total phosphorus Articles
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Experiences on dual media filtration of WWTP effluent
This research is legislation driven by the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Dutch Fourth Memorandum on Water Management. The objective of this research is to achieve the removal of total nitrogen and total phosphorus by Dual Media Filtration. The target value during this research for total nitrogen is 2.2 mg/L and for total phosphorus 0.15 mg/L. The results show that for NOx-N ...
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Comparison of sludge treatment by O3 and O3/H2O2
This work focuses on the comparison of sludge decomposition caused by ozone (O3) alone and by ozone/hydrogen peroxide (O3/H2O2). The content of carbonaceous organic materials, nitrogenous compounds and phosphoric substances in sludge supernatant were measured. The release of soluble chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) caused by O3/H2O2 treatment were more than ...
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Nitrification and denitrifying phosphorus removal in an upright continuous flow reactor
Simultaneous nitrification and denitrifying phosphorus removal was achieved in a single-sludge continuous flow bioreactor. The upright bioreactor was aligned with a biomass fermenter (BF) and operated continuously for over 350 days. This study revealed that unknown bacteria of the Saprospiraceae class may have been responsible for the successful nutrient removal in this bioreactor. The ...
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Assessment of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in an intermittently aerated sequencing batch reactor (IASBR) and a sequencing batch reactor (SBR)
Biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal was investigated in an intermittently aerated sequencing batch reactor (IASBR) and a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The removal efficiencies of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N) were 100% in both reactors in steady operation state. The total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiencies were 90.4% in the IASBR and 79.3% in the SBR, while the ...
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Advanced treatment of WWTP effluent with filtration leading to a pretreatment technique for membrane filtration
In 2000 the European Union introduced the Water Framework Directive (WFD). The aim of the WFD is having an ecological and chemical balance for all surface waters in Europe in 2015. The European Commission identified 33 priority substances and their maximum allowable concentrations, FHI-values (Fraunhofer Institute), which are specified in the Annex of the WFD. The objective of this research is to ...
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A two-stage soil infiltration system incorporated with heterotrophic denitrification (TSISHD) for urban runoff treatment
To enhance denitrification performance of soil infiltration, a soil infiltration system incorporated with heterotrophic denitrification (TSISHD) for urban runoff treatment was developed. Sawdust and grass powders were added in the anaerobic stage (ANS) to provide organic carbon sources for the denitrification process, and the reduction environment was improved by iron addition in the ANS. ...
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Constructed wetland using corncob charcoal substrate: pollutants removal and intensification
To investigate the feasibility of using corncob charcoal substrate in constructed wetlands, four laboratory-scale vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) were built. Effluent pollutant (chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH4+-N, total phosphorus (TP)) concentrations during the experiment were determined to reveal pollutant removal mechanisms and efficiencies at different stages. In the stable ...
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Effects of open water on the performance of a constructed wetland for nonpoint source pollution control
The seasonal performance of four differently configured constructed wetland systems was compared for the treatment efficiency of nonpoint source pollution. Dead plants in the constructed wetlands increased the nitrogen removal rate during winter by providing organic carbon, which is essential for the denitrification process. However, when the wetlands released phosphorus from the dead plants, the ...
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Efficiencies of multilayer infiltration systems for the removal of urban runoff pollutants
Current rates of urban development will result in water runoff becoming a major complication of urban water pollution. To address the worsening situation regarding water resource shortage and pollution, novel multilayer infiltration systems were designed and their effectiveness for removing pollutants in urban runoff tested experimentally. The multilayer infiltration systems effectively removed ...
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Treatment of agricultural drainage water via downflow hanging sponge system for reuse in agriculture
Treatment of agricultural drainage water (ADW) in a down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor has been investigated for a period of 1 y. The reactor was operated at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 5.26, 2.63, and 1.5 h and corresponding organic loading rates (OLRs) of 2.01, 1.86, and 4.43 kg COD/m3 d, respectively. The results obtained indicated that, decreasing the HRT from 5.26 to ...
