Aquatic Toxicology Articles

A tiered investigative approach was employed to characterize and identify substances responsible for the persistent toxicity of a municipal primary‐treated effluent to gametes of the Hawaiian sea urchin, Tripneustes gratilla. EPA Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) procedures were modified to account for the tolerance of T.gratilla gametes to various sample manipulations. Microtox rapid ...

Feb. 24, 2013

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The EU‐Directive for sustainable use of pesticides requires implementation of risk mitigation measures at streams which are threatened by pesticide entries. The need for mitigation measures was investigated at 10 stream sites within an intensively used arable region in central Germany by characterising pesticide exposure following edge‐of‐field runoff and effects on the aquatic ...

Feb. 11, 2013

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Jan. 15, 2013

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and state agencies evaluate the toxicity of effluent and surface water samples based on statistical endpoints derived from multiconcentration tests (e.g., no observed effect concentration, EC25). The test of significant toxicity (TST) analysis is a two‐sample comparison test that uses Welch's t test to compare organism responses in a sample ...

Nov. 20, 2012

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Chemicals in aquatic systems may impact a variety of endpoints including mortality, growth, or reproduction. Clearly, growth or reproduction will only be observed in organisms that survive. Because it is common to observe mortality in studies focusing on the reproduction of organisms, especially in higher concentration conditions, the resulting observed numbers of young become a mixture of zeroes ...

May 16, 2012

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The whole effluent toxicity (WET) program in the United States, Canada, and other countries typically requires multi concentration testing of effluents. While multiconcentration testing of chemicals is desirable for regulatory and scientific reasons, we believe this requirement is not as efficient for evaluating effluent compliance in a WET program. The key regulatory question of concern is ...

Nov. 17, 2011

By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Various models are available to help assess the risk of chemicals to the aquatic environment. The hazard posed by pesticides in use in Prince Edward Island, Canada was estimated by a model based on fugacity. Groups of individuals currently working in the field of aquatic toxicology were asked to rank 20 of these pesticides in order of decreasing hazard. There is little agreement between ...

Sep. 17, 2009

By Inderscience Publishers

Aquatic organisms are exposed to many stressors, including a variety of pollutants from human activities. New research suggests that commonly used models in toxicological studies can fail to adequately predict the range of effects of complex mixtures of chemicals in aquatic environments. Stress caused by combinations of man-made pollutants found in water systems can compound the effects of ...

Sep. 28, 2008

By European Commission, Environment DG

The identification and quantification of effluent toxicity plays an important role in the evaluation of harmful impacts on the aquatic environment. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the advantages of using the 'whole-effluent' toxicity approach compared to prediction of toxicity using key toxic compounds. An underestimation of 'whole-effluent' toxicity was always observed using bacteria, ...

Nov. 7, 2007

By Inderscience Publishers

In order to protect aquatic life, many acute and short-term chronic whole effluent toxicity (WET) tests have been employed for assessment of the toxicity of wastewater. Toxicity tests using biological responses to measure effects provide valuable information about the significance of chemical contamination. The response of an organism to contaminated effluents provides an integrated measure of ...

Nov. 7, 2007

By Inderscience Publishers