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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) are commonly refers to a large class of organic compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen and consist of two or more fused aromatic rings. PAHs are emitted into the Canadian environment from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Forest fires, which releases approximately 2000 tons of PAHs per year.

PHC is a term used to describe a broad family of several hundred chemical compounds that originally come from crude oil. They are one of the most widespread soils contaminates in Canada. Because modern society uses so many petroleum-based products (for example, gasoline, kerosene, fuel oil, mineral oil, and asphalt), contamination of the environment by them is potentially widespread.  Everyone is exposed to PHCs from many sources, including gasoline fumes at the pump, spilled crankcase oil on pavement, chemicals used at home or work, or certain pesticides that contain PHC components as solvents.

VOCs are organic compounds containing one or more carbon atoms that have high vapor pressures and therefore evaporate readily into our atmosphere. VOCs are primarily precursors to the formation of ground level ozone and particulate matter. They are the key ingredients for the formation of smog and are known to have adverse effects on human health and environment. Air pollution has been shown to have significant adverse effect to human health including lung cancer, heart disease and frequent hospitalization. Furthermore, evidence has shown that level ozone can have detrimental impact on the environment. This impact can lead to reductions in agricultural crop, reduced growth of tree seedling, survivability of young trees and other environmental stresses.