WWTP modeling Articles
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Add Control: plant virtualization for control solutions in WWTP
This paper summarizes part of the research work carried out in the Add Control project, which proposes an extension of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) models and modelling architectures used in traditional WWTP simulation tools, addressing, in addition to the classical mass transformations (transport, physico-chemical phenomena, biological reactions), all the instrumentation, actuation ...
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Impact of influent data frequency and model structure on the quality of WWTP model calibration and uncertainty
Application of activated sludge models (ASMs) to full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is still hampered by the problem of model calibration of these over-parameterised models. This either requires expert knowledge or global methods that explore a large parameter space. However, a better balance in structure between the submodels (ASM, hydraulic, aeration, etc.) and improved quality of ...
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Detailed off-gas measurements for improved modelling of the aeration performance at the WWTP of Eindhoven
At wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), the aerobic conversion processes in the bioreactor are driven by the presence of dissolved oxygen (DO). Within these conversion processes, the oxygen transfer is a rate limiting step as well as being the largest energy consumer. Despite this high importance, WWTP models often lack detail on the aeration part. An extensive measurement campaign with ...
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Challenges encountered when expanding activated sludge models: a case study based on N2O production
It is common practice in wastewater engineering to extend standard activated sludge models (ASMs) with extra process equations derived from batch experiments. However, such experiments have often been performed under conditions different from the ones normally found in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). As a consequence, these experiments might not be representative for full-scale ...
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Good modelling practice in applying computational fluid dynamics for WWTP modelling
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling in the wastewater treatment (WWT) field is continuing to grow and be used to solve increasingly complex problems. However, the future of CFD models and their value to the wastewater field are a function of their proper application and knowledge of their limits. As has been established for other types of wastewater modelling (i.e. biokinetic ...
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Automatic reactor model synthesis with genetic programming
Successful modeling of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) processes requires an accurate description of the plant hydraulics. Common methods such as tracer experiments are difficult and costly and thus have limited applicability in practice; engineers are often forced to rely on their experience only. An implementation of grammar-based genetic programming with an encoding to represent hydraulic ...
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Population balance models: a useful complementary modelling framework for future WWTP modelling
Population balance models (PBMs) represent a powerful modelling framework for the description of the dynamics of properties that are characterised by distributions. This distribution of properties under transient conditions has been demonstrated in many chemical engineering applications. Modelling efforts of several current and future unit processes in wastewater treatment plants could ...
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Mathematical modelling of biofilms and biofilm reactors for engineering design
Mathematical models are critical to modern environmental biotechnology—both in research and in the engineering practice. Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) simulators are used by consulting engineers and WWTP operators when planning, designing, optimizing, and evaluating the unit processes that comprise municipal and industrial WWTPs. Many WWTP simulators have been expanded to include a submerged ...
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Use of sewer on-line total solids data in wastewater treatment plant modelling
We describe a neural network model of a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in which on-line total solids (TS) sewer data generated by a novel microwave sensor is used as a model input variable. The predictive performance of the model is compared with and without sewer data and with modelling with a traditional linear multiple linear regression (MLR) model. In addition, the benefits of ...
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Benchmark simulation models,
quo vadis ?As the work of the IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is coming to an end, it is essential to disseminate the knowledge gained. For this reason, all authors of the IWA Scientific and Technical Report on benchmarking have come together to provide their insights, highlighting areas where knowledge may still be deficient and where new ...
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Shall we upgrade one-dimensional secondary settler models used in WWTP simulators? – An assessment of model structure uncertainty and its propagation
In WWTP models, the accurate assessment of solids inventory in bioreactors equipped with solid-liquid separators, mostly described using one-dimensional (1-D) secondary settling tank (SST) models, is the most fundamental requirement of any calibration procedure. Scientific knowledge on characterising particulate organics in wastewater and on bacteria growth is well-established, whereas 1-D SST ...
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Impacts of onsite greywater reuse on wastewater systems
Together with significant water savings that onsite greywater reuse (GWR) may provide, it may also affect the performance of urban sewer systems and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In order to examine these effects, an integrated stochastic simulation system for GWR in urban areas was developed. The model includes stochastic generators of domestic wastewater streams and gross solids ...
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Estimating odour impact range of a selected wastewater treatment plant for winter and summer seasons in Polish conditions using CALPUFF model
Odour emission from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) is a common cause of odour nuisance to neighbouring areas. The analysed object was mechanical biological WWTP designed for 1,200,000 population equivalent. Collection of the samples was carried out in accordance with the methodology described in VDI 3880 and PN-EN 13725 during the rainless weather. Odour concentration measurement was made ...
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A realistic dynamic blower energy consumption model for wastewater applications
At wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) aeration is the largest energy consumer. This high energy consumption requires an accurate assessment in view of plant optimization. Despite the ever increasing detail in process models, models for energy production still lack detail to enable a global optimization of WWTPs. A new dynamic model for a more accurate prediction of aeration energy costs in ...
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Optimization of A2O BNR processes using ASM and EAWAG Bio-P models: model formulation
This study is an extended and comprehensive analysis to accomplish optimal sizing for a biological nutrient removal (BNR) system with an A2O BNR activated sludge process using activated sludge models (ASM) kinetic models. A highly nonlinear activated sludge model combined with the EAWAG Bio-P module is formulated and optimized using a generalized reduced gradient solver. Primary and final ...
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Improvement of multi-parameter-based feed-forward coagulant dosing control systems with feed-back functionalities
Coagulant dosing control in drinking and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is often limited to flow proportional concepts. The advanced multi-parameter-based dosing control systems have significantly reduced coagulant consumption and improved outlet qualities. Due to the long retention time in separation stages, these models are mostly based on feed-forward (FF) models. This paper ...
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Understanding energy saving and CO2 reduction in wastewater treatment plants
Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) have to deal with the issue of energy saving and/or CO2 reduction. Aeration, sludge return, chemical dosing, sludge reduction, sludge digestion, etc. could indeed have some function on this issue. On the other hand, controlled processes of COD and nutrient conversions could also be of benefit to the issue. With this paper, the relationship between energy ...
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Simulation of municipal-industrial full scale WWTP in an arid climate by application of ASM3
In developing countries, and due to the high cost of treatment of industrial wastewater, municipal wastewater treatment facilities usually receive a mixture of municipal wastewater and partially treated industrial wastewater. As a result, an increased potential for shock loads with high pollutant concentrations is expected. The use of mathematical modelling of wastewater treatment is highly ...
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Effectiveness of septage pre-treatment in vertical flow constructed wetlands
Septage is wastewater stored temporarily in cesspools. A periodic supply of its significant quantities to small municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) may cause many operational problems. In the frame of the research, it has been proposed to utilize vertical flow constructed wetlands for pre-treatment of septage prior to its input to the biological stage of a WWTP. The aim of the work ...
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A simple empirical model for the clarification-thickening process in wastewater treatment plants
In wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), activated sludge is thickened in secondary settling tanks and recycled into the biological reactor to maintain enough biomass for wastewater treatment. Accurately estimating the activated sludge concentration in the lower portion of the secondary clarifiers is of great importance for evaluating and controlling the sludge recycled ratio, ensuring smooth ...
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