PAC coagulant Articles
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The performance of enhanced coagulation for treating slightly polluted raw water combining polyaluminum chloride with variable charge soil
The feasibility and effectiveness of treating pollutants in slightly polluted raw water by variable charge soil and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) was investigated. Removal efficiencies of turbidity, phenol, aniline, algae and heavy metals (Cu2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+) were used to evaluate the coagulation performance. The results indicated that the addition of variable charge soil as ...
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The use of polyaluminium chloride for removing colour, COD and ammonia from semi-aerobic leachate
This research examined various experimental conditions for application of Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) for removing colour, COD and ammonia from semi-aerobic. The removals of colour, COD and ammonia were up to 93%, 56% and 32%, respectively, at an optimum dosage of 2000 mg/L PAC. Rapid and slow mixing speed played only a minor role in the removal efficiencies for colour, COD and ammonia. The ...
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Upgrading secondary wastewater plant effluent by modified coagulation and flocculation, for water reuse in irrigation
In this study, the feasibility of using coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation (CF-S) for advanced treatment of secondary effluent released from the Yazd Intermittent Cycle Extended Aeration System was investigated. Four coagulants including ferric chloride (FeCl3), polyaluminum chloride (PAC), ferrous sulfate (FeSo4), and potassium ferrate (K2FeSo4) along with Gflog C-150 as flocculant ...
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A comparison study on Acid Red 119 dye removal using two different types of waterworks sludge
This study aims to compare the performance of two waterworks sludge samples, ferric chloride sludge (FCS) and polyaluminium chloride sludge (PACS), as coagulants to remove Acid Red 119 (AR119) dye from aqueous solution. A series of batch experiments were performed to investigate the effect of initial pH, coagulant dosage and initial dye concentration on coagulation/flocculation process ...
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Application of PAC and flocculants for improving settling of solid particles in oilfield wastewater with high salinity and Ca2+
The suspended solids in wastewater from Rekabak oilfield, Kazakhstan, were characterized and treated with flocculants to enhance settling. The wastewater contained a high concentration of total dissolved solids and calcium ion. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analyses showed that suspended solids were mainly composed of corrosion products (iron oxides) and silicon ...
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Case Study: UV254 Organics Analyzer Helped Save 20-30% in Chemical Costs for Drinking Water Treatment
The Ridgway Water Treatment Plant (WTP) in Elk County Pennsylvania uses a Real Tech Real UV254 online analyzer to achieve a 20-30% savings in annual coagulant use in their conventional water treatment process. The dual-feel Real UV254 analyzer is used to continuously monitor raw and finished water dissolved organics via a single online analyzer. Beyond operational cost savings, the Real UV254 ...
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Sustainable wastewater treatment chemicals in a dairy
Problem/Definition Atana Ltd has been tasked in reducing sludge generation produced at the sites effluent plant by introducing a new chemical regime. This would bring considerable savings on their daily running costs; reduce the need for hazardous substances and prevent any corrosive issues through the removal of inorganic chemicals. The plant also has consent issues with FOG and Suspended ...
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Evaluation of chitosan as a natural coagulant for drinking water treatment
Chitosan, a natural biopolymer, was evaluated for its ability to be used as a coagulant to treat water for potable use both in isolation and in combination with other water treatment technologies, specifically ion-exchange and activated carbon. Chitosan was found to be very effective for particle removal at doses far below those required for equivalent turbidity removal by inorganic coagulants. ...
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The dye or humic acid water treatment and membrane fouling by polyaluminum chloride composited with sodium alginate in coagulation–ultrafiltration process
Composite flocculants have been extensively studied and applied in recent years in order to improve the water treatment efficiency. In this study, a new composite flocculant prepared by polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and sodium alginate (SA) was used to treat dye and humic acid water in the coagulation–ultrafiltration process. The subsequent effects of PAC/SA on ultrafiltration membrane ...
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Technical Focus: Turbidity as Control for Primary Settlement
Turbidity is a very useful tool when regarding control within the primary settlement stage of water treatment. By utilising turbidity as a control variable during this stage of the process you can enable a more rapid response to variations in load and provide early warning to operators of equipment malfunction before it’s too late; allowing for immediate action to be taken and avoiding ...
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New treatment plant to feature ceramic membranes
The Parker Water and Sanitation District (PWSD) in Colorado has contracted for a membrane treatment system for its Rueter-Hess water treatment plant project. The new plant will treat water from the Rueter-Hess Reservoir (RHR), which is being built three miles southwest of downtown Parker on Newlin Gulch, which is a tributary drainage of Cherry Creek. The reservoir and associated treatment plan ...
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