Coliform Articles
-
Potentially pathogenic bacteria isolated from different tropical waters in Sri Lanka
This study investigated the bacteriological contamination of different water sources in Sri Lanka. Source waters (n = 74) including bottled water, well water and surface water were assessed for enumerating total coliforms and faecal coliforms using the membrane filtration method. The results showed that 18.5 and 14.8% of bottled water samples were contaminated with total coliforms ...
-
Performance of modified design pond sand filters
Two pond sand filters (PSFs) with modified design were constructed in Pathorghata Upazila of Barguna District located in southern Bangladesh. Performance assessment of the PSFs was done after commissioning in terms of quality of filtered water, ease of operation and maintenance, monthly check-up of production capacity/efficiency of the filters, users' participation and acceptability of the ...
-
Performance assessment of modified biosand filter with an extra disinfection layer
Biosand filters (BSFs) have been used widely as an efficient, inexpensive, and appropriate point-of-use technology. Several organizations are promoting filters without adequate testing, which may not lead to sufficiently safe devices. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of a modified biosand filter (MBSF) with an extra disinfection layer (brass or zero valent iron ...
-
Microbiological assessment of private drinking water supplies in Co. Cork, Ireland
The microbiological quality of 75 private drinking water supply boreholes in Co. Cork, Ireland was assessed in order to determine the incidence of contamination and the potential pathways of such contamination. Microbiological analysis was carried out using the membrane filtration technique for the recovery of thermotolerant (faecal) coliforms. The sanitary protection of the supplies was ...
-
Microbiological contamination of water pans in Baringo County
Water pans constitute the main source of rural water supply in Baringo County. This study sought to assess the spatial-temporal variation of total coliforms, Escherichia coli, Fecal streptococcus and Salmonella species in the water pans. A sanitary survey was conducted to observe the potential sources of microbial contamination on the water pans. Water was sampled from one protected and five ...
-
Removal of contaminants and pathogens from secondary effluents using intermittent sand filters
Intermittent infiltration percolation of wastewater through unsaturated sand bed is an extensive treatment technique aimed at eliminating organic matter, oxidizing ammonium and removing pathogens. The main purpose of this study was to determine the depuration efficiencies of a sand filter to remove contaminants from secondary wastewater effluents. Elimination of pathogenic bacteria (total and ...
-
Surveillance of the chemical and microbial quality of drinking water for safe water supply in an urban area
To ascertain the quality of drinking water, surveillance of drinking water quality was conducted in Bhopal. The water supply to water treatment plants (WTPs) is from Kolar dam and Upper Lake. There was no significant change in water quality at the Kolar WTP on a day-to-day basis except in summer, when the manganese content of raw water was 0.3–0.4 mg/L, which was removed during treatment. The ...
-
Home water treatment by direct filtration with natural coagulant
ABSTRACTSeeds of the plant species Strychnos potatorum and Moringa oleifera contain natural polyelectrolytes which can be used as coagulants to clarify turbid waters. In laboratory tests, direct filtration of a turbid surface water (turbidity 15-25 NTU, heterotrophic bacteria 280-500 cfu ml−1, and fecal coliforms 280-500 MPN 100 ml−1), with seeds of S. potatorum or M. oleifera as ...
-
Comparison of the role of attachment, aggregation and internalisation of microorganisms in UVC and UVA (solar) disinfection
In this comparative study, the impact of two microbial protective mechanisms against simulated UVA disinfection was assessed by using protocols previously developed for UVC disinfection assays. (i) The impact of natural microorganism aggregation and attachment to particles was assessed by targeting total coliform bacteria in natural surface water samples. (ii) The impact of bacteria ...
-
Bacteria removal effectiveness of ceramic pot filters not applied with colloidal silver
In many developing countries such as Guatemala, access to safe drinking water is very limited. Many sources of water that are available are contaminated with bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli and other coliform bacteria. In order to provide a means of obtaining safe drinking water in developing countries, various methods of treating water at the household level have been developed and ...
