drinking water Articles
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Searching for a sustainable arsenic mitigation strategy in Bangladesh: experience from two upazilas
Arsenic concentrations of tubewell water that exceed the Bangladesh Drinking Water Standard pose a serious health problem for millions of people in Bangladesh. Groundwater is the source of drinking water for 98% of the population. The main object of the study was to review the status of the provided options, which were distributed during 1999?2001 in two upazilas. It was observed that ...
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Winter exposure assessment of copper, zinc and arsenic in drinking water of inhabitants in Beijing, China
Human exposure to Cu, Zn and As from drinking water in Beijing, China was estimated in winter. Cu, Zn and As were detected at 6.1, 400 and 0.6 µg/L on average in stagnant water, significantly different from those in the actually ingested boiled tap water, 5.1, 130 and 2.4 µg/L, respectively. Daily intake of Cu, Zn and As from drinking water was 0.8%, 7.7% and 28.5% of the minimum for adults ...
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Removal of arsenic from anthropogenic aqueous media: an analytical review with particular reference to solvent extraction technique
Arsenic is an environmental toxicant, which is known to cause serious ailments to humans and its presence in drinking water poses grave threat to millions of people all over the world. Apart from being drinking water pollutant, arsenic poses another dimension of problem in the recovery of metals from some of the sulfide ores, namely copper pyrites and galena. These were the two main reasons to ...
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Water scarcity projections
Things are changing globally — and long term trends are not very encouraging. The map here and its included commentary tell an extremely complex story. Water scarcity already affects every continent and around 2.8 billion people around the world at least one month out of every year. More than 1.2 billion people lack access to clean drinking water. It mostly affects arid and deserted areas, ...
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Elisabeth orphanage "kinderen van India" - Case Study
The Dutch based foundation "Kinderen van India" has set up an orphanage in 1989 in Pendra Road in the province Chhattisgarh (central India). The last two years the number of cases of waterborn diseases increased sharply. In particular the number of infectious diseases such as typhoid fever has risen sharply. The drinking water is extracted from a well located on the property. This source should ...
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Seasonal stratification effects on risk quantification of contaminant spreading in a warm monomictic lake under different hydrodynamic conditions: a case study in Lake Constance, Germany
Seasonal stratification plays a significant role in contaminant spreading in a warm monomictic lake. If any accident related to pollutant spills occurs in a warm monomictic lake, different risk levels will result depending on the type of lake stratification, location of pollutant release, and hydrodynamic conditions. In this study, seasonal stratification effects on risk of contaminant spreading ...
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Evaluation of mutagenic activity of organic micropollutants present in surface waters
Surface water to be employed in drinking water supplies can be characterised both by chemical analysis and mutagenic activity in order to detect genotoxic compounds present as environmental pollutants or produced by drinking water treatments. In our experimental conditions, only two samples out of seven raw and four processed water extracts (Amberlite XAD-2 concentration) gave mutagenic effects ...
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Water purification by functionalised self-assembled monolayers on silica particles
This study focuses on a novel method to remove bio molecules and pathogens of different nature, such as proteins, viruses and oocysts, from water by silica particles coated with functionalised self-assembled monolayers. The results clearly show that organic species can efficiently be removed at pH ranges of drinking water by stirring the coated particles in the contaminated water for up to 60 min ...
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Impact and extent of ground water pollution: a case study of rural area in Punjab State (India)
Pollution has affected not only the natural resources of the planet but ground water also. Present paper is emphasised on study to assess the drinking water quality and its impacts on human health in the rural area of a region in Punjab (India). Samples of ground water from five villages have been tested and it has been found that 65% of samples have excessive fluoride, 100% have excessive ...
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Physical, chemical, bacteriological and radioisotopic parameters from springs and wells around Jocotitlan volcano, Mexico
Samples from seven springs and two wells around Jocotitlan volcano (Mexico), mainly used as drinking water supplies, were studied for physical, chemical, bacteriological and radioisotopic parameters. The temperature of the majority of the water was 5°C higher than the average atmospheric temperature of the zone, indicating a geothermal potential. The water type was bicarbonated mixed, related to ...
