groundwater flow Articles
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Groundwater intrusion into leaky sewer systems
Vast volumes of groundwater are drained by urban sewer systems. This unwanted flow component intrudes into sewer systems through leaky joints or connected house drains. However, unlike urban storm drainage, it has a high seasonal variation corresponding to groundwater storage and long slow recessions similar to baseflow in rivers also fed by shallow groundwater exfiltrating into the surface ...
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Water balance between surface water and groundwater in the withdrawal process: a case study of the Osceola watershed
A generalized hierarchical approach with a water balance function is introduced to simulate stream-flow depletion in a complex groundwater system in Osceola County. The groundwater flow system at the site, because of the complex interaction between ambient streams, exhibits a unique multi-scale pattern that proves to be difficult to simulate using standard modelling tools. The hierarchical ...
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Modelling present and future Po river interactions with alluvial aquifers (Low Po River Plain, Italy)
A modelling study on a multi-layered confined/unconfined alluvial aquifer system was performed to quantify surface water/groundwater interactions. The calibrated groundwater flow model was used to forecast climate change impacts by implementing the results of a downscaled A1B model ensemble for the Po river valley. The modelled area is located in the north-western portion of the Ferrara ...
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Groundwater flow modeling to support water management scenarios – the Bekaa Valley, Lebanon
The Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs funded a project aimed at developing tools for water management in the Bekaa valley, Lebanon. The Lebanese Ministry of Energy and Water implemented the project, supported by the University of Milan Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (DISAA). The geologic framework consists of a cretacean-eocean carbonatic structure, crossed by a fracture ...
By Tethys srl
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Bank filtration as managed surface-groundwater interaction
Riverbank Filtration (RBF) is a managed surface-groundwater interaction process where surface water is induced to flow to pumping wells installed on the banks of rivers and lakes. We present the surface-groundwater interaction issues at various geomorphologic settings, from the headwaters of a river to its confluence with the oceans/lakes. In each reach, the factors for the sustainable operation ...
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Groundwater flow and transport model of the Estonian Artesian Basin and its hydrological developments
The sophisticated research and management problems of the Estonian water environment are considered by means of holistic modelling. The model elaborated is based on the computer code Visual MODFLOW Classic. The model encompasses the entire Estonian Artesian Basin (EAB) and the border districts of Russia and Latvia. It involves all main aquifers and aquitards on an area of 88,000 km2. The main ...
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Project - Tier 1 Water Budget Model for the Conservation Halton Area
Client: Halton Region, 1151 Bronte Road, Oakville, Ontario, Canada, L6M 3L1 Sudhakar Kurli, P.Geo., Source Protection Coordinator Client: Key Personnel: E.J. Wexler, D. Kassenaar, A. Kodippili, J. Ford. Earthfx completed multiple modelling assessments for Halton Region beginning with the development of models for the Milton area, which were used in the Halton Aquifer Management Plan (Holysh, ...
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Project - Regional Groundwater Model for the Grand River Basin
Earthfx Incorporated developed a preliminary regional-scale groundwater model for the entire Grand River Conservation Authority area. The objective of the study was to better understand regional groundwater flow in the GRCA and evaluate the interaction between the river and the various aquifer systems in the basin. A key aspect of the study was the integration of multiple smaller-scale models ...
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Groundwater, flooding and hydrological functioning in the Findhorn floodplain, Scotland
A large floodplain of the River Findhorn, northeast Scotland, was investigated using hydrogeological and hydrochemical methods (including residence time indicators) to characterise groundwater/surface-water coupling and groundwater flooding. The study demonstrated widespread stratification within the floodplain: shallow (<8 mbgl) deposits are highly permeable (100 m/d); deeper deposits ...
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Project - Database and Groundwater Model Analysis of the Oak Ridges Moraine, Ontario
Project Description: Land development in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) is encroaching on the high recharge areas of the Oak Ridges Moraine (ORM). The ORM provides drinking water for over 2 million residents and headwater streamflow for all the major rivers in the GTA. As part of provincial efforts to protect the moraine, Earthfx was hired to develop a database, regional scale groundwater flow ...
