surface measurement Articles
-
Aiming to Improve Local Marine Conditions
Surface water measurements in the Stockholm archipelago Waxholmsbolaget Shipping Company assists the entrepreneurially lead Baltic Deepwater Life Organisation to make high-resolution surface water measurements in the Stockholm Archipelago. The goal is to map model the driving factors behind excess nutrients in the marine environment. Learn more about the products and systems used to assess the ...
-
Seasonal and diurnal characteristics of surface level O3 and its precursors in the north-central part of India
Surface measurements of ozone and its precursor gases NO2 and CO have been made over an urban site of Agra (semi-arid region) for year 2005. O3, NO2 and CO show diurnal variations during all seasons. Overall increased concentration of O3 is majority attributed to increase in concentrations of NO2 and CO. The highest average concentration of O3 was observed in winters, followed by summers and ...
-
Characterizing Topographic Spatial Resolution With the Instrument Transfer Function
Abstract A metrological characteristic common to all methods for areal surface topography measurement is the topographic spatial resolution (TSR), defined as the ability to distinguish closely-spaced surface features. This ability is limited in mechanical stylus instruments by the stylus tip geometry, while for instruments that rely on optical imaging, influence quantities can be the Rayleigh ...
-
An operational approach to real-time dynamic measurement of discharge
Based on the maximization of entropy, microwave sensors are becoming standard approaches for converting point surface velocity measurements into discharge. Unfortunately, this conversion is conditioned by cross-section regularity and by the need to take the surface measures above the vertical where the maximum velocity occurs. Cross-section irregularities and the presence of floodplains, ...
-
Automated Measurement of Slurry Surface Settlement
An automated float method for measuring slurry surface settlement is described. The system consists of a Perspex float which is denser than water but lighter than the slurry into which it penetrates slightly and floats on the slurry/water interface. Settlement of this float is then automatically tracked using an LVDT. Comparison with direct cathetometer measurement demonstrates that except for ...
-
Why Computer-Generated Holograms Matter in Asphere Metrology
Aspheres and other complex optical surface shapes have become common to many optical systems as they offer wider design flexibility, lighter weight, smaller volume, and optimized optical performance. CGHs are a natural extension of Fizeau interferometry, the industry standard for optics metrology, and offer significant benefits for metrology of aspheres. But challenges remain for CGHs in ...
-
Surface roughness vision measurement in different ambient light conditions
Machine vision method was used to measure the surface roughness for different Φ38 mm grinding axes in different ambient light conditions. To analyse the effect of ambient light, a method based on the grey-level co-occurrence matrix was applied at the first step. Then, a new calculation method was proposed to minimise the effect of ambient light during measurement. At the calibration stage, ...
-
Surface ozone measurements and meteorological influences in the urban atmosphere of Istanbul
Hourly measurements of ozone concentration in the urban atmosphere of Istanbul were carried out from February 1998 to July 1999. An assessment of the annual variations and relationships of ozone concentrations and meteorological variables was made. Annual variations were first examined without considering meteorological variables, and meteorological influences on ozone seasonal values were then ...
-
Soil-surface CO2 fluxes in a Deyeuxia angustifolia wetland in Sanjiang Plain, China
In many temperate-zone ecosystems, seasonal changes in environmental and biological factors influence the dynamics and magnitude of surface–atmosphere exchange. Research was conducted between July and October 2001 to measure growing season surface-layer fluxes of CO2 in a Deyeuxia angustifolia dominated wetland on the Sanjiang Plain in northeastern China. Seasonal fluctuation and daily change in ...
-
OTT SVR 100 - Surface Velocity Radar for Measuring Open Channel Flow
Introduction The measurement of water surface velocities to determine discharge in rivers and open channels is one of the oldest measuring methods in hydrometry, well-tried and easy operably since centuries with the aid of floaters. The determination of discharge by surface velocity measurements is also covered by various hydrometric standards and guidelines such as ISO 748 “Hydrometry ...