-
Occurrence of norovirus and other enteric viruses in untreated groundwaters of Korea
A total of 39 water samples from 23 different groundwater wells in Korea were collected and analyzed in order to monitor the occurrence of norovirus (NoV) and other indicator microbes as the first part of a national survey of groundwater. More than 500 L of untreated groundwater were filtered through 1MDS filters. Following elution and concentration by organic flocculation, PCR and sequence ...
-
Performance of a biofilter system with agave fiber filter media for municipal wastewater treatment
Agave plants grow in semi-arid regions and are used for mescal production. However, agave fiber by-products are considered waste materials. Thus, we tested agave fiber as a filter media and biofilm material carrier for removing pollutants from municipal wastewater. Three laboratory-scale biofiltration reactors were used in two trials with five hydraulic loading rates (HLRs = 0.27, 0.54, ...
-
Efficacy of an appropriate point-of-use water treatment intervention for low-income communities in India utilizing
Moringa oleifera , sari-cloth filtration and solar UV disinfectionThis study investigated the efficacy of a POU water treatment system featuring sari-cloth filtration and/or Moringa oleifera coagulation as pre-treatments for solar disinfection (SODIS). Surface water from a peri-urban slum in Chennai, India, was treated and analysed for turbidity, organic content via chemical oxygen demand (COD) and microbiological quality via most probable number (MPN) ...
-
Laboratory efficacy and field effectiveness of hollow fiber membrane microfilters used for household water treatment in Honduras
The Sawyer PointONE™ hollow fiber membrane filter is increasingly promoted for long-term household water treatment in developing countries. Limited data demonstrate PointONE™ microbiological laboratory efficacy and short-term diarrheal disease reduction among users, but household microbiological data is lacking. To compare laboratory and household PointONE™ filter microbiological performance, ...
-
The WaterBank Project Indonesia - Case Study
The WaterBank Project is situated in the Terban district on the island of Java in Indonesia. A densely populated area, Terban lies approximately one kilometer from the central business district of the city of Yogyakarta. Most of the residents of Terban are economically disadvantaged with an average income of $5 per day. Clean water is a luxury few can afford in this area. The discolored ...
-
Color removal and disinfection with UV/H2O2 system for wastewater reclamation and reuse
ABSTRACTReuse of wastewater effluents from secondary treatment processes in municipal wastewater treatment plants has been issued because of substantial volumes of relatively clean waters. The major components of criteria for wastewater reclamations are color, organic matter, and pathogens. An advanced oxidation process with low-pressure ultraviolet and hydrogen peroxide addition (UV/H2O2 system) ...
-
Bacterial adaptation and performance of household biosand water filters in differing temperatures
The household biosand filter (BSF) is a highly utilized point-of-use water treatment tool. The effect of ambient temperature on the ability of the BSF to remove microbes from water is unclear. Model filters were distributed among different temperature-controlled laboratories and dosed daily with surface water amended with sewage. Comparison of the total coliform and Escherichia coli counts in ...
-
A study of feasibility for water purification using vertical porous concrete filter
Abstract: There is a need to find cheaper and simpler techniques for rural water filtration system in developing countries. Using a filter made of blocks for the water treatment enables one to make vertical filters. It is expected that the amount of land utilized would decrease by more than 70 % if vertical filters were used. The operation and washing would be simpler than using horizontal sand ...
-
Ceramic water filters impregnated with silver nanoparticles as a point-of-use water-treatment intervention for HIV-positive individuals in Limpopo Province, South Africa: a pilot study of technological performance and human health benefits
Waterborne pathogens present a significant threat to people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). This study presents a randomized, controlled trial that evaluates whether a household-level ceramic water filter (CWF) intervention can improve drinking water quality and decrease days of diarrhea in PLWH in rural South Africa. Seventy-four participants were randomized in an ...
-
The effect of operating parameters on the performance of a biosand filter: a statistical experiment design approach
The influence of three important parameters, namely, pause time, charge volume and influent turbidity on the performance of a biosand filter (BSF) was assessed by employing response surface methodology with a Box-Behnken design. Fifteen runs were conducted in triplicate using a full-scale BSF with a pore volume of 19.6 L, and the performance of the filter was assessed by monitoring total ...
Need help finding the right suppliers? Try XPRT Sourcing. Let the XPRTs do the work for you