biofilm Articles
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Comparison of four methods to assess biofilm development
Two nondestructive methods of biofilm quantification (optical density via a flatbed scanner and biofilm thickness) have been evaluated and compared to two destructive methods (Crystal Violet staining after biofilm disintegration and dry weight). The methods were tested on biofilms that developed on a modified rotating biological contactor (RBC) that was inoculated with urban wastewater and fed ...
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Effects of carbon sources, COD/NO2−-N ratios and temperature on the nitrogen removal performance of the simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) biofilm
The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effects of carbon sources and chemical oxygen demand (COD)/NO2−-N ratios on the anammox–denitrification coupling process of the simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) biofilm. Also, the anammox activities of the SNAD biofilm were investigated under different temperature. Kaldnes rings taken from the SNAD biofilm ...
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Mathematical modelling of biofilms and biofilm reactors for engineering design
Mathematical models are critical to modern environmental biotechnology—both in research and in the engineering practice. Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) simulators are used by consulting engineers and WWTP operators when planning, designing, optimizing, and evaluating the unit processes that comprise municipal and industrial WWTPs. Many WWTP simulators have been expanded to include a submerged ...
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From biofilm ecology to reactors: a focused review
Biofilms are complex biostructures that appear on all surfaces that are regularly in contact with water. They are structurally complex, dynamic systems with attributes of primordial multicellular organisms and multifaceted ecosystems. The presence of biofilms may have a negative impact on the performance of various systems, but they can also be used beneficially for the treatment of water ...
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Application of biofilm reactors to improve ammonia oxidation in low nitrogen loaded wastewater
An airlift reactor using zeolite particles as carrier material was used for the nitrification of effluents from the aquaculture industry. During the start-up the nitrogen concentration was kept around 100 mg NH4+-N/L to develop the nitrifying population. Later it was decreased down to around 3 mg NH4+-N/L and the dilution rate was increased up to 4.8 d-1 in order to simulate the conditions in a ...
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Hybrid activated sludge/biofilm process for the treatment of municipal wastewater in a cold climate region: a case study
A hybrid activated sludge/biofilm process was investigated for wastewater treatment in a cold climate region. This process, which contains both suspended biomass and biofilm, usually referred as IFAS process, is created by introducing plastic elements as biofilm carrier media into a conventional activated sludge reactor. In the present study, a hybrid process, composed of an activated sludge and ...
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Investigating nitrogen removal using simultaneous nitrification-denitrification in transferring wastewater through collection networks with small-diameter pipes
This study evaluates the removal of nitrogen compounds from wastewater in modified, small diameter gravity slope (SDGS) pipes during its conveyance. A 13-meter long, closed loop, wastewater collection network was designed and built at laboratory scale. The modified SDGS consists of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) tubes with perforated plastic netting fixed to the inner surfaces, to enhance biofilm ...
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Performance of a fixed-bed biofilm reactor with microbubble aeration in aerobic wastewater treatment
Microbubble aeration is supposed to be highly efficient for oxygen supply in aerobic wastewater treatment. In the present study, the performance of a fixed-bed biofilm reactor microbubble-aerated using a Shirasu porous glass (SPG) membrane system was investigated when treating synthetic municipal wastewater. The biofilm formation on the carriers was enhanced with microbubble aeration due to ...
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The impact of influent total ammonium nitrogen concentration on nitrite-oxidizing bacteria inhibition in moving bed biofilm reactor
The application of nitrification–denitrification over nitrite (nitritation–denitritation) with municipal (i.e. diluted and cold (or low-temperature)) wastewater can substantially improve the energy balance of municipal wastewater treatment plants. For the accumulation of nitrite, it is crucial to inhibit nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) with simultaneous proliferation of ...
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The MBBR Sewage Plant: The WHO, WHAT, WHEN, WHERE, WHY, and HOW
If you are researching biological water treatment methods and which one could be the best for your application, perhaps you’ve come across moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR). You probably have a few general questions as to how it works and how it can help you meet your particular company or municipalities wastewater treatment needs, but are having a hard time finding answers while searching ...