-
Assessment of the limiting step of mass transfer in
n -hexadecane biodegradation in a bubble column reactorA mathematical model was developed to assess limiting step of mass transfer in the n-hexadecane (HXD) biodegradation by a microbial consortium. A double Monod kinetic (oxygen and HXD) for biomass production was successfully used to describe the experimental data. Good fitting (r2=0.92) between the model solution and experimental data was obtained. The overall mass transfer coefficients for HXD, ...
-
The Importance of Electropolishing
Protecting Your Food and Beverage Equipment and Industrial Process It’s scheduled maintenance time in an industrial food production facility. Maintenance and cleaning teams scramble into action, checking off the maintenance needs while cleaning the conveyors, drying equipment, processing vessels, tanks, and toasting ovens inside the facility. As the equipment is being cleaned, tiny pieces ...
-
Parameterisation of convective PBL using surface data for the wind and stability classes
A simple two-layer model of convective planetary boundary layer (CPBL), consisting of a Surface Layer and an Ekman layer over it and developed in accordance with the similarity theory is used to obtain the vertical profiles of the temperature, wind velocity and the turbulent exchange coefficient in CPBL from the surface wind measurements and atmospheric stability data. As input to this model the ...
-
Adsorption studies of Orange II onto polyaniline/bentonite nanocomposite
Modification of bentonite is essential for the adsorption of anionic dyes, as its negative surface charge. In this study, polyaniline/bentonite (PAni-Bent) nanocomposite was synthesized by in-situ intercalative polymerization technique and used to remove anionic dye Orange II (ORII) from synthetic wastewater. Its structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron ...
-
Intermediate Reynolds/Peclet number, flat plate boundary layer flows over catalytic surfaces for micro-combustion applications
The reactive, flat plate boundary layer flow of close-tostoichiometric, methaneair mixtures over small size Pt plates is studied experimentally for intermediate Reynolds and Peclet numbers which pertain to micro-combustion applications. The surface temperature was measured with infrared thermography and correlated to reactant concentration profiles acquired with line-Raman imaging. Three phases ...
-
New Surface Area Reference Materials to Support Exemplary Quality Assurance in Routine Measurements
Micromeritics Instrument Corp., a global leader in surface area measurement, has introduced a new range of secondary standards which makes it easier to demonstrate the highest levels of data integrity when characterizing surface area by gas adsorption. Traceable to either NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) or BAM (Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung) ...
-
GMR: Superior Technology for Surface Magnetic Resonance Measurements of Hydrogeologic Properties
Introduction Surface magnetic resonance is a powerful geophysical method that provides direct, non-invasive detection and imaging of groundwater. However, the ability to obtain reliable and accurate results requires sophisticated instrumentation and software. Choosing the wrong instrument can result in unreliable data, lost investment, and potentially physical injury to the users or bystanders. ...
-
Preparation and characterisation of CaO–Bi
2O3complex oxideCa4Bi6O13 powders prepared from a citric acid complex were characterised by X–ray diffraction, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra and specific surface area measurements. In a citric acid complex method, the single phase of Ca4Bi6O13 crystal was obtained at 700°C in air. The Ca4Bi6O13 powders calcined at 700°C for 12 h had a crystallite size of 68 nm and a specific surface area ...
-
What is the Right Moisture Meter for Me?
Looking to add a moisture meter to your tool bag? Here’s what you need to know to find the right tool for you. Moisture meters come in two varieties: pin and pinless. A pin moisture meter can provide quantifiable results but needs to pierce the surface to take measurements; a pinless moisture meter is faster and non-destructive, but only provides a relative ...
-
Contributions of holography to the advancement of interferometric measurements of surface topography
Abstract Two major fields of study in optics—holography and interferometry—have developed at times independently and at other times together. The two methods share the principle of holistically recording as an intensity pattern the magnitude and phase distribution of a light wave, but they can differ significantly in how these recordings are formed and interpreted. Here we review ...
Need help finding the right suppliers? Try XPRT Sourcing. Let the XPRTs do the work for you