water distribution Articles
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Automated determination and evaluation of water losses in water distribution systems
Using conventional methods and tools for determining detailed zonal water balances and performance indicators involves considerable efforts in manual data collection and processing. Hence, water balances mostly are determined for a whole network only. Unmetered components are often neglected or based on rough estimates. This article presents an approach to the automated determination of zonal ...
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Water distribution system model calibration under uncertainty environments
The calibration process of water distribution system models allows for accurate and reliable hydraulic analysis results. Thus, calibration is of utmost importance if adequate operation and maintenance model-based procedures are sought. However, in emerging economies, there is a series of factors that make it more difficult to construct accurate models, including very poor information management, ...
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Analysis of the impact of intermittent distribution by modelling the network-filling process
In many countries, users acquire private tanks to reduce their vulnerability to water scarcity. In such conditions, water managers often apply intermittent distribution in order to reduce the water volumes supplied to the users. This practice modifies the hydraulic behaviour of the network and determines competition among users that need to collect enough water resource for their uses. ...
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What is the cross flow cooling tower
Cross flow Cooling Towers offer excellent, easy accessibility of all key components such as fill, drift eliminators, mechanical equipment and water distribution system. This takes out a lot of the hassle for your maintenance personnel. Midwest Cooling Towers’ cross flow towers are available in various cell sizes and various combinations of components, in order to meet your specific ...
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A comparison between different techniques for water network sectorization
Water network partitioning represents one of the best methodologies for improving water balance and pressure control of a water distribution system in order to reduce water leakage. These techniques can be applied with greater effectiveness defining a smaller permanent network district, called a District Meter Area (DMA), achieved by the insertion of gate valves and flow meters. If the DMAs are ...
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The economic impact of climate-driven changes in water availability in Switzerland
The broad objective of this study is to estimate the economic impact of changes in water availability due to climate change in Switzerland with a 2050 time horizon. To do so, the sectoral structure of the computable general equilibrium model GEMINI-E3 is being extended. Raw water resources are introduced as a production factor into the model and a drinking water distribution sector is ...
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Seasonal organics variations: effects on the efficiency of water treatment processes
Natural organic matter (NOM) in source water has created a lot of interest in the field of water purification. It is of particular concern for surface water treatment plants since it can produce undesirable disinfection by-products (DBPs), interferes with the performance of water treatment processes such as coagulation, membrane filtration, and oxidation processes, and leads to bacterial ...
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How Can Zeoturb Flocculant Provide Effective Floccculation Water Treatment While Protecting Sewer Networks?
Concrete distribution and sewer networks are being corroded at an alarming rate partly because of a commonly used additive for conventional flocculation water treatment for domestic drinking water and waste water treatment process according to published reports in the respected journal Science. In countries throughout the world from industrialized nations like Australia and the USA to developing ...
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Water Flow Monitoring Helps Avoid Costly Fines
Water Distribution Company Refines Pumping System Many water distribution companies use a similar process for Water Flow Monitoring: Collect water from a well with the help of water pumps, utilize a pond or reservoir to temporarily store the water and maintain a loading center to fill water trucks for transport. The problem is how to pump the maximum allowable volume of water on a day-to-day ...
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Innovation through partnership with LORENTZ - Case Study
Solar Water Solutions partnered up with LORENTZ making the Solar Water ATM technology possible: Our containerized solar-desalination system is in charge of the water cleaning process and the smartTap Water Dispensers are integrated on the side to take care of the distribution of water. Learn more from the case study. This following case study is in more depth about the groundbreaking project in ...
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Trial in Johor, Malaysia, pinpoints 115 leaks
Introduction Ranhill SAJ, a subsidiary of Ranhill Holdings Berhad, is an integrated water supply company, involved in the process of water treatment and distribution of treated water to consumers right up to billing and collection. It serves around 3.1 million population and manages 22,175km of pipes over an area of approximately 19,000 square kilometres. Ranhill SAJ appointed Ranhill Water ...
By Ovarro
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How can Zeoturb bio-organic flocculant provide sustainable flocculation while protecting water distribution networks?
Concrete distribution and sewer networks are being corroded at an alarming rate partly because of a commonly used additive for conventional flocculation in the domestic drinking water and waste water treatment process according to published reports in the journal Science. In countries throughout the world from industrialized nations like Australia and the USA to developing nations like Colombia, ...
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Water budget analysis and management for Bangkok Metropolis, Thailand
The water budget of the Bangkok Metropolis system was analyzed using a material flow analysis model. Total imported flows into the system were 80,080 million m3 per year (Mm3 y–1) including inflows from the Chao Phraya and Mae Klong rivers and rainwater. Total exported flows out of the system were 78,528 Mm3 y–1 including outflow into the lower Chao Phraya River and tap water (TW) distributed ...
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iTOXcontrol safeguards intake Romanian drinking water (Toxcontrol)
The Romanian water supply company Apavital has installed a monitoring station to safeguard the intake of water from the river Prut. The monitoring station is part of an integrated monitoring that signals sudden changes in the water quality of the rivers, enabling Apavital to take appropriate measures, in the worst case a stop of the intake. The iTOXcontrol is developed by the Dutch company ...
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How to avoid system downtime when installing flow meters
FPI Mag installed in pipe. Water and wastewater utilities rely on accurate flow measurement for important process controls. These may include recycle streams, chemical dosing systems, and other operational functions. In addition, regulators require utilities to measure certain flows, such as treatment plant influent and effluent and potable water pumping. Accurate flow measurement is also ...
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Israel/Haifa: Cutting water loss by more than half in a rigorous process - Case Study
Introduction Haifa is Israel’s third-largest city with a population of over 250,000. It is in the very north of Israel, close to the border to Lebanon and beautifully situated on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea. Mei Carmel is a public corporation founded in 2010 as a spin-off from the municipal government with the aim to improving the public service level to the residents of Haifa. Mei ...
By Gutermann AG
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Cooling Tower
A cooling tower is a specialized heat exchanger in which air and water are brought into direct contact to reduce the water’s temperature. As this occurs, a small volume of water is evaporated, reducing the temperature of the water being circulated through the tower. They represent a relatively inexpensive and dependable means of removing heat from cooling water. The make-up water source is ...
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Sea Water Desalination - Technical Article
Sea Water Desalination is a specific process involving molecular separation via membrane technology to reduce the dissolved salt and mineral content of sea water to a level suitable for human and animal consumption, commercial/industrial and irrigation uses. This process involves three water streams namely sea water as the intake source, Product / Permeate water of potable drinking water quality ...
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Hypochlorous Acid Electrolyzed Water Disinfectant Machine: What Is Water Disinfection?
The process of water disinfection helps remove, deactivate or kill different types of pathogenic microorganisms. Typically, microorganisms are either deactivated or destroyed, which results in the termination of the reproduction or growth. If you don't drink water that is free of microorganisms, you may end up falling sick. Let's find out more about it. Sterilization is a common process used to ...
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Upgrade Fill Media to Improve Cooling Tower Efficiency
One of the simplest and most cost-effective ways in which to extend the life of a cooling tower, improve heat transfer efficiency and reduce maintenance downtime, is to upgrade the cooling tower’s fill media to components constructed out of robust and non-clogging materials such as Polypropylene (PP), PVC or stainless steel. Fill is a critical component in the heat transfer process of ...
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