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Project - WHPA Vulnerability Analysis for the Region of Peel Wellfields, Ontario
Client: Region of Peel Infrastructure Planning, Engineering and Construction Group A. Korniluk, M.Sc., P.Geo. Project Manager Hydrogeologist 10 Peel Centre Drive, Brampton, ON L6T 4B9 Project Description: Earthfx was hired by the Region of Peel to develop wellhead protection areas and contaminant vulnerability assessments for the Caledon East and Palgrave communities. Project work began with the ...
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Finite element modelling of a heavily exploited coastal aquifer for assessing the response of groundwater level to the changes in pumping and rainfall variation due to climate change
Coastal aquifers are always under threat of seawater intrusion due to over-extraction of groundwater. The objective here is to assess aquifer response to variation in pumping and rainfall recharge due to projected climate change by groundwater modelling in a heavily exploited aquifer. Finite element groundwater flow modelling was carried out from March 1988 to December 2030 using FEFLOW ...
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Project - Rouge River Watershed Management Plan
Client: Toronto and Region Conservation Authority. Don Ford, P.Geo. Manager, Hydrogeology, 5 Shoreham Drive, Downsview, ON M3N1S4 Tel:416-661-6600×5369 dford@trca.on.ca Key Personnel: Dirk Kassenaar and E.J. Wexler Building on earlier work on the Oak Ridges Moraine, Earthfx worked with the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority (TRCA) to develop key surface water and ...
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Assessing selenium contamination in the irrigated stream–aquifer system of the Arkansas river, Colorado
Received for publication December 4, 2008. Prudent interventions for reducing selenium (Se) in groundwater and streams within an irrigated river valley must be guided by a sound understanding of current field conditions. An emerging picture of the nature of Se contamination within the Lower Arkansas River Valley in Colorado is provided by data from a large number of groundwater and surface water ...
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Aquifers and hyporheic zones: Towards an ecological understanding of groundwater
Ecological constraints in subsurface environments relate directly to groundwater flow, hydraulic conductivity, interstitial biogeochemistry, pore size, and hydrological linkages to adjacent aquifers and surface ecosystems. Groundwater ecology has evolved from a science describing the unique subterranean biota to its current form emphasising multidisciplinary studies that integrate hydrogeology ...
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Overcoming the challenges of using a rainfall–runoff model to estimate the impacts of groundwater extraction on low flows in an ephemeral stream
Simple modelling approaches such as a spatially lumped, rainfall–runoff model offer a number of advantages in the management of water resources including the relative ease with which groundwater and surface water accounts can be evaluated at the river-reach scale in data-poor areas. However, rainfall–runoff models are generally not well suited for use in ephemeral river systems ...
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Case study: Chevron - Intel gained from Aquatrack avoids a multi-million dollar problem
Introduction Chevron didn’t become one of the world’s largest and most respected energy companies by following others; they got there by blazing their own trail. With their corporate commitment to being a responsible and environmentally friendly company, Chevron stands apart from their competitors by being open to new ideas. Chevron developed a new technique for revitalizing oil ...
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Water supply planning & environmental studies
Client: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Completion Date: 1998 Services Provided Surface water modeling Groundwater modeling Storage reservoir siting and assessment Facility modifications Water supply alternative evaluations Water quality analysis Hydrology and hydraulics Cost estimating Water supply engineering Preliminary and design engineering Baseline biological ...
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Large Precipitation Events are Critical in Replenishing Groundwater Resources
Large precipitation events that occur about every 10 years are a critical source of recharge for replenishing groundwater resources, according to a new study by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Bureau of Reclamation. Groundwater is a vital source of water in the western United States, and will be increasingly important with continued population growth and climate variability. Understanding ...
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Sustainability of Arizona’s few remaining perennial streams.
Mother Nature made water simple. In general, water comprises a continuum in whatever phase or phases it may occur. If you take some here, you have less somewhere else. Arizona law does not readily account for this simple concept; rather it arbitrarily divides water into different classes to be regulated as if the classes were somehow distinct and separable. This creation of different classes of ...
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