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Contamination of groundwater and the risk to human health
Groundwater is a major source of drinking water in many parts of the world. In industrialised countries, there is increasing concern that groundwater reserves are being contaminated by industrial effluents and the chemical pesticides and fertilizers used in intensive farming. This paper compares some of the existing guidelines for acceptable concentrations of certain common contaminants in ...
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Enteric viruses in New Zealand drinking-water sources
This study determined whether human pathogenic viruses are present in two New Zealand surface waters that are used as drinking-water sources. Enteric viruses were concentrated using hollow-fibre ultrafiltration and detected using PCR for adenovirus (AdV), and reverse transcription PCR for norovirus (NoV) genogroups I-III, enterovirus, rotavirus (RoV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV). Target viruses ...
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Improvement of a pesticide immunosensor performance using site–directed antibody immobilisation and carbon nanotubes
The potential toxicity of pesticide residues in drinking water has meant a rigid regulation for the appearance of these pollutants. Thus, in this work, we developed a new immunosensor for atrazine detection. We focused on the optimisation of the antibody immobilisation method on sensor surface for the enhancement of the biosensor sensitivity. First, with site–directed immobilisation of rabbit ...
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Solutions for Safe Drinking Water Through Biological Water Treatments
Most people across the U.S. expect to turn on their faucets and have immediate access to clean drinking water. The truth is, it wasn’t until 1974 that Congress passed the Safe Water Drinking Act with the goal of regulating the nation’s public water supply. Over the years, the SWDA has been amended to include water sources as well, such as rivers, lakes, springs and groundwater wells ...
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Manufacture of a low-cost ceramic microporous filter for the elimination of microorganisms causing common diseases
Africa is one of the most water-scarce continents on earth and the lack of potable water is responsible for the death of approximately 4,900 children every day. An effective way of making sure that water is of good quality is by decontaminating it by means of a household ceramic water filter. The low-cost water filters suitable for the removal of suspended solids, pathogenic bacteria and other ...
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Water aggressiveness and hydrodynamic effects on the fibres release in asbestos-cement pipes for public water supply
SEM and TEM analyses of drinking water samples, collected during three years (1988, 1989 and 1990) from some Asbestos-Cement (A/C) distribution systems in Veneto Region (Italy), have shown that the release of fibres, with length greater than 10 μm, is, on average, quite low. Moreover, the asbestos concentration is not strictly dependent on Aggressiveness Index (A.I.) in the range ...
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Water pollution
Water pollution is a major problem in the global context. It has been suggested that it is the leading worldwide cause of deaths and diseases,1,2 and that it accounts for the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily.2 An estimated 700 million Indians have no access to a proper toilet, and 1,000 Indian children die of diarrheal sickness every day.3 Some 90% of China's cities suffer from ...
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Impact of intermittent water supply on water quality in Lebanon
Lebanon in general and its capital, Beirut, suffer from water shortage due to the increasing water demand and the lack of proper management despite its abundant water resources. An intermittent water supply strategy was implemented in order to minimise deficiency problems. This, however, can seriously affect water quality due to the potential suction of non-potable water by negative pressures, ...
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Wildfire’s Effects on Water
Dry conditions have a hand in the genesis of wildfires, and the fires in turn compromise the availability of freshwater resources Close on the heels of the great Australian wildfires earlier this year, 2020’s cataclysmic fire season in the western United States has shattered records. Both the duration of fire seasons and the number of major wildfires have been increasing over recent ...
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Study Finds Carcinogens in CA Drinking Water
By studying water contaminants in groups, researchers assessed cancer risks over lifetimes A study of contaminant groups in 2,737 public water systems in California found that the Golden State’s drinking water may cause negative health outcomes. The Environmental Working Group (EWG) study, published in the journal Environmental Health, found that concentrations of contaminants in ...
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