mathematical modeling Articles
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Managing environmental governance challenges in the water industry
In terms of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) obligations, water utilities are frequently less likely to be challenged by the Social and Governance components of their responsibilities than they are in their response to the Environmental component. While this may at first glance appear to be an outrageous statement, the consideration of civic and employee responsibilities such as ...
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Scale-up of a packed bed column for wastewater treatment
After checking the success of the biosorption process to remove heavy metals from wastewater using olive tree pruning as a cheap biosorbent in the laboratory scale, the scale-up is necessary to progress towards industrial applications chance. The aim of this work was the study of the effect of scale-up in the process of biosorption of Pb(II) with olive tree pruning in a packed bed column. ...
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Effectiveness of septage pre-treatment in vertical flow constructed wetlands
Septage is wastewater stored temporarily in cesspools. A periodic supply of its significant quantities to small municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) may cause many operational problems. In the frame of the research, it has been proposed to utilize vertical flow constructed wetlands for pre-treatment of septage prior to its input to the biological stage of a WWTP. The aim of the work ...
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Autonomous intake selection optimisation model for a dual source drinking water treatment plant
The Mudgeeraba drinking water treatment plant, in Southeast Queensland, Australia, can withdraw raw water from two different reservoirs: the smaller Little Nerang dam (LND) by gravity, and the larger Advancetown Lake, through the use of pumps. Selecting the optimal intake is based on water quality and operators' experience; however, there is potential to optimise this process. In this study, ...
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Tailing propensity in the ultraviolet disinfection of trickling filter and activated sludge wastewater treatment processes
In this paper, the effect of suspended flocs on the tailing of ultraviolet (UV) disinfection kinetics of secondary effluents was examined. To achieve this goal, final effluents produced in two processes for treating wastewater; namely, a trickling filter system and an activated sludge system, were collected and their UV disinfection were compared. Tailing of the UV dose response curve was ...
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Dealing with hydrogen sulfide induced problems downstream of sewer rising mains
The problems that arise from hydrogen sulfide formation in sewer rising mains are often dealt with by adding chemicals. The most commonly used chemicals are sodium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, ferric (or ferrous) chloride, calcium nitrate and oxygen. As there is a lack of tools to evaluate and compare dosing strategies, it is hard to identify the most appropriate dosing chemical in ...
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Process optimization via response surface methodology in the treatment of metal working industry wastewater with electrocoagulation
In this study, process parameters in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity removal from metal working industry (MWI) wastewater were optimized by electrocoagulation (EC) using aluminum, iron and steel electrodes. The effects of process variables on COD and turbidity were investigated by developing a mathematical model using central composite design method, which is one of the response ...
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Diagnosis and optimization of WWTPs using the PWM library: full-scale experiences
Given the shift in perception of wastewater treatment plants as water resource recovery facilities, conventional mathematical models need to be updated. The resource recovery perspective should be applied to new processes, technologies and plant layouts. The number and level of models proposed to date give an overview of the complexity of the new plant configurations and provides a wide range ...
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Predicting N2O emissions from nitrifying and denitrifying biofilms: a modeling study
Wastewater treatment plants can be significant sources of nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas. While our understanding of N2O emissions from suspended-growth processes has advanced significantly, less is known about emissions from biofilm processes. Biofilms may behave differently due to their substrate gradients and microbial stratification. In this study, we used mathematical ...
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Simulation of municipal-industrial full scale WWTP in an arid climate by application of ASM3
In developing countries, and due to the high cost of treatment of industrial wastewater, municipal wastewater treatment facilities usually receive a mixture of municipal wastewater and partially treated industrial wastewater. As a result, an increased potential for shock loads with high pollutant concentrations is expected. The use of mathematical modelling of wastewater treatment is highly ...
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Bioconcentration and depuration of 14C‐labeled 17‐α‐ethinyl estradiol and 4‐nonylphenol in individual organs of the marine bivalve, Mytilus edulis L.
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs), including 17‐α‐ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and 4‐nonylphenol (4‐NP), enter coastal environments primarily in effluents of wastewater treatment facilities, and have become ubiquitous in marine surface waters, sediments and biota. Although EE2 and 4‐NP have been detected in marine shellfish, the kinetics of bioconcentration and their tissue distribution have ...
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The value of fracking wastewater treatment and recycling technologies in North Dakota
The oil boom in North Dakota is aided by hydraulic fracturing, often referred to as fracking. Fracking uses a pressurized water, sand, and chemical mixture to break through layers of rock and release oil and gas. This procedure produces hundreds of truckloads of wastewater for each fracked well. In this study, we analyze the financial feasibility of a system of wastewater recycling and reuse to ...
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Wastewater treatment process impact on energy savings and greenhouse gas emissions
The objective of this research was to assess the energy consumption of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), to apply a mathematical model to evaluate their carbon footprint, and to propose energy saving strategies that can be implemented to reduce both energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Greece. The survey was focused on 10 WWTPs in Greece with a treatment capacity ranging ...
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Challenges encountered when expanding activated sludge models: a case study based on N2O production
It is common practice in wastewater engineering to extend standard activated sludge models (ASMs) with extra process equations derived from batch experiments. However, such experiments have often been performed under conditions different from the ones normally found in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). As a consequence, these experiments might not be representative for full-scale ...
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Virus elimination in activated sludge systems: from batch tests to mathematical modeling
A virus tool based on Activated Sludge Model No. 3 for modeling virus elimination in activated sludge systems was developed and calibrated with the results from laboratory-scale batch tests and from measurements in a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The somatic coliphages were used as an indicator for human pathogenic enteric viruses. The extended model was used to simulate the ...
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Intensification of flotation treatment by exposure to vibration
In this paper, an intensification of wastewater flotation treatment by exposure to vibration is studied. Exposure to vibration results in the decrease of air bubble size, increase of air flow through the aerator and more even dispersion of air bubbles in water. This intensifies the aeration process, thus significantly improving the treatment efficiency. A multistage model of flotation kinetics ...
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Lessons learnt from the application of a multi-variable controller for nitrogen removal in the Mekolalde wastewater treatment plant: good simulation practices in control
Although often perceived as tools for use by scientists, mathematical modelling and simulation become indispensable when control engineers have to design controllers for real-life wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Nonetheless, the design of effective controllers in the wastewater domain using simulations requires effects, such as the nonlinearity of actuators, the time response of sensors, ...
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The use of response surface methodology for modelling and analysis of water and wastewater treatment processes: a review
In recent years, response surface methodology (RSM) has been used for modelling and optimising a variety of water and wastewater treatment processes. RSM is a collection of mathematical and statistical techniques for building models, evaluating the effects of several variables, and obtaining the values of process variables that produce desirable values of the response. This paper reviews the ...
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Cost-effective solutions for water quality improvement in the Dommel River supported by sewer–WWTP–river integrated modelling
This project aims at finding cost-efficient sets of measures to meet the Water Framework Directive (WFD) derived goals for the Dommel River (The Netherlands). Within the project, both acute and long-term impacts of the urban wastewater system on the chemical and ecological quality of the river are studied with a monitoring campaign in the urban wastewater system (wastewater treatment plant and ...
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Sludge accumulation and conversion to methane in a septic tank treating domestic wastewater or black water
Although the septic tank is the most applied on-site system for wastewater pre-treatment, limited research has been performed to determine sludge accumulation and biogas production in the tank. Therefore a dynamic mathematical model based on the Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1) was developed for anaerobic digestion of the accumulated sludge in a septic tank treating domestic wastewater or ...
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