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Mutag BioChip high-performance biofilm carrier used in municipal wastewater treatment
In the recent past, a new and very innovative biofilm carrier named Mutag BioChip, developed and produced by the German company Multi Umwelttechnologie AG, has increasingly and very successfully got into the news with regard to the biological treatment of municipal/domestic sewage. In this field of application, the chip-shaped high-performance biofilm carrier is unsurpassed especially when it ...
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Mutag BioChip™ high-performance biofilm carrier used in municipal wastewater treatment
In the recent past, a new and very innovative biofilm carrier named Mutag BioChip™ has increasingly and very successfully got into the news with regard to the biological treatment of municipal/domestic sewage. By taking the example of an upgrading of a Swiss-based municipal sewage treatment plant (STP), in the article it will be explained how relatively easy it is to significantly enhance ...
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Bioelectrochemical nitrogen removal as a polishing mechanism for domestic wastewater treated effluents
Addition of an external carbon source is usually necessary to guarantee a sufficiently high C/N ratio and enable denitrification in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Alternatively, denitrification processes using autotrophic microorganisms have been proposed i.e., with the use of H2 as electron donor or with the use of cathodic denitrification in bioelectrochemical systems (BES), in which ...
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Operation of a full-scale pumped flow biofilm reactor (PFBR) under two aeration regimes
A novel technology suitable for centralised and decentralised wastewater treatment has been developed, extensively tested at laboratory-scale, and trialled at a number of sites for populations ranging from 15 to 400 population equivalents (PE). The two-reactor-tank pumped flow biofilm reactor (PFBR) is characterised by: (i) its simple construction; (ii) its ease of operation and maintenance; ...
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Comparison between hybrid moving bed biofilm reactor and activated sludge system: a pilot plant experiment
The paper presents the comparison between the traditional activated sludge system (AS) and a hybrid moving bed biofilm reactor (HMBBR). In particular, an experimental campaign has been carried out at the WWTP in Palermo (Italy), on a pilot plant consisting of two pre-anoxic schemes. The aerated tank of the HMBBR line was filled with suspended carriers (AnoxKaldnes™ K1), with a 30% filling ratio. ...
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Monitoring accumulation sediment characteristics in full scale sewer physical model with urban wastewater
A series of experiments were carried out with real wastewater in a pilot flume located at A Coruña wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) (Spain). A full scale model was developed to test a circular (300 mm inner diameter) and an equivalent area egg-shaped plastic pipe under controlled experimental conditions (pipe slope 2–5‰, averaged discharge Q = 4 L/s). Velocity profiles and sediment ...
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Fate of selected pharmaceutically active compounds in the integrated fixed film activated sludge process
The potential for integrated fixed film activated sludge (IFAS) processes to achieve enhanced transformation of pharmaceuticals relative to conventional activated sludge (CAS) processes was assessed. Previous studies have focused on direct comparisons of parallel reactors with and without fixed film carriers and little information is available on the impacts of how varying operating ...
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Comparative study on membrane fouling between membrane-coupled moving bed biofilm reactor and conventional membrane bioreactor for municipal wastewater treatment
This study compared the performance between membrane-coupled moving bed biofilm reactor (M-MBBR) and a conventional membrane bioreactor (MBR) in parallel. Extensive tests were conducted in three pilot-scale experimental units over 6 months. Emphasis was placed on the factors that would affect the performance of membrane filtration. The results showed that the concentrations of soluble microbial ...
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Meat Processing Wastewater Case Study
Nordfjord Kjott R.A. - Meat Processing Plant - Stryn, Norway The Challenge: Located deep in the mountains of Stryn,, the original plant consisted of an inlet pump station and Salsnes filter for pretreatment, fat removal and a Salsnes filter for post treatment. The plant also had 8 concrete tanks which were not in use. The municipality was faced with equivilent loading rates of 10,000 PE and ...
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Nutrient removal performance and microbial characteristics of a full-scale IFAS-EBPR process treating municipal wastewater
This work describes the nutrient removal performance and microbial characteristics of a full-scale integrated fixed-film activated sludge-enhanced biological phosphorus removal (IFAS-EBPR) process for municipal wastewater treatment. The polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis results showed that the presence of bacteria in this process, including Nitrosomonas sp., ...
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