By Exposmeter AB

The aims of the present work were to assess the application of a chemical process to degrade a mixture of parabens and determine the influence of a natural river water matrix on toxicity. Model effluents containing either a single compound, namely methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, benzylparaben or p-hydroxybenzoic acid, or to mimic realistic conditions a mixture of the ...

Aug. 6, 2016

By IWA Publishing

The hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), which is generated in the electroplating process, is toxic to most organisms and potentially harmful to human health. The method generally used for remediation of wastewater containing Cr(VI) employs chemicals with high toxicity. This work proposes an alternative technology for the treatment of these wastewaters, based on photochemical reduction of Cr(VI) by ...

Jul. 18, 2016

By IWA Publishing

The presence of the toxic cyanobacteria and cyanotoxin, microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and other cyanotoxins, in drinking water sources poses a serious risk to public health. Iron based technologies using magnetic zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) and ferrate ion (FeVIO42−, Fe(VI)) represent greener approaches to remove cyanobacteria and degrade MC-LR in water. This paper reveals ...

Jul. 7, 2016

By IWA Publishing

The Clinch River in Virginia and Tennessee, USA, is well known for its diverse native freshwater mussel assemblages; however, notable declines in mussel populations in recent decades have prompted much concern and subsequent research. The authors examined the toxicity of recently‐deposited sediments on juveniles of the freshwater mussel Epioblasma brevidens, by collecting time‐integrated ...

Jun. 28, 2016

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Traditional duckweed toxicity tests only measure plant growth inhibition as an endpoint, with limited effects‐based data. This study aimed to investigate whether Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy could enhance the duckweed (Lemna minor L.) toxicity test. Four chemicals (Cu, Cd, atrazine, and acetochlor) and four metals‐containing industrial wastewater samples were tested. After ...

Jun. 22, 2016

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A novel 2‐tiered analytical approach was used to characterize and quantify interactions between type I and type II pyrethroids in Hyalella azteca using standardized water column toxicity tests. Bifenthrin, permethrin, cyfluthrin, and lambda‐cyhalothrin were tested in all possible binary combinations across 6 experiments. All mixtures were analyzed for 4‐d lethality, and 2 of the 6 mixtures ...

Jun. 21, 2016

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Previous research evaluating hydrocarbon toxicity to corals and coral reefs has generally focused on community level effects, and results are often not comparable between studies due to variability in hydrocarbon exposure characterization and evaluation of coral health and mortality during exposure. Toxicity of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 1‐methylnaphthalene to the coral Porites ...

Jun. 17, 2016

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Sediment TIEs are conducted to determine causes of adverse effects observed in whole sediment toxicity tests. However, in multiple contaminant scenarios, it is problematic to partition contributions of individual contaminants to overall toxicity. Using data from a site with multiple inputs and contaminants of concern, we describe a quantitative approach for the TIE process by tracking toxic ...

May 12, 2016

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Reproductive inhibition (egg production) of the aquatic snail, Amerianna cumingi, over 4 d has been used to derive toxicity estimates for toxicants of concern in tropical Australia. Toxicity estimates from this test have been used as chronic data points in Species Sensitivity Distributions (SSD) for deriving site‐specific guideline values (GVs). However, revised guidance for the Australian and ...

Apr. 26, 2016

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Water quality indices (WQIs) are necessary for resolving lengthy, multi-parameter, water analysis reports into single digit scores; different WQIs have been developed worldwide which are greatly differing in terms of mathematical structures, the numbers and types of variables included, etc. The aim of this paper is to evaluate trends of water quality in Tafna basin with a comparison of 10 WQIs ...

Mar. 30, 2016

By IWA Publishing

Results showed that 75% of the analyzed samples in a drinking water network were positive for fungi, in a range of 1–3,000 CFU/mL. Identification resulted in nine species of fungi and four species of yeasts being listed: Bjerkandera, Penicillium, Paraconiothyrium, Paecilomyces, Debaryomyces, Rhodotorula and Cryptococcus. ...

Feb. 24, 2016

By IWA Publishing

Approximately 1500 active pharmaceutical ingredients are currently in use; however, the environmental occurrence and impacts of only a small proportion of these have been investigated. Recognizing that it would be impractical to monitor and assess all pharmaceuticals that are in use, several previous studies have proposed the use of prioritization approaches to identify substances of most ...

Jan. 22, 2016

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Short term aquatic bioassay has been developed into a useful tool in water quality management. These tests give information on comparative toxicity of several compounds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of raw and anaerobically treated effluents of the parboiled rice manufacturing industry. The acute toxicity test was carried out by using the fish Lebistes ...

Jan. 19, 2016

By IWA Publishing

A series of acute toxicity tests with the amphipod Hyalella azteca was performed to quantify the synergistic effect of piperonyl butoxide (PBO) on pyrethrins toxicity. PBO concentrations less than 4 µg/L caused no toxicity enhancement, while toxicity increased with PBO concentrations between 4 µg/L and 15 µg/L. Additive toxicity calculations showed that true synergism accounted for an increase ...

Jan. 14, 2016

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.