Showing results for: chlorine-free disinfection Articles
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Variability of water residence time and free chlorine and disinfection by-product concentrations within a residential neighborhood
Sampling campaigns at several points in a sector of a distribution network were conducted during several months to study the spatial and temporal variation of the free chlorine concentration (FCC) and disinfection by-product concentrations (DBPC) at the scale of a residential neighborhood. The water residence times (RT) at these sampling points and for the same period were also simulated ...
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Effects of phosphorus on biofilm disinfections in model drinking water distribution systems
Drinking water biofilm development is affected by the available nutrient levels and the presence of disinfectants. Phosphorus is recognized as another important limiting nutrient besides organic carbon. In this study, drinking water biofilms were developed in annular reactors to examine the effects of phosphorus on the biofilm disinfections with free chlorine and monochloramine. Phosphorus ...
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The synergistic effect of
Escherichia coli inactivation by sequential disinfection with low level chlorine dioxide followed by free chlorineTo the best of our knowledge, there was little information available on pathogen removal using low level disinfectant followed by free chlorine in sequential disinfection (SD). This study investigated Escherichia coli inactivation by four types of disinfection: single step disinfection (SSD), SD, traditional sequential disinfection (TSD) and mixed disinfectant disinfection (MDD). Results ...
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Improving TOC Removal to Achieve EPA DBP Compliance at the Green Valley WTP
The Green Valley Water Treatment Plant (WTP) draws its water from two sources to supply Suisun, CA and surrounding communities. The WTP’s distribution system is very long resulting in lengthy detention times where free chlorine used for disinfection reacts with total organic carbon (TOC) to form high levels of Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs). The Green Valley WTP was unable to adequately reduce the ...
By Ixom
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Disinfection By-Products (DBP) Compliance through Pre-treatment for TOC Removal
Over the last few years, utilities have adjusted their existing processes to reduce the formation of DBPs in order to comply with the Stage 1 DBP Rule. With Stage 2 looming in the near future, many utilities have nothing left to optimize in order to minimize DBP peaking in the distribution systems. A non-chemical treatment process was developed in response to the need to remove greater amounts ...
By Ixom
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Evaluation of virus reduction efficiency in wastewater treatment unit processes as a credit value in the multiple-barrier system for wastewater reclamation and reuse
The virus reduction efficiency of each unit process is commonly determined based on the ratio of virus concentration in influent to that in effluent of a unit, but the virus concentration in wastewater has often fallen below the analytical quantification limit, which does not allow us to calculate the concentration ratio at each sampling event. In this study, left-censored datasets of ...
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Magnetic Ion Exchange Solves Problems
In 2004, Big Elk Water Association, near Estes Park, Colo., earned the unenviable Environmental Working Group label of Colorado water system with the worst quality water. Despite multiprocess treatment, BEWA’s finished water had some of the highest concentrations of total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) and haloacetic acids (HAA5) in the state. BEWA delivers water to about 390 people in Big Elk Meadows, ...
By Ixom
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Pathogen Removal and High Log Reduction Value Crediting for Reverse Osmosis Systems Using Continuous Strontium Monitoring
Public potable water supplies are being stressed by growing population, cyclical droughts, and climate change. One way to sustainably augment the potable water supply is to recycle (reuse) wastewater. This is performed by using a tertiary wastewater treatment facility followed by advanced water purification (AWP) which includes; Reverse Osmosis (RO), UV/advanced oxidation and free chlorine ...
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Purpose: To determine the ability of the Hanovia UVP 61 water disinfection system to
Disinfection of public swimming pools and water amenities is essential to maintain safe and attractive bathing conditions. The challenge today is to provide water conditions free of irritants and after effects and smell. Customers expect clear, odour free, high quality water. Chlorine disinfection is the most common means of providing such protection. However, chlorine chemistry is complex and ...
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Performic acid for advanced wastewater disinfection
The disinfection efficiency of performic acid (PFA) against various microbial contaminants has been studied in municipal secondary effluent. The study demonstrated that PFA provides rapid, efficient and safe disinfection, degrading both bacteria and viruses even at low doses. The resistance order starting from the most resistant microorganism is as follows: MS2-coliphages > ...
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Partially buried & underground tanks - Case study
Topics: potable, stratification/waterage, short-circuiting, chlorine Overview: The underground tank is a concrete rectangular structure (226' long, 166 wide, 21 ft high) built in 1968. Divided in the center, each side has a 2.5 MG storage capacity. The partially buried conical bowl tank (115' diameter, 20' high) with a geodome roof built in 1908 and refurbished in 1975, also with a 2.5 MG ...
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Water microbial quality during drinking water treatment technology and distribution provided by two Romanian companies
Under European Economic Area Agreement, Romania and Norway have developed a project for monitoring the quality of raw and potable water (from production technology until distribution) supplied by two Romanian water companies. In the present study was investigated the microbiological quality of water, which was compared with organic matter loads. Resulting free chlorine and trihalomethane ...
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Variation of algal viability during electrochemical disinfection using Ti/RuO2 electrodes
This paper studied the influence of the operating conditions, e.g. current density, electrolyte and exposure time, on the variation of the algal viability during electrochemical disinfection processes. An electrochemical tube employing Ti/RuO2 as anodes was constructed for inactivation of cyanobacteria (often called blue-green algae) Microcystis aeruginosa. Viability of algal cells was determined ...
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Cost Benefits of Process Water Disinfection via UV Light Sterilizer Technology
Water is a substance that has many unique properties unlike any other fluid in the world. It is certainly a vital component of the survival of organic life, but it is also extraordinarily useful in industrial, municipal, and commercial processes. Process water makes up a significant portion of water use in the commercial and industrial sectors and depending on the industry and site, can be used ...
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