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Seasonal variation of microbial community for the treatment of tail water in constructed wetland
Effects of seasons and hydraulic loading rates (HLR) on the treatment performance and the response of the microbial community of vertical flow constructed wetland treating tail water were investigated. The seasonal treatment performance was evaluated at four HLR of 125, 250, 375 and 500 mm/d, respectively. The microbial community was detected by MiSeq Illumina platform at HLR 125 and 375 ...
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Treatment of eutrophic lake water and phosphorus recovery by reusing alum sludge and/or wood
Treatment of eutrophic lake water was investigated, when alum sludge and/or wood were used as the media for laboratory-scale filtration. Process 1 consisted of Column 1 with wood and Column 2 with alum sludge in series, and Process 2 of Column 3 with alum sludge. The filtration velocity was 0.45 and 0.91 m/d for 49 days each. Both processes removed suspended solids and total phosphorus well ...
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Comparative study on nutrient removal of agricultural non-point source pollution for three filter media filling schemes in eco-soil reactors
Nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) from agricultural non-point source (NPS) pollution have been increasingly recognized as a major contributor to the deterioration of water quality in recent years. The purpose of this article is to investigate the discrepancies in interception of nutrients in agricultural NPS pollution for eco-soil reactors using different filling schemes. Parallel eco-soil ...
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Removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from the secondary effluent in tertiary denitrifying biofilters combined with micro-coagulation
Effective control of nitrogen and phosphorus in secondary effluent can reduce or avoid the eutrophication of receiving water bodies. Two denitrifying biofilters (DNBFs) packed with different sizes of quartz sands combined with micro-coagulation were operated for simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from the secondary effluent. The quartz sand size in one DNBF was 2–4 mm (DNBFS), ...
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WEF/WERF study of BNR plants achieving very low N and P limits: evaluation of technology performance and process reliability
The Water Environment Research Foundation (WERF) funded a two-year comprehensive study of nutrient removal plants designed and operated to meet very low effluent total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations. WERF worked with the Water Environment Federation (WEF) to solicit participation of volunteers and provide a forum for information exchange at workshops at its annual ...
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Enhancing nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the BUCT–IFAS process by bypass flow strategy
A University of Cape Town process coupled with integrated fixed biofilm and activated sludge system was modified by bypass flow strategy (BUCT–IFAS) to enhance nitrogen and phosphorus removal from the wastewater containing insufficient carbon source. This process was operated under different bypass flow ratios (λ were 0, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7, respectively) to investigate the ...
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Performance of hybrid subsurface constructed wetland system for piggery wastewater treatment
The objective of this study was to evaluate performance of a hybrid constructed wetland (CW) built for high organic content piggery wastewater treatment in a cold region. The system consists of four vertical and one horizontal flow subsurface CWs. The wetland was built in 2009 and water quality was monitored from the outset. Average purification efficiency of this system was 95 ± 5, 91 ± 7, ...
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Pilot-scale study of vertical flow constructed wetland combined with trickling filter and ferric chloride coagulation: influence of irregular operational conditions
The aim of this study was to characterize the efficiency of an intensified process of vertical flow constructed wetland having the following particularities: (i) biological pretreatment by trickling filter, (ii) FeCl3 injection for dissolved phosphorus removal and (iii) succession of different levels of redox conditions along the process line. A pilot-scale set-up designed to simulate a ...
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A novel anoxic–aerobic biofilter process using new composite packing material for the treatment of rural domestic wastewater
A pilot scale experiment was conducted to evaluate the characteristics of contaminants removal in a continuously two-stage biological process composed of an anoxic biofilter (AF) and an biological aerated filter (BAF). This novel process was developed by introducing new composite packing material (MZF) into bioreactors to treat rural domestic wastewater. A comparative study conducted by the ...
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Application of water quality detector
Background: Water quality detector is a device used to measure the quality of water. It usually consists of multiple sensors and measuring systems to detect water pH, REDOX potential (ORP), electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, turbidity, hardness, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), ...
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